乳腺超声弹性成像BI-RADS 4 级肿块校正及穿刺活检的诊断价值*

目的：对比分析乳腺BI-RADS 分级中4 级肿块经超声弹性成像应变率比值校正及超声引导下穿刺活检术的诊断价值。方法：收集2014年1 月至2016年6 月120 例承德医学院附属医院行乳腺肿块手术切除患者的资料,术前全部肿块BI-RADS 分级为4级,经超声弹性成像应变率比值校正后行超声引导下穿刺活检术,以病理为金标准对比超声弹性成像应变率比值与穿刺活检的诊断价值。结果：120 例乳腺患者BI-RADS 4 级肿块经超声弹性成像应变率比值校正后,其中46例BI-RADS 4 级不变、59例降为BI-RADS3 级、15例升为BI-RADS5 级,与病理结果对照,经超声弹性成像应变率比值校正及穿刺活检诊断的灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为90.7% 、81.8% 、85.5% 及88.8% 、98.5% 、95.0% ,经超声弹性成像应变率比值校正与穿刺活检诊断乳腺恶性肿块的差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）,诊断良性肿块的差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论：超声引导下穿刺活检术对乳腺BI-RADS4 级肿块有较高定性诊断价值,仅次于病理诊断,超声弹性成像应变率比值对乳腺 BI-RADS4 级肿块分级校正及指导穿刺活检具有一定的临床价值。     

媒体医药信息对辽宁省居民自我诊疗行为影响

目的 了解媒体医药信息对居民自我诊断、自我药疗行为的影响。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法对辽宁省2981名城乡居民进行问卷调查。结果 43.8%和11.7%的居民关注或信任媒体健康信息,11.6%的居民曾参加过商家举办的产品推广活动;根据媒体信息进行自我诊断和自我药疗的发生率分别为36.8%和43.2%;单因素分析显示,城市户籍、40~59岁、高收入、高中文化水平的居民自我诊断、自我药疗和诊断治疗发生率均明显高于其他人群;关注、信任、参加活动居民的自我诊疗率明显高于无以上行为居民;经多因素分析,城市居民自我诊疗行为是农村居民的1.50~2.87倍,自我诊疗行为随健康状况的下降而升高,关注、信任媒体医药信息、参加相关推广活动使自我诊疗行为增加0.48~2.14倍。结论 媒体医药信息对居民自我诊疗行为产生明显影响,政府应加大信息发布的审批和监管力度,减少居民不合理用药的行为。     

盘锦市2013-2014年呼吸道症候群病原学分析

目的 了解辽宁盘锦市发热呼吸道症候群的病原普构成,对临床诊断、治疗与预防提供依据。方法 采集2013-2014年盘锦市中心医院呼吸道临床患者标本,运用荧光定量PCR技术进行检测。结果 150份样品中,检出12种病原核酸共76份,检出率为50.7%,多重感染占14.5%(11/76)。流感病毒16例(10.7%),肺炎链球菌13例(8.7%),金黄色葡萄球菌9例(6.0%),腺病毒8例(5.3%),鼻病毒7例(4.7%),肺炎支原体6例(4.0%),副流感病毒6例(4.0%),合胞病毒3例(2.0%),冠状病毒3例(2.0%),流感嗜血杆菌2例(1.3%),偏肺病毒2例(1.2%),肺炎支原体1例(0.7%)。结论 构成盘锦地区呼吸道感染病原种类繁多,主要以流感病毒、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、腺病毒为主,在监测月份中,呼吸道感染均高位流行。     

胫前黏液水肿

患者男,40岁. 主诉:头晕、头痛、心悸伴多汗、乏力3年,双下肢出现结节、肿块2年余. 现病史:患者2年前双下肢胫前皮肤肿胀,出现肿块、结节,伴有轻度疼痛及瘙痒,于2007年9月20日至我科就诊.3年前患甲状腺功能亢进症,一直未接受正规治疗.     

并发肺转移的头面部血管肉瘤

报告1例并发肺转移的头面部血管肉瘤.患者男,81岁.头面部出现多发性紫红色丘疹、结节和斑块10个月.皮损组织病理学检查:真皮梭形细胞增生,形成不规则管腔.免疫组化染色示CD31、Ⅷ因子、CD34阳性.患者近3个月出现胸闷,胸部X线及CT检查见肺内有多发性结节影.提示右肺内和左胸膜下肿瘤转移可能,最后诊断为头面部血管肉瘤并发肺转移.     

血管生成素样蛋白-2在急性冠脉综合征患者中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清中促炎性因子血管生成素样蛋白-2(Angptl-2)的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)检测182例ACS患者和30例对照组血清中Angptl-2、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)水平,通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清Angptl-2水平对ACS的诊断价值。人重组Angptl-2蛋白干预人冠状动脉内皮细胞(HCAEC)后,采用蛋白印迹法检测内皮细胞IL-6及ICAM-1的表达。结果:ACS患者血清中Angptl-2、IL-6及sICAM-1水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.001),且急性心肌梗死患者显著高于不稳定型心绞痛患者(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析提示Angptl-2水平对ACS具有良好的诊断价值(曲线下面积为0.970),最佳诊断界值为5.77 ng/mL(敏感度为91.8%,特异度为93.3%,P<0.001)。人重组Angptl-2蛋白干预HCAEC后,内皮细胞IL-6及ICAM-1蛋白表达均上调(P<0.05)。结论:Angptl-2促进...     

RNA Interference-Mediated Knockdown of Bombyx mori Haemocyte-Specific Cathepsin L (Cat L)-Like Cysteine Protease Gene Increases Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki Toxicity and Reproduction in Insect Cadavers

The silkworm’s Cat L-like gene, which encodes a lysosomal cathepsin L-like cysteine protease, is thought to be part of the insect’s innate immunity via an as-yet-undetermined mechanism. Assuming that the primary function of Cat L-like is microbial degradation in mature phagosomes, we hypothesise that the suppression of the Cat L-like gene expression would increase Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteraemia and toxicity in knockdown insects. Here, we performed a functional analysis of Cat L-like in larvae that were fed mulberry leaves contaminated with a commercial biopesticide formulation based on Bt kurstaki (Btk) (i.e., Dipel) to investigate its role in insect defence against a known entomopathogen. Exposure to sublethal doses of Dipel resulted in overexpression of the Cat L-like gene in insect haemolymph 24 and 48 h after exposure. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated suppression of Cat L-like expression significantly increased the toxicity of Dipel to exposed larvae. Moreover, Btk replication was higher in RNAi insects, suggesting that Cat L-like cathepsin may be involved in a bacterial killing mechanism of haemocytes. Finally, our results confirm that Cat L-like protease is part of the antimicrobial defence of insects and suggest that it could be used as a target to increase the insecticidal efficacy of Bt-based biopesticides.     

Research on depression in Parkinson disease: A bibliometric and visual analysis of studies published during 2012–2021

Background:The diagnosis and treatment rate of Parkinson disease (PD) with depression has a low diagnostic rate, and there is no consensus on the choice of treatment mode. This study evaluates the global research trends of scientific outputs related to depression in PD from multiple perspectives, using a bibliometric analysis and visualization tool to scientifically analyze the knowledge from the literature.Methods:Literature related to depression in PD published from 2012 to 2021 was included and selected from the Web of Science Core Collection database in October 2021. CiteSpace software was used to visualize and analyze co-occurrence analyses for countries, institutions, authors, and keywords.Results:A total of 4533 articles from the Web of Science database were included. The United States made the largest contribution with the majority of publications (1215; 29.40%). Toronto University was the most productive institution. PD, depression, quality of life, dementia, nonmotor symptom, prevalence, anxiety, Alzheimer disease, symptom, and disorder would be significantly correlated with depression in PD. The current hot spots in this field focus on the following: risk factors for depression in PD, assessment scale of depression in PD, and rehabilitation of depression in PD.Conclusions:This analysis not only reveals the current research trends and hotspots but also provides some instructive suggestions on the development of depression in PD.     

急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿并发后部可逆性脑病综合征的护理

对13例急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗后并发后部可逆性脑病综合征患儿,给予镇静止痉、降颅压、控制血压、抗癫痫、纠正电解质失衡及停止使用化疗药等处理.护理中密切观察病情,协助早期诊断;做好抽搐发作、意识障碍、血压改变、视觉障碍、语言障碍和并发症的观察与护理.经治疗与护理,13例患儿临床症状恢复正常,1例患儿视力损害未恢复.     

新时代下医学影像本科人才培养模式的改革与实践

新时代下医学模式发生极大转变,对医学影像技术人才知识、素质、能力等方面也提出了更高的要求。培养适应学科发展、德才兼备、具有国际竞争力的高素质人才已成为影像技术教育面临的重大课题。天津医科大学充分利用学校医学影像学学科临床、科研优势带动影像技术学科发展,对影像技术人才培养模式进行了改革与实践,取得了较好的效果。