阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的MRI研究

目的：探讨磁共振成像（MRI）对确定阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）病人阻塞部位的作用。方法：通过对35例OSAHS男性患者行多导睡眠仪、MRI及纤维喉镜检查配合Muller’s运动检查（FEMM）、同时对30例男性健康人的上呼吸道进行MRI检查，将两者检查结果进行比较，判定OSAHS患者上呼吸道狭窄的部位及狭窄程度，客观评价MRI对检查OSAHS患者的应用价值。结果：OSAHS患者的上呼吸道截面积明显小于健康人，轻度OSAHS患者多存在腭咽平面狭窄；中重度组OSAHA患者大部分所有平面都存在狭窄，但中度组以腭咽狭窄较明显，而重度组所有平面均存在较明显的狭窄，这种狭窄主要是由于口咽部周围软组织增生及软腭过长、肥厚及舌根宽大、肥厚所致。结论：MRI检查可判定OSAHS患者上呼吸道狭窄的部位及狭窄程度，有助于治疗方案的选择，对预估手术疗效具有重要的意义。     

柯萨奇B4病毒非结构蛋白P2C重组质粒的构建

目的：构建柯萨奇B4病毒非结构蛋白P2C重组质粒。方法：用RT-PCR技术，从柯萨奇B4病毒中钓取非结构蛋白P2C cDNA片段，克隆入PUCan-T载体，转化大肠杆菌DH5α，构建重组质粒。结果：以柯萨奇B4病毒的总RNA为模板，扩增出987bp大小的片段，克隆入PUCan-T载体，用BamHⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切鉴定，与非结构蛋白P2C的PCR扩增产物片段大小一致。结论：成功地构建了柯萨奇B4病毒非结构蛋白P2C重组质粒。     

Variable Regions 1 and 2 (VR1 and VR2) in JSRV gag Are Not Responsible for the Endogenous JSRV Particle Release Defect

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is a betaretrovirus causing ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a transmissible lung tumor of sheep. A very closely related endogenous retrovirus (enJSRV) occurs as 15 to 20 copies in the genome of all sheep, and is not known to be linked to pathogenesis. We previously localized a particle release defect of the full-length endogenous-derived expression construct pCMV2enJS56A1 to the amino-terminal region of gag that incorporates the two variable regions VR1 and VR2, which harbor the main sequence differences between endogenous and exogenous JSRV in this part of gag. Here, we tested the hypothesis that either or both of these variable regions are responsible for the observed particle release defect in enJS56A1. We found that the PPPPPPPS motif of the exogenous VR1 is neither necessary nor sufficient for particle release. Furthermore, the precise substitution of VR1 and VR2 in the exogenous JSRV expression plasmid pCMV2JS ₂₁, using their enJS56A1-derived counterparts, did not abrogate the ability of the resulting constructs to release particles. The particle release defect of enJS56A1 is therefore not determined exclusively by either VR1 or VR2. These results point to a small number of amino acids lying outside of VR1 and VR2 that may be responsible for the particle defect of enJS56A1 Gag.     

汽车驾驶员模拟精神负荷与心率变异性的相关性分析

汽车驾驶员精神负荷状态下的心率变异性分析对于揭示驾驶员职业应激特点,预防驾驶员职业疾病,保护驾驶员身体健康及提高行驶安全性有重要意义.本文在实验室条件下采用警惕任务代替驾驶员实际精神负荷,应用功率谱分析研究了模拟应激状态下心率变异性(TP,LF,HF,LF/HF)的变化趋势.本实验中,心率变异性频域主要指标如LF、HF、LF/HF表现出显著的线性趋势.结果表明,健康人在持续应激状态下,交感神经张力显著增加,迷走神经张力显著降低.实验结果表明HRV与精神疲劳具有较好的相关性.     

颞下颌关节与颅面指标的计算机相关及回归分析

本文用计算机分析统计了118例(236侧)颞下颌关节的12项骨性指标及10项颅面指标的正常值及相关关系。结果表明颞下颌关节各项指标之间、颞下颌关节与颅面各主要指标之间,均存在良好的相关关系。说明颞下颌关节,特别是关节窝和髁突的形态大小具有明显的规律性。由于颅面诸指标与颞下颌关节主要指标之间高度相关,因而本文用逐步回归方法,建立了由颅面特征指标推算髁突形态的回归方程。本文的结果可为该关节的形态研究及人工关节的设计和应用提供有益的依据。     

Significant HLA-A02 allelic variation revealed in chinese and caucasian populations

HLA-A2 subtypes (A^*0201 - ^*0212) were determined by oligotyping in HLA-A2 positive samples from four populations (Han Chinese, Dai Chinese, Caucasoids from Germany and Turkish individuals from Kayseri)(see table).

Two different findings can be concluded from this study: 1) Significant HLA-A^*02 allelic variations found in four populations. A^*0207 is the predominant A^*02 allele in the Dai population and absent in the German Caucasian and the Turkish population. In contrast, A^*0201 is the most prevalent allele in the Caucasian, Turkish and Han Chinese group. We also found a high proportion of A^*0206 and A^*0207 in Han Chinese. 2) A strong association has been found between A^*0207 and HLA-B46 and DR9 in the Dai minority population. This haplotype is also found in Han Chinese. Three DNA samples from Turkish and one from the Dai population are presently being sequenced because the reaction pattern was out of the expected (Supported by SFB 217)     

The catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase directly inhibits sodium channel activities in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes

We investigated the effects of the purified catalytic subunit (C subunit) of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) on the cardiac Na⁺ channel currents. Single Na⁺ channel currents in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes were recorded using the patch clamp technique of the inside-out configuration. Application of C subunit decreased the peak average current and slowed the current decay, effects which were caused by decrease in the open probability of Na⁺ channels and increase in the first latency, whereas the unitary current amplitude and mean open times were not affected. We conclude that the cardiac Na⁺ channel is directly modulated by phosphorylation process through A-kinase.     

早期鼠胚简化双针取样法

为建立早期胚胎活检的动物模型，以安全高效地开展人类的植入前遗传学诊断，应用显微操作技术，对发育到8细胞期的小鼠胚胎进行了透明带溶洞吸取单个卵裂球的研究。结果表明：简化组的胚胎活检时间显著缩短，而胚胎完整率及单个卵裂球的完整率与传统组无明显差别。对照和两实验组胚胎在体外培养过程中均出现不同程度的胚胎发育延迟现象。活检后胚胎桑椹胚的发育率较对照组显著降低，但三组胚胎的出生率和生后三周仔鼠的体重无显著性差别，提示简化组的胚胎活检是安全而高效的，因而为开展人类的早期胚胎活检提供了方法学的参考。     

雌激素对卵巢摘除大鼠心内神经节细胞Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响

本实验建立了去卵巢和雌激素替代疗法动物模型,用免疫组织化学SABC法结合图象分析方法,观察大鼠心内神经节细胞中Bcl-2和Bax的变化,探讨雌激素对卵巢摘除大鼠心内神经节细胞中Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响。去卵巢(OVX)大鼠心内神经节细胞中Bcl-2的表达较正常对照组明显减弱(P<0.05),雌激素替代治疗组大鼠心内神经节中Bcl-2的表达与正常对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),而较卵巢摘除组显著增高(P<0.05);卵巢摘除后同时给予特异性雌激素受体阻断剂(TAM)和17β-雌二醇(OVX+TAM+ERT)组大鼠心内神经节中Bcl-2的表达较正常对照组显著减弱(P<0.05),但与OVX组无显著性差异(P>.05)。各组中Bax的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)。实验结果提示雌激素能上调大鼠心内神经节细胞中Bcl-2的表达,但对Bax的表达无影响。     

女性经前期复发性阿弗他溃疡患者血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α和sICAM-1的含量变化及其意义

目的:研究女性经前期复发性阿弗他溃疡(经前期RAU)患者血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)的变化状况, 并探讨经前期RAU的发病机制。方法:用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法(ELISA)检测女性经前期RAU患者外周血中IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、sICAM-1的水平, 与正常对照组和无经前发作规律的女性RAU对照组相比。结果:经前期RAU患者的血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平不仅显著高于正常对照组(P＜0.01), 而且高于女性RAU对照组(P＜0.01)。而sICAM-1无明显变化。女性RAU患者血清中TNF-α亦高于正常对照组(P＜0.05)。结论:经前期RAU患者体内存在IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α介导的免疫功能异常, 可能对RAU局部损害起作用。