Tumorigenicity of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, its hydroxy-methylated derivatives and selected dihydrodiols in the newborn mouse

The newborn mouse lung adenoma model has been shown to be asensitive test for studying the tumor-igenicity of bay regiondiol epoxides and their precursor dihydrodiols. When a totaldose of 28 nmol of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) orits derivatives was injected i.p. into the preweaning mice,it was found that the 3, 4-dihydrodiols of both DMBA and 7-hy-droxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracenecaused 13.3 and 4.1 times more lung adenomas than DMBA, respectively.The mice treated with the 5, 6- and 8, 9-dihydro-diols of DMBA,7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]-anthracene and its 5, 6- 8,9-and 10,11-dihydrodiols, 7-methyl-12-hydroxymethylbenz[a]an-thraceneand 7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene developed a levelof lung adenomas/mouse less than Mold higher than that foundin the DMSO-treated control group. Liver tumors also developedin some of the mice. The percentage of mice with liver tumorsalso indicated that the 3, 4-dihydrodiols of both DMBA and 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracenewere more tumorigenic than DMBA itself. These data indicatethat the 3, 4-dihydrodiols of both DMBA and its 7-hydroxymethylderivative may be proximate carcinogenic metabolites of DMBAin the newborn mouse.     

银康颗粒剂治疗银屑病252例疗效观察

目的:观察纯中药制剂银康颗粒剂治疗银屑病的,临床疗效及治疗前后患者血粘度的变化。方法:将382例患者随机分为2组,治疗组252例应用银康颗粒剂治疗,对照组130例应用复方青黛胶囊治疗;对治疗组部分病例(212例)治疗前后血粘度指标进行观察。结果:治疗组治愈148例,好转82例,未愈22例,总有效率为91.12％;对照组治愈51例,好转46例,未愈33例,总有效率为74.62％,2组总有效率比较,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。治疗组患者治疗前后全血粘度差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),血浆粘度差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:风邪外袭、血虚生风、气滞血瘀是致病的主要原因。治疗应以清热祛风与养血活血并举。     

黄芪注射液临床应用进展

目的：对黄芪注射液临床应用及其疗效进行综述。方法：通过查阅近期国内部分期刊杂志，对黄芪注射液在肺心病、老年肺结核、脑中风、冠心病、流行性出血热、病毒性心肌炎、甲亢、肝病及肾病等临床应用新进展进行综述。结果：黄芪注射液辅助治疗上述疾病疗效满意。结论：黄芪注射液是治疗心脑血管疾病、肾病、肝病等的有效药物。     

Acute fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis]

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical presentation, diagnostic criterion and treatment principle of acute fulminant invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AFFS). METHODS: Six patients were diagnosed as AFFS based on history, nose, especially eye symptoms with or without fever, sinus CT and MRI, endoscopic and cytological findings in the nasal cavity. Surgical debridement was performed on 5 of 6 biopsy proven AFFS patients, one of them being amputated of the orbital content. With the original disease controlled simultaneously, 4 of 5 patients were prescribed with systemic amphotericin B or liposomal amphotericin B (1 case) and one with Itraconazole orally. One patient had not been involved with any of the anti-fungi measures. RESULT: Mucor (Zygomycetes) was identified on culture in 1 patient, Rhizopus species in 2, Aspergillus in 1, Alternaria in 1 and mixed Mucor and Rhizopus in 1. All patients were proved of tissue invasion histopathologically through biopsy. One patient died without any anti-fungi therapy on the 7th admission day, 3 patients survived for 88 days, 32 and 6 months respectively and died of original diseases (diabetes 1, leukaemia 2). One patient survived 9 months and lost for follow-up, 1 patient survived 11 months after treatment. CONCLUSION: A high index of suspicion and early endoscopic investigation through nasal cavity with fungal investigation should highly be strengthened for recognition of this disease. MRI findings should be considered as, or even more, important as that of CT scan on the early diagnoses. Extensive and aggressive surgical debridement, prompt and enough dosage of antifungal therapy intravenously, together with serious controlling of the underlying disease, all take important roles in the complete control of the disease.     

放射性核素介入治疗脑瘤的初步观察

目的　探讨放射性核素3 2 P或198Au介入治疗恶性脑瘤的方法和疗效。方法　介入方法A是术间将放射性核素均匀撒布于残腔壁上 ,B是术中残腔内放置Omaya囊 ,再注入放射性核素 ,3 2 P治疗 7例 ,198Au治疗 1例。结果　症状改善、平稳 ,无严重并发症 ,生存期延长。结论　放射性核素介入治疗脑瘤值得推广应用。     

氯氮平在体内代谢与细胞色素P450 1A2-2964位点多态性的关系

目的：探讨氯氮平在精神分裂症患者体内代谢和细胞色素P450 1A2－2964位点多态性关系，指导临床对不同患者合理使用氯氮平。方法：采用固定剂量给药，用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定血药浓度，用限制性片段长度多态性（RFLPs）分析基因型。结果：吸烟组和非吸烟组之间比较，吸烟组血浆氯氮平浓度低，去甲氯氮平／氯氮平比值高（P＜0．05，P＜0．01），P450 1A2-2964位点等位基因G的频率为0．75，A的频率为0．25，在非吸烟患者中，去甲氯氮平／氯氮平在w/w基因型与非w/w基因型(w/m m/m)之间无显著的统计学意义（P＞0．05），在吸烟患者中，w/w基因型去甲氯氮平／氯氮平要高于非w/w基因型（P＜0．05），在吸烟患者和非吸烟患者中w/w基因型之间比较，吸烟患者的去氯氮平／氯氮平明显高于非吸烟患者（P＜0．01）；而非w/w基因型之间无显著的统计学意义（P＞0．05），结论：吸烟能诱导P450 1A2的活性。P450 12-2964位点等位基因均为G（w/w)时诱导能力最强，发生G→A突变时，诱导能力降低，分析患者P450 1A2 G－2964A的多态性，对合理使用氯氮平有意义。     

深圳市孕妇地中海贫血产前筛查及产前诊断

目的：调查深圳市孕妇地中海贫血发病率、基因突变类型，对高风险胎儿进行产前诊断。方法：1998年1月至2002年12月采用二步法对产前检查的4136例孕妇进行地中海贫血筛查。结果：检出地中海贫血阳性病例297例，发病率7．18％，其中。地中海贫血阳性病例172例，发病率4．16％；β地中海贫血阳性病例125例，发病率3．02％。229例被确定了基因型。对19对夫妇均为地中海贫血携带者胎儿进行产前基因诊断，确定正常胎儿3例，α1地中海贫血杂合子4例，β地中海贫血杂合子8例，Bart‘S水肿胎儿2例，β地中海贫血双重杂合子2例。结论：通过产前筛查地中海贫血，确诊重症患儿及时终止妊娠，可有效地避免重症患儿的出生。     

镇静催眠药依赖性失眠临床特征与从肝论治分析

为研究镇静催眠药依赖性失眠患者的临床特征，通过对670例服用镇静催眠药的失眠症患者的调查。发现此类患者的主要证候除睡不安稳外，还伴有头昏胀痛、心烦意乱、口干或口苦等十大症状；苯二氮卓类仍然是当今临床医师最常用的镇静催眠药，绝大部分患者对这些药品有依赖性；从肝论治法能在改善患者睡眠的同时，递减药量。     

食管肉瘤样癌临床病理和免疫组化分析

目的 :观察食管肉瘤样癌 (sar comatoidcarcinoma ,SC)的临床病理特点和免疫组织化学表达 ,探讨其可能的组织起源。方法 :采用光镜观察和免疫组化标记 ,对 4例食管SC进行回顾性研究。结果 :SC多见于 5 0岁以上的男性。主要症状为进行性吞咽困难和胸骨后疼痛。肿瘤多呈息肉样或蕈样 ,表现为癌和梭形细胞肉瘤双相形态特征 ,癌和肉瘤组织相互之间可见移行过渡。免疫组化 ,4例SC中的癌成分对上皮性标记物CK和EMA均呈阳性表达 ,对间叶性标记物Vimentin表达阳性 1例 ;肉瘤成分Vimentin表达阳性 3例 ,弱阳性 1例 ,部分瘤细胞S 10 0蛋白表达阳性 2例 ,SMA阳性 1例 ;同时对CK或EMA表达阳性各 1例。结论 :食管SC是一种不同于食管其他型癌的少见的恶性肿瘤 ,肉瘤样癌细胞的双重形态表象可能是癌细胞多向转化的结果     

人单核巨噬细胞泡沫化抑制剂筛选模型的建立及应用

目的: 建立人单核巨噬细胞泡沫化抑制剂筛选模型,筛选得到可抑制细胞泡沫化的抑制剂.方法: U937单核细胞经100 nmol·L-1佛波酯(PMA)诱导72 h分化为巨噬细胞后,换无血清培养液于96孔板中,每毫升含巨噬细胞1×106个,每孔再加入80 mg·L-1氧化的低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL),37 ℃培养48 h,建立单核巨噬细胞泡沫化模型.利用微生物发酵液,或单一的化合物样品与其共孵育,油红.染色后观察细胞胞内变化,寻找对泡沫细胞形成有抑制作用的样品.利用基因工程技术表达的人清道夫受体A类II型的胞外部分,在本模型中可抑制巨噬细胞泡沫化的形成,进一步验证了模型的可行性.结果: 从2000 个微生物发酵液中筛选到6株微生物发酵液为阳性,从10个化合物中发现一个有抑制巨噬细胞泡沫化活性的新化合物.结论: 本模型可用于细胞泡沫化抑制剂的高通量筛选.