一种可生物降解温度敏感型聚乙二醇-聚己内酯-聚乙二醇水凝胶的合成和表征

合成了一系列分子量较低的聚乙二醇．聚己内酯-聚乙二醇（Poly（ethylene glycol）-Polycaprolactone-Poly（ethylene glycol），PEG-PCL—PEG）三嵌段共聚物。分别采用FTIR和1H—NMR对其结构进行了表征。所合成的PEG-PCL-PEG共聚物具有良好的水溶性，当水溶液浓度高于临界凝胶浓度（Critical gel concentration，CGC）时，随着温度的变化聚合物水溶液会呈现特有的凝胶-溶胶转变。研究了共聚物亲水疏水链段的比例和长度，以及热历史等对凝胶-溶胶转变行为的影响。通过调节上述条件，可以在一定程度上拓宽凝胶-溶胶转变温度范围，有助于PEG—PCL-PEG水凝胶在可注射药物控制释放系统等方面的应用。     

掌指关节的三维解剖及形态分析

目的：观测掌指关节关节面的几何形态,为人工关节的设计和应用提供解剖学依据。方法：10只成人手标本,解剖掌指关节,测量侧副韧带起点距掌骨头关节面的直线距离,三维数据检测仪获得关节面三维坐标数据,应用SPSS软件进行统计分析和成像。结果：掌骨头有双髁结构,桡侧髁略大,第1掌骨头形态特殊;各掌骨头高度的比较无显著差异;其掌侧关节面大于背侧,第2、3掌骨头关节面面积明显较大。近节指骨底在形态、高度和面积方面各序列相似;各序列侧副韧带起点桡侧较尺侧距离掌骨头关节面远。结论：手指人工关节的设计应符合解剖形态,并根据各序列形态的差异进行个体化设计,尤其拇指更应区别对待;手指人工关节的设计和应用中应注意软组织保护,关节的切除范围应注意保留侧副韧带的起止点。     

34例鹿角形肾结石手术取石的疗效观察

目的探讨肾下极肾盂肾盏联合切开术治疗复杂性鹿角形肾结石的疗效。方法回顾性分析采用肾下极肾盂肾盏联合切开术式治疗复杂性鹿角形肾结石34例临床资料。手术方法:分离肾窦内肾盂后,用1-0肠线在肾后唇中下1/3连接处紧贴肾盂肾盏表面缝合肾实质2针,中间尖刀切开肾实质,然后弧形切开肾盂及肾下盏,用神经剥离子将结石与肾盂肾盏粘膜粘连分离后,取石钳夹住结石轻轻撬出。盏颈狭窄者必要时先用气压弹道碎石器将其在分支处击断。4-0肠线缝合肾盂及肾下盏,再用2-0肠线间断全层缝合肾实质切口数针,包膜层用4-0肠线缝合。结果34例均一次性取净结石。术中平均出血量约90ml。术后无大出血病例。结论肾下极背侧肾实质与肾盂联合切开取石术具有术中出血少,无须阻断肾蒂,肾功能受损轻,便于一次取尽结石等优点。适合于肾窦内肾盂特别是肾下盏盏颈相对狭窄的复杂性鹿角形肾结石的治疗。     

Suppressive effects of Sairei-to on monoclonal antibody 1–22–3-induced glomerulonephritis: Analysis of effective components

The effects of treditional Chinese medlclne (Salrel-to) on experimental glomerulonephritls Induced In rats by monodonal antibody (mAb) 1–22–3 lnjectlon was examined. The level of proteinuria in the Sairel-to-treated group was significantly lower than that In the PBS treated group. This suppressive effect was caused by the major component of Sealer-to, Syo-salko-to but not by another component, Gorel-san. The suppressive effect of Syo-salko-to was Identified In Its components ( Bupleuri radix, Pindilae tuber and Zingibers rhizoma ), but not In the other combined components ( Ginseng radix and Zizyphl fructus ). Further study weeled that the suppressive effects of the combined components were mainly derived from Bupleuri radix . It was demonstrated that the actual active Ingredient is probably Salkosaponin-d. Light microscopy revealed that Sairel-to and Its effective components suppressed the proliferation of mesanglal cells and mesanglal matrix expansion. Semi quantitative morphological studies of glomerular lesions on the eighth day showed that Syo-salko-to and Its combined components ( Bupleuri radix, Zinglberis rhizoma and Pinelliae tuber ) suppressed mesanglal matrix expansion significantly compared with phosphate-buffered saline control groups (matrix score: 28.0±19.1 vs 102.3±14.1; 30.9±30.1 vs 102.3±14.1, p<0.005, respectively). It was concluded that Salkosaponln-d, as well as Bupleuri radix , Syo-salko-to and Sairel-to can suppress proteinurla and morphological changes In the rat glomerulonephritls model Induced by mAb 1–22–3.     

Nucleolar localization of non-structural protein 3b, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

The open reading frame 3 (ORF3) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome encodes a predicted 154-amino acid protein, which lacks similarities to any known protein, and is named 3b. In this study, it was shown that 3b protein was predominately localized to nucleus with EGFP tag at its N- or C-terminus. The localization patterns were similar in different transfected cells. Immuno-fluorescence assay revealed that 3b protein was co-localized well with C23 in nucleolus. C23, B23 and fibrillarin all are important nucleolar proteins, which localize in the region of the nucleolus. Co-transfection of p3b-EGFP with pC23-DsRed, pB23-DsRed and pfibrillarin-DsRed further confirmed 3b's nucleolus localization. With construction of serial truncated mutants of 3b, a region (residues 134-154 aa) responsible for nucleolar localization was determinated in 3b protein. These results provide a new insight for further functional studies of SARS-CoV 3b protein.     

周围神经干自然分束部位血管形态及临床意义

应用微血管灌注透明法观察研究5具成人周围神经干标本.重点观察神经自然分束部位微血管形态和分支分布规律.神经干内有非常完兽的血供系统.手术中循神经自然分束进行追踪分离,不会对神经血供产生明显影响.但在张力下牵拉缝合神经,将对神经干血供产生严重影响.神经束膜缝合比神经外膜缝合更强调在无张力下进行.     

氧化应激在溃疡性结肠炎中的作用及中医药防治研究进展

溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种临床常见的消化系统疾病,致病机制尚不明确,病情复杂多变,迁延难愈,治疗周期漫长,且无特效药。目前,UC的治疗多采用皮质类固醇、氨基水杨酸及生物制剂等西医手段,短时间起效快,疗效确切。但随着用药时间的延长,部分患者会出现耐药性和加剧病情发展,导致结肠癌的发生。有研究发现,氧化应激是UC重要的致病因素之一,影响着UC的发生、发展。氧化应激是机体内氧化产物与抗氧化系统不平衡的一种应激状态,丙二醛（MDA）、活性氧（ROS）、一氧化氮（NO）等氧化产物的过表达或者超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）抗氧化酶的不足都会导致氧化应激的发生。值得注意的是,中医药作为我国独有的医学特色,运用中医药治疗UC疾病已经取得显著的成效。研究表明,中医药一方面通过抑制代谢产物的堆积,有效抑制UC发生,另一方面,通过提高抗氧化系统,达到拮抗UC发展的治疗效果。因此,以中医药调节氧化平衡状态作为诊疗思路,可能是未来治疗UC疾病的新手段、新方向。基于上述研究,该文总结了氧化应激关键致病蛋白与UC发生、发展的作用机制,归纳了中药有效成分、单味中药、中药复方、针灸调控氧化应激上下游靶点蛋白,减轻肠黏膜病理损害,降低结肠损伤指数,以及丰富肠道菌群,增加结肠长度,改善UC临床症状,以期为扩大中医药治疗UC疾病的应用范围,提供可靠的科学理论依据。     

Radioprotective Effect of Whey Hydrolysate Peptides against γ-Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in BALB/c Mice

Radiation therapy is widely used in the treatment of tumor diseases, but it can also cause serious damage to the body, so it is necessary to find effective nutritional supplements. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of whey hydrolysate peptides (WHPs) against ⁶⁰Coγ radiation damage in mice and explore the mechanism. BALB/c mice were given WHPs by oral gavage administration for 14 days. Then, some mice underwent a 30-day survival test after 8 Gy radiation, and other mice received 3.5 Gy radiation to analyze the changes in body weight, hematology and bone marrow DNA after three and 14 days. In addition, through further analysis of the level of oxidative stress and intestinal barrier function, the possible mechanism of the radioprotective effect of WHPs was explored. The study found WHPs can prolong survival time, restore body weight, and increase the number of peripheral blood white blood cells and bone marrow DNA content in irradiated mice. In addition, WHPs can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and protect the intestinal barrier. These results indicate that WHPs have a certain radioprotective effect in mice, and the main mechanism is related to reducing oxidative damage.     

巨细胞病毒DNA早期抗原与巨细胞病毒-IgM、IgG滴度一致率的对比研究

目的 :正确认识巨细胞病毒 (CMV)DNA及CMV早期抗原 (EA)的病毒学意义及临床价值。方法 :检查 34例急性黄疸性肝炎患儿和 19例健康儿童的血白细胞CMV DNA、尿CMV DNA、血白细胞CMV EA ,并与其同时检测的CMV IgM、CMV IgG双份血清 (急性期 /恢复期 )滴度有 4倍以上升高 (IgG升高 )相比较。结果 :CMV DNA与CMV IgM及CMV IgG升高的一致率都低于 5 0 % ;CMV EA与CMV IgM的一致率为 6 6 .7% (肝炎患儿 )、6 8.4% (健康儿童 ) ,显著高于血CMV DNA( 37.7% ,P <0 .0 1)和 CMV DNA( 4 4.4% ,P <0 .0 5 )与CMV IgM的一致率 ,但CMV EA与CMV IgG升高无相关性 ;CMV DNA与CMV EA在肝炎患儿和健康儿童中的检出率无显著差异性。结论 :CMV DNA定性检查不适于做为CMV活动性感染的指标 ,而CMV EA更能反映CMV的活动性感染。联合开展CMV的多种抗原检查以及定量检查CMV 抗原和DNA可能是必要的