Comparative evaluation of bioglass with calcium sulphate β-hemihydrate for the treatment of intraosseous defects—a clinico-radiological study

Background

The aim of the present clinical and radiological study was to compare bioglass and calcium sulphate β-hemihydrate in the treatment of intraosseous defect in chronic periodontitis.

Method

A total of 50 subjects with bilaterally symmetrical periodontal osseous defects with probing pocket depth = 5 mm and intraosseous defects ≥ 3 mm as seen on the radiographs were undertaken for the study. In one site (group A) bioactive glass was placed in defect and in contralateral site (group B) calcium sulphate β-hemihydrate was used in the defect site.

Results

Clinical improvement was noted in all patients at the end of study. Both the groups showed reduction in probing pocket depth, increase in clinical attachment level, and reduction in osseous defect. Both materials were effective in achieving osseous gain.

Conclusion

The osseous gain in group A subjects was 58.93%, whereas in group B subjects it was 48.56%. Calcium sulphate β-hemihydrates showed promising results and were cost effective.     

The effects of himantane and cycloprolylglycine on the enzymatic linkage of monoamine synthesis in the rat brain

Using HPLC we studied the effects of new substances with antiparkinsonian activities, viz., himantane and cycloprolylglycine (CPG), on the contents of monoamines and their metabolites in the brain structures of Wistar rats under conditions of the inhibition of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases. It was shown that 70 min after administration himantane induces a significant decrease in the level of noradrenaline in the nucleus accumbens (NA) and striatum. At 70 min after administration of CPG, we observed an increase in the DOPAC/DA ratio in the NA and the level of 5-HIAA in the striatum. At 24 h after CPG administration, we observed an increase in the HVA content and HVA/DA ratio in the hypothalamus and striatum. We found a decrease in 5-HIAA in all brain structures we studied at 24 h after administration of CPG, which was absent at 70 min after injection of the substance; the magnitude of 5-HIAA/5-HT decreased in the hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, and hippocampus. Our results suggest that both substances we studied influence serotonergic transmission by inhibition of the MAO B enzyme.     

The effects of high-energy protons and carbon ions (<Superscript>12</Superscript>C) on the cognitive function and the content of monoamines and their metabolites in peripheral blood in monkeys

Model experiments using monkeys (rhesus macaque monkeys) were performed to investigate the neurobiological effects of two components of galactic cosmic radiation, namely, high-energy protons and carbon (¹²C) ions. It has been demonstrated that the irradiation of a monkey’s head with protons at a dose of 3 Gy did not cause any significant changes in the animal’s cognitive function and in the concentrations of monoamines and their metabolites in the peripheral blood. However, exposure to carbon ions at a dose of 1 Gy resulted in a significant cognitive function impairment and a significant decrease in serotonin metabolite concentrations in the blood in the monkeys with the excitable imbalanced type of higher nervous activity.     

The Effects of the O-(2-R-oxime 4-benzoyl) pyridine derivate GIZh-298 and topiramate on the contents of monoamines and their metabolites in rat brain structures: A neurochemical study

The effects of the putative antiepileptic drug GIZh-298 and the reference standard topiramate on the concentrations of monoamines and their metabolites in the frontal cortex, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, striatum, and hippocampus of Wistar rats was investigated using HPLC. It was shown that topiramate at a dose of 100 mg/kg induces an increase in dopamine concentration and a decrease in its metabolism rate in the frontal cortex, a decrease in the level of its metabolites in the dorsal striatum, and an increase in concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites in the hypothalamus 30 minutes after injection. GIZh-298 at a dose of 60 mg/kg caused an increase in the serotonin and dopamine concentration in the frontal cortex and a decrease in the dopamine metabolism rate in the dorsal striatum 30 minutes after injection, which may be considered as one of the components of the antiepileptic effect of this drug.     

Organization of medicinal service in local military conflicts of our times

In modern conditions the increasing frequency of local conflicts makes it necessary to pay special attention to some problems of medical support system taking into account the experience of previous military campaigns. Among these problems are the following: the realization of principle of territorial supply; the creation of distinct system of interdepartmental interaction in conflict zone; the improvement of individual and group medical equipment; as well as the development of standards of drug and medical material supply basing on the common approaches to treatment and care rendered to the patients and casualties.     

Evaluation of aerosol and water contamination and control of cross infection in dental clinics

Background: The oral cavity is an unique environment which provides an ideal medium for bacterial growth. As a result of repeated exposure to the microorganisms present in blood and saliva, the dental health professionals and the patients are at a higher risk for developing many infectious diseases. A pilot study was carried out in the Dept of Dental Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College to assess the risk of cross infection in dental clinics.