Antioxidant and Anticlastogenic Capacity of Prickly Pear Juice

Plants belonging to the genus Opuntia spp. are the most abundant of the Cactaceae family, grown throughout America and the Mediterranean central area. Its fruit, known as cactus pear or prickly pear, is an oval berry grouped in different colors. Some studies have shown its antioxidant activities which may help in preventing chronic pathologies such as diabetes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of three varieties of prickly pear juice (red-purple, white-green and yellow-orange) in five different concentrations (100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/mL) by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) colorimetric method, selecting the best variety to determine its anticlastogenic potential against methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). The results indicate that the highest antioxidant was found in the juice of the prickly pear red-purple variety (PPRP), in all concentrations. Its anticlastogenic potential was therefore evaluated with a micronucleus assay. The experiment was run over two weeks. A negative control was included along with a positive control with MMS (40 mg/kg), a group of mice treated with PPRP (25 mL/kg), and three groups with PPRP (in doses of 25, 16.5 and 8.3 mL/kg) plus the mutagen. The PPRP was administered daily by oral gavage and the MMS was injected intraperitoneally five days prior to the end of the experiment. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in order to determine the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPE). The results indicated that PPRP is not a genotoxic agent, on the contrary, it may reduce the number of MNPE. In this regard, the PPRP showed an anticlastogenic effect directly proportional to its concentrations. Thus, the highest protection was obtained with a concentration of 25 mL/kg after 48 h of treatment.     

针刺治疗肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞后综合征的疗效观察

目的 :探讨针刺法治疗肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞后综合征的临床疗效。方法 :采用针刺内关、足三里等穴位治疗肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞后综合征 36例 ,设西药恩丹西酮等为对照组 ,观察两组的临床疗效。结果 :治疗组有效率为 97 2 % ,对照组有效率为 95 2 % ,两组有效率之间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;但两组临床显效率之间差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :治疗组临床显效率优于对照组 ,且见效快 ,无毒副作用     

原发性纵隔肿瘤68例临床分析

目的探讨纵隔肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗方法。方法对68例纵隔肿瘤的临床资料进行分析。结果3例进行非手术治疗，进行手术治疗的65例除2例死于呼吸衰竭外，其余手术病人均痊愈出院。非手术治疗的3例患者中1例死于呼吸衰竭。另2例放弃治疗。结论纵隔肿瘤的诊断主要依靠X线检查，手术切除是治疗纵隔肿瘤的有效方法，手术切口的选择主要根据病变部位而定，上腔静脉阻塞综合症的处理是纵隔手术治疗的难点。     

重庆市渝中区老年人社区卫生需求及就医行为调查

目的 了解重庆市渝中区老年人口的社区卫生服务需求状况和就医行为,分析其影响因素,为进一步推进分级诊疗提供依据.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取重庆市渝中区4个街道社区卫生服务中心410名60岁及以上于2015年6月就诊的老年人,通过问卷调查其人口学基本信息、社区卫生服务认知和需求、医疗费用、就医行为等并进行分析.结果 获得有效问卷402份,有效率为98.05％.402名老年人中,76.37％患病后首选社区卫生服务中心就诊;患冠心病、在社区卫生服务中心的候诊时间、每个月的医疗支出费用、社区卫生服务中心的设施和环境,以及是否用医疗保险支付费用成为影响老年人就医行为的主要因素.结论 社区卫生服务中心应充分利用自身方便快捷的优势,根据不同病种和需求的患者,提供相应的特色服务,同时增加公共卫生投入,提高综合诊疗水平,从根本上改变患者的就医习惯.     

PSA-NCAM immunoreactivity in chandelier cell axon terminals of the human temporal cortex

In the adult central nervous system, the expression of polysialylated forms of the cell-surface glycoprotein NCAM (PSA-NCAM) is thought to be confined to areas particularly susceptible to plastic changes. In the present study, PSA-NCAM was found to be expressed in the somata, dendrites and axonal processes of some neurons, including cartridge-like elements, which according to our criteria, were identified as chandelier cell axon terminals (chandelier terminals), in the adult human entorhinal cortex and neocortex. These chandelier terminals were very numerous in layers II and III, whereas in deeper layers they were found only occasionally. Double immunocytochemical staining for PSA-NCAM with parvalbumin (PV), with GABA transporter (GAT-1) or with the 5-HT(1A) serotonin receptor allowed us to verify them as true chandelier terminals. Nearly all (92-95%) PV-immunoreactive (-ir) and GAT-1-ir chandelier terminals in layers II and III coexpressed PSA-NCAM. Most of the PSA-NCAM-ir chandelier terminals (89-98%) were also labeled for PV and GAT-1. The results suggest that chandelier terminals in layers II and III of the human entorhinal cortex and temporal neocortex might be particularly susceptible to plastic changes.     

慢性精囊炎的介入治疗

目的 :探讨超声引导下经会阴精囊穿刺置管滴注抗生素在治疗慢性精囊炎中的价值。　方法 :4 2例血精症病人 ,均行直肠超声检查 ,其中 2例行超声引导下经会阴穿刺活检 ,5例行尿道镜检查 ,余 35例炎症性血精症采用超声引导下经会阴精囊穿刺滴注抗生素治疗。　结果 :35例炎症性血精症 (其中 17例合并前列腺炎 ) ,采用超声引导下经会阴精囊穿刺滴注抗生素治疗后 32例血精消失 (91.4 3% )。　结论 :超声引导下经会阴精囊穿刺和经导管滴注抗生素是一种诊断和治疗慢性精囊炎有效的方法。