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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Harinakshi Sanikini David C. Muller Marisa Sophiea Sabina Rinaldi Antonio Agudo Eric J. Duell Elisabete Weiderpass Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Jytte Halkjær Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Iris Cervenka Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Antonia Trichopoulou Georgia Martimianaki Anna Karakatsani Valeria Pala Domenico Palli Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Guri Skeie Charlotta Rylander María-Dolores Chirlaque López Maria-Jose Sánchez Eva Ardanaz Sara Regnér Tanja Stocks Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Roel C.H. Vermeulen Dagfinn Aune Tammy Y.N. Tong Nathalie Kliemann Neil Murphy Marc Chadeau-Hyam Marc J. Gunter Amanda J. Cross 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(4):929-942
Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5–25 kg/m2: HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25–3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15–6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99–6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52–4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35–14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76–18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14–0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers. 相似文献
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Adeline Tarantini Sylvie Huet Gérard Jarry Rachelle Lanceleur Martine Poul Ana Tavares Nádia Vital Henriqueta Louro Maria João Silva Valérie Fessard 《Environmental and molecular mutagenesis》2015,56(2):218-227
Synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) in its nanosized form is now used in food applications although the potential risks for human health have not been evaluated. In this study, genotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage of two pyrogenic (NM‐202 and 203) and two precipitated (NM‐200 and ‐201) nanosized SAS were investigated in vivo in rats following oral exposure. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg b.w./day for three days by gavage. DNA strand breaks and oxidative DNA damage were investigated in seven tissues (blood, bone marrow from femur, liver, spleen, kidney, duodenum, and colon) with the alkaline and the (Fpg)‐modified comet assays, respectively. Concomitantly, chromosomal damage was investigated in bone marrow and in colon with the micronucleus assay. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation marker, was measured in plasma. When required, a histopathological examination was also conducted. The results showed neither obvious DNA strand breaks nor oxidative damage with the comet assay, irrespective of the dose and the organ investigated. Similarly, no increases in chromosome damage in bone marrow or lipid peroxidation in plasma were detected. However, although the response was not dose‐dependent, a weak increase in the percentage of micronucleated cells was observed in the colon of rats treated with the two pyrogenic SAS at the lowest dose (5 mg/kg b.w./day). Additional data are required to confirm this result, considering in particular, the role of agglomeration/aggregation of SAS NMs in their uptake by intestinal cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:218–227, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
44.
Ángela M. Ortega-Galán M. Dolores Ruiz-Fernández Rocío Ortiz-Amo José Cabrera-Troya Inés M. Carmona-Rega Olivia Ibáñez-Masero 《Enfermería clínica》2019,29(1):10-17
Objective
To discover the experiences of end-of-life patients attended by the emergency services, through the discourse of the family caregivers who accompanied the family member in this care transit.Method
A qualitative approach study, based on the paradigm of hermeneutical phenomenology. In total, 81 family caregivers participated. The techniques used were the in-depth interview and the discussion group, with a total of 5 discussion groups and 41 interviews. The period of data collection was carried out between January 2013 and June 2014.Results
In the network of discourses obtained with respect to “Urgent Care”, all the codes were grouped in relation to a single argumentative line: deficiencies in urgent care. Among them, we found different dimensions that are established depending on the different times of care, or the different determinant aspects of these deficiencies: disorganization of the care received, lack of experience of the professionals in emergencies, application of general protocols in the emergency services, inadequate care in the treatment received, delays in emergency care.Conclusions
In general, we highlight the dissatisfaction of the family members with respect to the care received from the emergency services. The needs of these types of situation are not covered from these services and are of low quality. Therefore, it is necessary to reorient the care protocols for these patients. 相似文献45.
José A. Lorente Pablo Cardinal-Fernández Diego Muñoz Fernando Frutos-Vivar Arnaud W. Thille Carlos Jaramillo Aida Ballén-Barragán José M. Rodríguez Oscar Peñuelas Guillermo Ortiz José Blanco Bruno Valle Pinheiro Nicolás Nin María del Carmen Marin Andrés Esteban Taylor B. Thompson 《Intensive care medicine》2015,41(11):1921-1930
46.
J. Alarcón-Rodríguez M. Fernández-Velilla A. Ureña-Vacas J.J. Martín-Pinacho J.A. Rigual-Bobillo A. Jaureguízar-Oriol L. Gorospe-Sarasúa 《Radiologia》2021,63(3):258-269
Most of the patients who overcome the SARS-CoV-2 infection do not present complications and do not require a specific follow-up, but a significant proportion (especially those with moderate / severe clinical forms of the disease) require clinicalradiological follow-up. Although there are hardly any references or clinical guidelines regarding the long-term follow-up of post-COVID-19 patients, radiological exams are being performed and monographic surveillance consultations are being set up in most of the hospitals to meet their needs. The purpose of this work is to share our experience in the management of the post-COVID-19 patient in two institutions thathave had a high incidence of COVID-19 and to propose general follow-uprecommendations from a clinical and radiological perspective. 相似文献
47.
Samira Marín-Romero Teresa Elías-Hernández María Isabel Asensio-Cruz Rocío Ortega-Rivera Raquel Morillo-Guerrero Javier Toral Emilio Montero Verónica Sánchez Elena Arellano José María Sánchez-Díaz Macarena Real-Domínguez Remedios Otero-Candelera Luis Jara-Palomares 《Archivos de bronconeumología》2019,55(12):619-626
IntroductionScales for predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence are useful for deciding the duration of the anticoagulant treatment. Although there are several scales, the most appropriate for our setting has not been identified. For this reason, we aimed to validate the DASH prediction score and the Vienna nomogram at 12 months.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of unselected consecutive VTE patients seen between 2006 and 2014. We compared the ability of the DASH score and the Vienna nomogram to predict recurrences of VTE. The validation was performed by stratifying patients as low-risk or high-risk, according to each scale (discrimination) and comparing the observed recurrence with the expected rate (calibration).ResultsOf 353 patients evaluated, 195 were analyzed, with an average age of 53.5 ± 19 years. There were 21 recurrences in 1 year (10.8%, 95% CI: 6.8%-16%). According to the DASH score, 42% were classified as low risk, and the rate of VTE recurrence in this group was 4.9% (95% CI: 1.3%-12%) vs. the high-risk group that was 15% (95% CI: 9%-23%) (p <.05). According to the Vienna nomogram, 30% were classified as low risk, and the rate of VTE recurrence in the low risk group vs. the high risk group was 4.2% (95% CI:0.5%-14%) vs. 16.2% (95% CI: 9.9%-24.4%) (p <.05).ConclusionsOur study validates the DASH score and the Vienna nomogram in our population. The DASH prediction score may be the most advisable, both because of its simplicity and its ability to identify more low-risk patients than the Vienna nomogram (42% vs. 30%). 相似文献
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Kit Galvin Jen Krenz Marcy Harrington Pablo Palmández Richard A. Fenske 《Journal of agromedicine》2016,21(1):113-122
Development of the Practical Solutions for Pesticide Safety guide used participatory research strategies to identify and evaluate solutions that reduce pesticide exposures for workers and their families and to disseminate these solutions. Project principles were (1) workplace chemicals belong in the workplace, and (2) pesticide handlers and farm managers are experts, with direct knowledge of production practices. The project’s participatory methods were grounded in self-determination theory. Practical solutions were identified and evaluated based on five criteria: practicality, adaptability, health and safety, novelty, and regulatory compliance. Research activities that had more personal contact provided better outcomes. The Expert Working Group, composed of farm managers and pesticide handlers, was key to the identification of solutions, as were farm site visits. Audience participation, hands-on testing, and orchard field trials were particularly effective in the evaluation of potential solutions. Small work groups in a Regional Advisory Committee provided the best direction and guidance for a “user-friendly” translational document that provided evidence-based practical solutions. The “farmer to farmer” format of the guide was endorsed by both the Expert Working Group and the Regional Advisory Committee. Managers and pesticide handlers wanted to share their solutions in order to “help others stay safe,” and they appreciated attribution in the guide. The guide is now being used in educational programs across the region. The fundamental concept that farmers and farmworkers are innovators and experts in agricultural production was affirmed by this study. The success of this process demonstrates the value of participatory industrial hygiene in agriculture. 相似文献