Attempted suicide in bipolar disorder pedigrees: evidence for linkage to 2p12.

BACKGROUND: We are interested in identifying susceptibility genes that predispose subjects to attempted suicide. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of genome-wide linkage data from 162 bipolar pedigrees that incorporated attempted suicide as a clinical covariate. RESULTS: The strongest covariate-based linkage signal was seen on 2p12 at marker D2S1777. The logarithm of odds (LOD) score at marker D2S1777 rose from 1.56 to 3.82 after inclusion of the suicide covariate, resulting in significant chromosome-wide empirically derived p-values for the overall linkage finding (p = .01) and for the change in LOD score after the inclusion of the covariate (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS: The finding on chromosome 2 replicates results from two previous studies of attempted suicide in pedigrees with alcohol dependence and in pedigrees with recurrent early-onset depression. Combined, these three studies provide compelling evidence for a locus influencing attempted suicide on 2p12.     

瞬目反射及脑干听觉诱发电位对脑干梗死疗效的评价

目的探讨瞬目反射和脑干听觉诱发电位对脑干梗死患者疗效的评价作用。方法40例经临床症状、体征定位于脑干髓内并经头部MRI检查明确诊断的脑干梗死患者(脑桥梗死31例、中脑梗死4例和延髓梗死5例),分别计算治疗前后瞬目反射各成分的平均潜伏期;观察脑干听觉诱发电位波形及各波潜伏期、峰间期的变化。结果经治疗后40例患者临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善,治疗前后瞬目反射各成分平均潜伏期之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3例脑桥梗死患者R1波恢复正常,临床基本痊愈。治疗前后脑干听觉诱发电位各波潜伏期及峰间期比较,差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后中脑梗死及脑桥梗死患者各有2例恢复正常,临床症状明显好转。结论瞬目反射与脑干听觉诱发电位均能敏感地反映脑干功能的变化,与临床表现具有一致性,但在发病15d内大部分病例的电生理活动不能恢复正常。     

关节镜下可吸收半月板箭修复膝关节半月板损伤106例疗效观察

目的:观察总结关节镜下可吸收半月板箭修复损伤半月板的术后疗效及术后并发症。对象与方法:采用镜下可吸收半月板箭复位固定法,对106例患者的108个损伤半月板进行修复。通过症状、体征、Tegner和Lysholm评分对半月板缝合修复的临床效果及术后并发症进行了观察,对术后有明显症状、体征的患者进行了关节镜探查。结果:术后随访106例、1~9·5年(平均26±12·3个月)。Tegner评分术后(7·65±2·54)较术前(3·55±1·59)有显著性差异(P<0·001)。Lysholm评分术后(88·55±25·64)较术前(35·46±14·62)有显著性差异(P<0·001)。疗效优61只半月板,占56·5%;良35只半月板,占32·4%;可8只半月板,占7·4%;差4只半月板,占3·7%。总优良率为88·9%。对术后有症状和体征的14例患者进行关节镜再探查,发现4例未愈合,5例部分愈合。术后并发症包括半月板箭固定处的后关节囊刺痛5例。无严重的血管神经损伤,106例患者术后并发症总发生率4·72%。结论:关节镜下可吸收半月板箭修复半月板损伤手术成功率较高,术中和术后风险较小。     

Effect of AVP on brain edema following traumatic brain injury

Objective: To evaluate plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) level in patients with traumatic brain injury and investigate the role of AVP in the process of brain edema. Methods: A total of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were involved in our study. They were divided into two groups by Glasgow Coma Scale: severe traumatic brain injury group (STBI, GCS≤8) and moderate traumatic brain injury group ( MTBI, GCS >8). Samples of venous blood were collected in the morning at rest from 15 healthy volunteers (control group) and within 24 h after traumatic brain injury from these patients for AVP determinations by radioimmunoassay. The severity and duration of the brain edema were estimated by head CT scan. Results: plasma AVP levels (ng/L) were (mean±SD): control, 3. 06±1. 49; MTBI, 38. 12±7. 25; and STBI, 66. 61±17. 10. The plasma level of AVP was significantly increased within 24 h after traumatic brain injury and followed by the reduction of GCS, suggesting the deterioration of cerebral injury (P<0. 01). And the AVP level was correlated with the severity (STBI r =0.919, P < 0.01; MTBI r = 0.724, P < 0.01) and the duration of brain edema (STBI r = 0. 790, P < 0. 01; MTBI r = 0. 712, P<0.01). Conclusions: The plasma AVP level is closely associated with the severity of traumatic brain injury. AVP may play an important role in pathogenesis of brain edema after traumatic brain injury.     

化痰方、肝脾方抗大鼠脂肪肝模型作用机制的比较研究

目的 :探讨和比较化痰方、肝脾方抗大鼠脂肪肝模型作用机制。方法 :用高脂饮食联合四环素腹腔注射致大鼠脂肪肝模型 ,观察肝组织病理变化 ,检测肝功能 (ALT、AST)、血甘油三酯 (TG)、肝匀浆TG、游离脂肪酸 (FFA)、丙二醛 (MDA)的含量。并与正常组、东宝肝泰组对照。结果 :三个用药组的血清ALT、AST及肝匀浆FFA、TG、MDA均显著低于模型组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,并显示抗脂肪肝的作用强弱依次为 :肝脾组优于化痰组优于东宝组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :促进脂质代谢、抗脂质过氧化可能是化痰祛浊、疏肝健脾法治疗脂肪肝作用的主要机制     

溴脱氧尿苷免疫细胞化学方法显示鸡内耳毛细胞增殖活动

建立溴脱氧尿苷(bromodeoxyuridine,BrdU)免疫细胞化学方法显示增殖细咆.按100mg/kg剂量给鸡腹腔注射DNA合成的前体物质BrdU,6h后处死动物,取小肠组织制备石蜡切片,通过免疫细胞化学方法,成功地显示了小肠上皮细胞中的S期增殖细胞,将此法用于观察鸡内耳感觉上皮细胞的生理性再生状态,结果发现鸡前庭感觉上皮中存在着低水平的增殖活动。BrdU免疫细胞化学方法省时,无需特别防护,且定位准确,是显示增殖细胞的理想方法。     

选择性髂内动脉结扎与栓塞对盆腔血供的影响

目的：旨在探讨选择性髂内动脉结扎与栓塞两种方法对盆腔血供的影响。方法：将两组犬在膀胱上动脉分支以下之髂内动脉分别行结扎与栓塞，对比观察两组膀胱创面出血、盆腔动脉造影及盆腔脏器组织学变化，以确定其盆腔脏器的血供情况。结果：①结扎组膀胱创面出血明显大于栓塞组；②结扎组髂内动脉侧支循环建立时间明显早于且数目多于栓塞组；③两组盆腔脏器均未见缺血坏死。结论：栓塞组阻断髂内动脉侧支循环的数目多于结扎组，故对盆腔血供的影响大于结扎组。避免髂内动脉阻断范围过广可减少盆腔脏器缺血坏死的机会。     

核黄素等抗甲基苄基亚硝胺的致细胞突变作用

采用ＣＨＯ细胞ＨＧＰＲＴ位点突变测定系统观察了核黄素、尼克酰胺和锌等微量营养素对甲基苄基亚硝胺（ＭＢＮＡ）致细胞突变作用的影响。结果表明，在ＲＰＭＩ１６４０培养基中添加核黄素（２．６～１３．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或尼克酰胺（４０～１２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可显著抑制ＭＢＮＡ的致细胞突变作用。联合应用核黄素、尼克酰胺和锌效果更佳。提示：核黄素等微量营养素可能具有阻止细胞癌变的作用，为应用微量营养素干预治疗癌变过程提供了一定的理论依据。     

牙科用基托材料的溶出物分析

本文为预测聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)在口腔修复常规制备后．在体液中溶出情况，应用高速液相色谱仪，对义齿基托用PMMA材料．在甲醇中浸渍后主要溶出物甲基丙烯酸甲南(MMA)和过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)进行了分析探讨。实验证明采用高建液相色谱，以甲醇为模拟体液可快速、定量、正确地测出PMMA中残留MMA和BPO的溶出情况．从而预测PMMA义齿修复体初戴前浸入水后．在口腔中溶出MMA和BPO的作用较戴前处于干燥状态者更为适宜。