Graft failure after T-cell-depleted human leukocyte antigen identical marrow transplants for leukemia: II. In vitro analyses of host effector mechanisms

To identify mechanisms potentially contributing to graft failure, 19 leukemic recipients of T-cell-depleted marrow transplants who failed to engraft following a transplant of HLA identical sibling marrow depleted of T cells by soybean agglutinin (SBA) and sheep erythrocytes (E) were evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated at the time of failure were consistently of host origin, bearing the phenotype of suppressor T cells (CD3+, CD8+, Leu 7+). A direct cytolytic effect on 51Cr-labeled donor-derived target cells was not detected, a finding that contrasts with the donor-specific cytotoxic host T lymphocytes that have been regularly observed in patients rejecting HLA nonidentical SBA -E- BMTs. However, these host T cells did exhibit a strong and specific suppressive activity against the donor marrow CFU- GM in vitro. Furthermore, in contrast to prior findings in durably engrafted recipients of SBA -E- BMTs, the lymphocytes isolated prior to or at the time of graft failure lacked natural killer surface antigen expression and effector function.     

窦房结脂肪垫对犬右上肺静脉电生理特性影响的研究

目的研究不同水平刺激窦房结脂肪垫(SANFP)对右房(RA)及右上肺静脉(RSPV)的有效不应期(ERP)及心房颤动(简称房颤)诱发率的影响,探讨SANFP对房颤发生维持的作用。方法6只犬麻醉后经右侧开胸暴露RSPV及SANFP,以0.6～2,5,8mV三种不同电压强度水平、60ms频率刺激SANFP,同时以S1S2刺激观察三种水平下RA游离壁远、中、近端及RSPV远、中、近端ERP的变化;同样方法刺激SANFP以S1S1和S1S2程序刺激诱发房颤,测定房颤的诱发率。结果以5mV电压刺激窦房结脂肪垫RSPV近端ERP较基础时明显缩短(90±24msvs109±16ms,P<0.05),其房颤诱发率50%;以5,8mV电压刺激SANFP时RA游离壁近端、中端ERP变化较基础时明显缩短(96±20msvs117±14ms,65±20msvs117±14ms,P均<0.05),其房颤诱发率100%。结论窦房结脂肪垫可能在肺静脉起源的房颤的诱发和维持中起了重要作用。     

Reticulocytes. I. Isolation and in vitro maturation of synchronized populations

Studies of reticulocyte maturation have been limited by the inability to obtain pure populations of age-synchronized reticulocytes and by the absence of well-defined methods for the maturation of reticulocytes in vitro. Many of these problems were overcome using temporary suppression of erythropoiesis with thiamphenicol and phlebotomy resulting in a highly reproducible reticulocyte response, Percoll density gradient separation of cells yielding essentially pure populations of age- synchronized reticulocytes, and liquid culture techniques where cell lysis is minimal. The system allows reproducible study of well-defined cohorts of reticulocytes as they mature into erythrocytes. During in vitro maturation we serially monitored changes in reticulocyte count, glucose consumption, 125I-transferrin binding, fluorescein (FITC)- labeled transferrin binding, the activities of four erythrocyte enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and the appearance of cells on scanning electron microscopy. These variables changed at different rates suggesting that multiple mechanisms underlie these maturational events. Transferrin binding and reticulocyte count decreased most rapidly and reached values near zero after three to four days in culture. The four enzyme activities decreased much more slowly, and only two reached pretreatment values after seven days in culture. In contrast to the findings of others, scanning electron microscopy suggested that cells do not assume the normal biconcave shape in this system. The methods described make it feasible to study the process of reticulocyte maturation in vitro. The data presented represent a first step in the study of the coordination and interrelationships of various maturational processes.     

Cytogenetic features of infants less than 12 months of age at diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: impact of the 11q23 breakpoint on outcome: a report of the Childrens Cancer Group

Cytogenetic analyses of pretreatment bone marrows were performed at local institutions as part of Childrens Cancer Group (CCG) protocol CCG- 107 for infants less than 1 year of age with previously untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Cytogenetic analyses from 39 patients (17 males and 22 females) were accepted after review. Several unique cytogenetic features were observed. Twelve patients (31%) had a t(4;11)(q21;q23) and had a significantly shorter event-free survival (EFS) than did the other patients with adequate cytogenetic analyses (P = .009). Five additional patients had an 11q23 breakpoint, not associated with 4q21. When EFS for these 5 patients was compared with that of the t(4;11) patients, even with these small numbers there was a strong, although not significant, suggestion that the t(4;11) patients have a reduced EFS (P = .09), indicating that the specific translocation, t(4;11)(q21;q23), and not an 11q23 breakpoint per se, may be associated with the poor prognosis of these infants. Structural abnormalities were present in 27 of 28 patients with abnormal karyotypes. A new recurring abnormality, t(5;15)(p15:1;q11) or t(5;15)(p15.3;q13), was identified in 3 patients (Arthur et al, Blood 70:274a, 1987 [abstr, suppl 1]). Two females had structural abnormalities involving Xp11, a breakpoint rarely seen in ALL. Fourteen (36%) patients had a single structural abnormality, and 13 (33%) had complex karyotypes. No patients had hyperdiploidy with more than 50 chromosomes. Only normal chromosomes were observed in 11 patients (28%), and their outcome did not differ from patients with abnormal karyotypes. These cytogenetic abnormalities found in the leukemic cells of infants are clearly different from those in older children and adults, and may explain, in part, the unique biologic characteristics of infant ALL.     

Effects of chronotropic incompetence on exercise capacity in people with heart failure versus age-matched controls

Heart Failure Reviews - Chronotropic incompetence (CI) is an inability to adequately raise heart rate during physiological stress. We established CI prevalence and exercise capacity in heart...     

基于核磁代谢组学的驴皮与其伪品的鉴别研究

目的使用核磁共振(NMR)代谢组学技术对驴Equus asinus皮及其伪品(马E.caballus皮、骡E.ferus×asinus皮)的水提物进行鉴别研究,为阿胶的鉴别和质量控制研究提供依据。方法从去毛后的驴皮及其伪品中提取水溶性成分,然后进行核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)分析,对所得的核磁数据进行水溶性成分归属指认,并进行多元统计分析。结果在驴皮及其伪品1H-NMR图谱中指认出了42种水溶性成分。与驴皮比较,马皮中含较多醋酸、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸,含较少乳酸、丝氨酸、焦谷氨酸、肌酸,而骡皮中含较多乳酸、肌酸、丙氨酸、胆碱,含较少甘油、醋酸,并且都具有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论初步建立了基于核磁代谢组学技术对阿胶原料驴皮与其伪品的鉴别研究方法,为阿胶原料驴皮的鉴别和质量控制研究提供实验依据。     

生物素光亲和分子的设计合成及其对2’-O-炔丙基鸟苷的标记

本文基于光亲和生物素探针分子在小分子配体靶标确证领域的应用,设计并合成了带有叠氮基的光亲和生物素探针分子1,证实其能够通过点击化学反应,对N2-乙酰基-2’-O-炔丙基鸟苷9进行标记。为进一步对环核苷酸信使分子及反义寡聚核苷酸和si RNA等进行光亲和生物素标记提供了方法。     

吡嘧司特钾片在中国健康人体内的药动学研究

目的:建立人血浆中吡嘧司特钾浓度的LC-MS/MS测定法,研究吡嘧司特钾片在中国健康人体内的药动学。方法:21例中国男性健康受试者单剂量空腹口服10 mg吡嘧司特钾片,0~24 h间隔采集肘静脉血,血浆样品采用0.1%盐酸化乙腈沉淀蛋白处理,LC-MS/MS法测定吡嘧司特钾血药浓度,DAS 2.0软件计算药动学参数。结果:建立的LC-MS/MS法测定吡嘧司特钾血浆浓度在2.0~400 ng·m L-1范围内线性关系良好,最低定量限为2.0 ng·m L-1,经方法验证符合生物样品测定要求。测得受试者单剂量口服10 mg吡嘧司特钾片后的主要药动学参数:Cmax为(1 007±135)ng·m L-1,Tmax为(1.8±0.6)h,t1/2为(4.1±0.8)h,AUC0~24为(5 851±992)ng·h·m L-1,AUC0~∞为(5 986±1 068)ng·h·m L-1,CL为(1.8±0.3)L·h-1,Vd为(10.5±1.5)L。结论:建立的LC-MS/MS测定法专属、灵敏,满足吡嘧司特钾片药动学研究的要求。