人工股骨头置换治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折近期疗效

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨转子间不稳定性骨折的近期疗效。方法应用人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄、有明显骨质疏松的股骨转子间不稳定性骨折患者20例。结果20例获2-24个月随访,患者术后14-35d负重行走,无坠积性肺炎、尿路感染的发生。术后X线片示假体位置良好,无下沉松动,无脱位,未出现髋内翻。Harris评分为75-92分。1例行走髋关节疼痛,1例9个月时X线片发现髋臼磨损。结论该手术方法具有功能恢复好、并发症少、能早期负重等优点,有临床上推广应用的价值,但应严格掌握其适应证。     

Long-lasting renal dysfunction following tacrolimus induction therapy in ulcerative colitis patients

Although tacrolimus (TAC) has remarkable effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients when given as remission induction therapy, some can develop renal dysfunction during TAC administration, resulting in withdrawal, though related details remain poorly understood. This study was conducted to determine the impact of oral TAC on renal function for remission induction therapy in UC patients. Fifty-five patients (10 elderly, 45 non-elderly) with UC and treated with oral TAC at our hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Renal function was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Although a high clinical response to TAC was seen in both elderly and non-elderly, a decline in eGFR was noted in nearly all patients regardless of age, with a maximum change of −34.4% from the baseline value at week 11. Furthermore, eGFR decline recovered quickly after TAC discontinuation, though did not return to the baseline at two years following cessation. The rate of eGFR change at week 12 was significantly associated with patient age (β = −0.3242, p = 0.0103) and peak serum trough level during TAC treatment (β = 0.3563, p = 0.0051). Furthermore, the rate of decline in eGFR was significantly greater during treatment with TAC in the elderly as compared to non-elderly, with a large difference in eGFR decline rate between those groups also noted at two years after withdrawal of treatment. Careful attention to renal function when administering oral TAC for UC is important and changes in eGFR should be monitored closely in elderly patients even after treatment cessation.     

AdIκBα转染通过诱导凋亡逆转人非小细胞肺癌对泰素的耐药性

目的研究携带抑制性核因子κBα(IκBα)的腺病毒(AdIκBα)联合化疗对人非小细胞肺癌细胞株H460及H460荷瘤小鼠的作用。方法(1)检测50%抑制浓度(IC50)以确定化疗单用或联合AdIκBα对H460细胞增殖的影响,同时采用Annexin-V/PI染色法和caspase3活性测定来检测治疗引起的细胞凋亡情况;(2)观察泰素单用及联合不同浓度AdIκBα转染对H460荷瘤小鼠的作用,同时通过免疫组化染色观察核因子κB(NFκB)与p53及NFκB与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)之间的关系。结果(1)联合AdIκBα3moi转染明显降低了泰素对H460的IC50,与激活caspase3途径而诱导了更多的细胞凋亡有关;在低剂量化疗组,联合治疗的疗效更加明显。(2)体内联合治疗明显抑制了H460荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长;免疫组化染色证实泰素治疗诱导了H460移植瘤细胞的NFκB表达增加,AdIκBα转染则消除了其表达,同时伴有轻度增加的VEGF表达,而p53表达不受影响。结论IκBα可通过阻滞NFκB表达和诱导凋亡而增加化疗疗效,同时减弱了VEGF表达,但与p53状态无关。推测联合治疗可减少化疗药的剂量,从而增加临床应用的耐受性。     

Grape seed powder increases gastrointestinal motility

Grape seed is an important natural bioactive product with various health benefits. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The present study investigated the effects of grape seed powder (GSP) on ICC properties and GI motility. GSP depolarized the pacemaker potentials of ICCs in a dose‑dependent manner. Y25130 or SB269970 slightly inhibited GSP‑induced effects. However, Y25130 and SB269970 together completely blocked GSP-induced effects. In the presence of inhibitors of protein kinase C, protein kinase A, or mitogen-activated protein kinase, GSP‑induced ICC depolarization was inhibited. GSP increased the intestinal transit rate in normal mice and in mice with acetic acid-induced GI motility disorder. In addition, the levels of motilin and substance P were elevated after GSP dosing. These results demonstrate that GSP can regulate GI motility, and therefore, it is a potential therapeutic agent for treating GI motility disorders.     

Proteomic analysis of the effects of caffeine in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic‐ischemic white matter damage

AimWhite matter damage (WMD) is the main cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in premature infants. Although caffeine has been shown to possess neuroprotective effects in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects are unclear. Herein, proteins modulated by caffeine in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD were evaluated.MethodsWe identified differential proteins and performed functional enrichment analyses between the Sham, hypoxic‐ischemic WMD (HI), and HI+caffeine‐treated WMD (Caffeine) groups. Confirmed the changes and effect of proteins in animal models and determined cognitive impairment via water maze experiments.ResultsIn paraventricular tissue, 47 differential proteins were identified between the Sham, HI, and Caffeine groups. Functional enrichment analyses showed that these proteins were related to myelination and axon formation. In particular, the myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein, myelin‐associated glycoprotein precursor, and sirtiun 2 (SIRT2) levels were reduced in the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD group, and this effect could be prevented by caffeine. Caffeine alleviated the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD‐induced cognitive impairment and improved MBP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95 protein levels after hypoxic‐ischemic WMD by preventing the HI‐induced downregulation of SIRT2; these effects were subsequently attenuated by the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7.ConclusionCaffeine may have clinical applications in the management of prophylactic hypoxic‐ischemic WMD; its effects may be mediated by proteins related to myelin development and synapse formation through SIRT2.     

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the nasopharynx: a case report and literature review

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of the nasopharynx is a rare malignant tumor that has been described in only a few case reports, and its differential diagnoses include diverse clinicopathologic entities. FDCS is often initially misdiagnosed, especially when examining small biopsy specimens. We herein report a case of FDCS arising in the nasopharynx that was initially misdiagnosed as a nerve sheath tumor. A 44-year-old woman presented with persistent obstruction of the left nasal cavity and underwent an excisional biopsy. The specimen demonstrated morphologic and immunohistochemical features of FDCS. In situ hybridization for Epstein–Barr virus-encoded RNA was negative. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The sarcoma recurred near the original site more than 3 years after the initial treatment and was completely resected. At the time of this writing, the patient had remained disease-free for 1 year after resection. This case is being reported to improve the clinical recognition of FDCS.     

重组人DcR3腺相关病毒的构建和表达

目的克隆人DcR3基因于腺相关病毒(adeno-associatedvirus,AAV)载体pAAV-IRES-hrGFP中,以获得高感染滴度及纯度的重组人DcR3腺相关病毒,为将其用于感染移植肝,研究其对大鼠移植肝的保护作用打下基础。方法用基因重组的方法构建含全长人DcR3基因的重组腺相关病毒骨架质粒,利用脂质体法将腺相关病毒载体系统共转染入病毒包装细胞AAV-293细胞中,合成重组DcR3腺相关病毒,经PEG/氯仿纯化,用SDS-PAGE鉴定其纯度,扫描电镜观察病毒颗粒形态,倍比稀释法测定重组病毒的感染滴度。并用重组病毒感染COS-7细胞鉴定DcR3的表达。结果正确构建组装重组人DcR3腺相关病毒,纯化后病毒感染滴度为1.1×1010U/mL。在重组DcR3腺相关病毒感染的COS-7细胞上清液中检测到了DcR3的表达。结论成功构建了重组人DcR3腺相关病毒,为下一步研究DcR3对大鼠移植肝的保护作用打下基础。     

萱草花提取工艺的研究

通过比较乙醇热回流法和水煮法、冷浸法,以总黄酮含量为指标,探讨萱草花的最佳提取工艺,结果表明:最佳提取工艺条件为70%乙醇,8倍量体积,冷浸2次,每次24h。     

清金化痰汤加减治疗脑卒中相关性肺炎临床研究

目的：观察清金化痰汤加减应用于脑卒中相关性肺炎的临床效果。方法：选择脑卒中相关性肺炎患者147 例,采用计算机随机编码法随机分为对照组74 例和观察组73 例。对照组采用常规西药进行治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用清金化痰汤治疗。观察并比较2 组患者临床治疗效果、免疫功能、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α） 水平和临床指标。结果：观察组总有效率为94.52%,高于对照组77.03%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.64,P＜0.05）。治疗前,2 组CD3+、CD8+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平没有统计学差异（P＞0.05）。治疗后,2 组CD3+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平较治疗前升高,CD8+较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,且观察组CD3+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗前,2 组CRP、PCT、TNF-α水平没有统计学差异（P＞0.05）。治疗后,2 组CRP、PCT、TNF-α 水平较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,且观察组CRP、PCT、TNF-α水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组体温恢复时间、白细胞恢复时间、住院时间明显短于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：清金化痰汤加减应用于脑卒中相关性肺炎,可明显改善患者临床症状,提高免疫功能,缓解患者炎症和感染症状,明显缩短治疗恢复时间。