99Tcm-MIBI动力学变化与大鼠缺血-再灌注心肌存活的相关性研究

目的探讨用99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)动力学变化评价心肌存活的价值.方法15只离体Krebs-Henseleit(KH)液灌注的鼠心脏,随机分成3组对照组(5只),有葡萄糖的缺血-再灌注组(IR+G组,5只),无葡萄糖的缺血-再灌注组(IR-G组,5只).用含99Tcm-MIBI(14.8MBq)的KH液灌注,观察40min的摄取和清除.用肌酸激酶(CK)分析、氯化三苯四唑(TTC)染色和透射电镜(TEM)分析研究心肌损伤程度,用放射自显影(ARG)观察99Tcm-MIBI在心肌内的分布.结果99Tcm-MIBI的摄取[每克组织百分注射剂量率(%ID/g)]在IR+G组为(7.09±0.97)%ID/g,IR-G组为(6.64±0.68)%ID/g,对照组为(11.44±1.79)%ID/g,IR-G组与IR+G组相比摄取量差异无显著性(P＞0.05),IR-G组和IR+G组与对照组相比均显著降低(P＜0.05).IR-G组99m-MIBI清除分数为(72.75±9.89)%,远高于对照组[(20.68±1.92)%]和IR+G组[(21.03±3.68)%,P均＜0.05],对照组与IR+G组的差异无显著性.99Tcm-MIBI的40min清除末滞留率在IR-G组[(1.82±0.73)%ID/g]和IR+G组[(5.61±0.89)%ID/g]远小于对照组[(9.09±1.57)%ID/g,P＜0.05],IR-G组也远小于IR+G组(P＜0.001).CK分析、TFC染色和TEM分析证明IR-G组比IR+G组有更多的心肌损伤.通过TTC染色(r=0.84,P＜0.05)和CK分析(r=-0.97,P＜0.05)确定最终99Tcm-MIBI的活度与存活心肌量高度相关,通过ARG证实99Tcm-MIBI分布于鼠心肌细胞及间质内(光镜下).结论99Tcm-MIBI的清除对代谢状态敏感,可用于评价进行性心肌损伤.     

MR Findings of Intrathecal Chemotherapy-Related Myelopathy in Two Cases: Mimicker of Subacute Combined Degeneration

We report the findings of spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 2 patients who had undergone intrathecal chemotherapy and presented with the subacute onset of ascending numbness and weakness. MRI revealed a symmetric hyperintensity at the posterior columns of the spinal cord from the lower cervical region down to the conus medullaris level on T2-weighted images, and no abnormal enhancement. The imaging findings are similar to those seen in subacute combined degeneration (SCD), but the serum vitamin B(12) levels were normal in these 2 cases.     

植物雌激素与前列腺癌及良性前列腺增生

植物雌激素是一类广泛分布于各类植物中的结构与雌激素相似并具有弱雌激素及抗雄激素活性的天然活性物质。PCa与BPH是雄激素依赖性及与年龄相关的疾病,近年来流行病学调查和实验研究均表明植物雌激素对PCa与BPH有防治作用。其机制可能与植物雌激素对性激素的调节、对细胞增生的抑制、诱导细胞凋亡及抗氧化作用等有关。     

De Novo Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Following Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly recognized clinico-pathologic entity typically associated with obesity, type II diabetes and hyperlipidemia. It has been noted to recur after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We report four patients who developed de novo NAFLD within 3 months of OLT without the typical predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus or obesity. Three of the four patients underwent OLT for hepatitis C-related cirrhosis, and the other for alcoholic cirrhosis. Examination of the liver explants revealed no evidence of steatosis. No surreptitious alcohol use or a drug-induced process could be identified in these patients. Treatment of recurrent hepatitis C infection in one patient with interferon and ribavirin led to sustained suppression of the viral RNA to undetectable levels, but no improvement in histology or liver enzymes. All four patients had histologic evidence of preservation injury on the initial post-OLT biopsies, but the significance of this finding in relationship to the development of NAFLD is unknown. NAFLD can develop without any of the known predisposing conditions after transplantation, and this raises further questions about the pathogenesis of this condition .     

哮喘患者团体辅导实践与体会

结合临床实践,重点介绍作为心理干预形式之一的团体辅导在哮喘患者中的应用情况,包括实施方案、过程、所遇问题及处理等方面。笔者旨在验证、推广团体辅导这一有效改善哮喘患者情绪的心理干预方法,为提高哮喘患者生活质量的临床实践活动提供参考。     

糖皮质激素及异烟肼预防食管碱性腐蚀伤后瘢痕狭窄的实验研究

实验家犬采用Ｄａｖｉｓ食管碱性腐蚀伤模型，结果显示：甲基强的松龙治疗组，狭窄段食管的管径和食管的顺应性均明显大于对照组，而胶原含量及图象分析瘢痕组织中胶原纤维的密度均显著低于对照组，表明甲基强的松龙确有控制食管腐蚀伤后瘢痕狭窄的作用。但异烟肼组所测得的上述指标，均显著优于甲基强的松龙组，说明异烟肼预防食管腐蚀伤后瘢痕狭窄的效果优于甲基强的松龙，且其不良反应小，可以长期应用。无论甲基强的松龙或异烟肼，如同时应用青霉素均可加强治疗效果。     

Concentric sclerosis (Baló): Morphometric and in situ hybridization study of lesions in six patients

Brain tissues from 6 patients with concentric sclerosis (Baló) were examined by in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, morphometry, and histological methods. The patients were 24 to 48 years old and had progressive cerebral symptoms and signs that lasted 15 to 100 days. Large demyelinative lesions, most frequent in the frontal white matter, contained alternating bands of demyelinated and partly myelinated white matter that were arranged in concentric or mosaic patterns. In the areas of demyelination, axons were relatively well preserved and there were perivascular inflammatory infiltrates. In 2 specimens, lesions contained regions with the characteristic appearance of actively demyelinating multiple sclerosis plaques. Oligodendroglial densities were highest in normal-appearing white matter, lower in partially myelinated areas, and lowest in demyelinated areas, which also contained many hypertrophic astrocytes closely associated with oligodendroglia. Messenger RNA levels for myelin-related proteins followed the same pattern; they were lowest in demyelinated areas, higher in partially myelinated areas, and highest in normal-appearing white matter beyond lesion margins. Our findings suggest that concentric sclerosis is a variant of multiple sclerosis, that oligodendroglial loss is important in the pathogenesis of demyelination, and that partially myelinated areas probably represent stages of ongoing myelin breakdown rather than remyelination of previously demyelinated areas.     

成人全唾液与血浆中醛固酮含量测定

本文采用直接放射免疫测定法,固定条件,按标准程序测得30名正常成人全唾液及血浆中的醛固酮(Aldosterone,Aldo)浓度。均值唾液为6.6±1.9nmol/L,血浆为32.5±8.0nmol/L,两者呈平行关系(r=0.4,P<0.05,=11.29+0.79X),浓度比平均为20.2％。结果进一步证实唾液作为临床测定Aldo标本的有效性与实用性,有助于对一些全身及口腔疾病进行诊断及估计预后,并可据以评价皮质类固醇治疗效果及用药的合理性。