全文获取类型
收费全文 | 975篇 |
免费 | 43篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 36篇 |
妇产科学 | 10篇 |
基础医学 | 101篇 |
口腔科学 | 36篇 |
临床医学 | 95篇 |
内科学 | 191篇 |
皮肤病学 | 11篇 |
神经病学 | 11篇 |
特种医学 | 229篇 |
外科学 | 140篇 |
综合类 | 15篇 |
预防医学 | 29篇 |
眼科学 | 15篇 |
药学 | 63篇 |
肿瘤学 | 44篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 30篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 38篇 |
2009年 | 36篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 34篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 48篇 |
1997年 | 60篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 48篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 32篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1031条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
141.
Hestin D; Gregoire M; Mayeux D; Mertes P; Lakomsky D; Kessler M 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1998,13(7):1776-1781
Background: Erythrocytosis is relatively common after
renal transplantation and is associated with a higher risk of
thromboembolism. Its aetiology is unclear and there is still debate about
the most frequently suggested causes. The culture in
vitro of erythroid progenitors is regarded as a useful tool for
the differential diagnosis of patients with unclear erythrocytosis. We
studied the growth in vitro of bone marrow erythroid
progenitor from renal transplant patients with erythrocytosis and controls
without erythrocytosis. Subjects and methods: Thirteen
renal transplant patients with erythrocytosis and 12 normocythaemic renal
transplant controls were studied. The clinical characteristics of these
patients were evaluated and serum erythropoietin (Epo) and ferritin levels
were determined. Bone marrow erythroid progenitors were cultured both with
and without the addition of Epo to the medium.
Results: Samples from six polycythaemic patients and
seven controls did not grow spontaneously in the absence of exogenous Epo.
Three cases of post-transplant erythrocytosis and five controls produced
CFU-E, but not BFU-3. A few CFU-E and BFU-E grew spontaneously in samples
from four polycythaemic patients but not in samples from the controls.
Addition of 1 unit per millilitre Epo caused similar increases in the
number of colonies in both polycythaemic patients and controls. Of the nine
patients eligible for follow-up, all four with spontaneous growth of BFU-E
had transient erythrocytosis and four of the five patients with no
spontaneous growth or spontaneous growth of CFU-E only had persistent
erythrocytosis requiring treatment with ACE inhibitors.
Conclusions: Pathophysiology of post-transplant
erythrocytes is heterogenous. In one-third of the patients, there was
unexpected, spontaneous and transient growth of BFU-E which was not
predictive of permanent erythrocytosis. The results of stem-cell studies
suggest that in these cases erythrocytosis may be caused by defective
regulation of erythroid progenitor proliferation, possibly due to
particular cellular interactions or the effect of cyclosporin on
erythropoiesis. 相似文献
142.
Bangert BA; Modic MT; Ross JS; Obuchowski NA; Perl J; Ruggieri PM; Masaryk TJ 《Radiology》1995,195(2):437
143.
144.
145.
The clearance of vancomycin is significantly reduced in patients with acute, as well as, chronic renal failure. Although multiple-dosage regimen adjustment techniques have been proposed for these patients, there is little quantitative data to guide the individualization of vancomycin therapy in acute renal failure patients who are receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). To determine appropriate vancomycin dosing strategies for patients receiving continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD), we performed controlled clearance studies in five stable hemodialysis patients with three hemofilters: an acrylonitrile copolymer 0.6 m2 (AN69), polymethylmethacrylate 2.1 m2 (PMMA), and polysulfone 0.65 m2 (PS). Patients received 500 mg of vancomycin intravenously at least 12 hours before the start of the clearance study. The concentration of vancomycin in multiple plasma and dialysate/ultrafiltrate samples was determined by EMIT (Syva, Palo Alto, CA). The diffusional clearance and sieving coefficient (SC) of vancomycin were compared by a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with filter and blood (Q(B)), dialysate inflow (Q(DI)), or ultrafiltration rate (Q(UF)) as the main effects and patient as a random effect. Vancomycin was moderately protein bound in these patients; free fraction ranged from 49% to 83%. The SCs of the three filters were similar and significantly correlated with the free fraction of vancomycin (P = 0.01; r2 = 0.465). Significant linear relationships were observed between the diffusional clearance of vancomycin and Q(DI) for all three filters: AN69 (slope = 0.482; r2 = 0.880); PMMA (slope = 0.853; r2 = 0.966); and PS (slope = 0.658; r2 = 0.887). The slope of this relationship for the PMMA filter was significantly greater than that of the AN69 and PS filters. The clearance of vancomycin, urea, and creatinine, however, was essentially constant at all Q(B)s for all three filters. Thus, the clearance of vancomycin was not membrane dependent during CVVH. However, during CVVHD, membrane dependence of vancomycin clearance was noted at a Q(DI) greater than 16.7 mL/min; vancomycin clearance with PMMA at a Q(DI) of 25 mL/min was 66% and 43% greater than that with the AN69 and PS filters, respectively. CVVH (62% to 262%) and CVVHD (90% to 540%) can significantly augment the clearance of vancomycin in acute renal failure patients. Dosing strategies for individualization of vancomycin therapy in patients receiving CVVH and CVVHD are proposed. 相似文献
146.
P M Mertes M C Laxenaire A Lienhart W Aberer J Ring W J Pichler P Demoly 《Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology》2005,15(2):91-101
These guidelines represent a consensus of experts in the field of immediate hypersensitivity reactions occurring during anaesthesia. They were based on international science, and implemented in France under the auspices of the French Society for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR: Société Fran?aise d'Anesthésie et de Reanimation). Their aim was to provide the most valid, widely accepted, effective and easily teachable guidelines that current knowledge, research and experience can provide. This paper presents the main extracts of these recommendations with the most relevant clinical implications. 相似文献
147.
M M?llmann W F von Hornstein N Mertes G Winde P Lawin 《Acta anaesthesiologica Belgica》1990,41(4):345-351
Ultrasonography is being increasingly used in the field of anesthesiology. One major indication is visualization of central venous vessels, in particular the internal jugular vein before and during cannulation by means of ultrasonography or ultrasonic Doppler. This should facilitate puncture with a higher rate of successful cannulations and decreased rate of complications related to needle probing during catheterization attempts. Furthermore, by using ultrasonography central venous catheters can be located in the vessels. The picture quality of various central venous catheters currently used in anesthesia and intensive care does not show any noticeable difference. 相似文献
148.
Visibility of gallstone fragments at US and fluoroscopy: implications for monitoring gallstone lithotripsy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To assess the value of ultrasound (US), fluoroscopy, and spot radiography in the detection, counting, and measurement of gallstone fragments during lithotripsy, in vitro visibility studies were conducted on fragments from 20 stones. Fluoroscopic visibility was evaluated during and after lithotripsy on 185 fragments placed in an anthropomorphic phantom. Three US experiments were performed on the fragments to study the visibility of fragments as a function of size, the accuracy of the count with large numbers of fragments, and the ability of observers to detect and count fragments larger than both 4 mm and 5 mm. With fluoroscopy, fragment detection rates ranged from 20% (fragments larger than 2.5 mm) to 80% (fragments larger than 4.5 mm). With US, all fragments larger than 1.5 mm were detected, and US was significantly better than fluoroscopy and spot radiography for detection of fragments 2.5 mm or smaller. US was also more accurate than fluoroscopy (11% vs 59% error) in the assessment of the number of fragments. When fragments larger than 4 mm or 5 mm were being counted with US, 92% of the fragments were visualized. The results suggest that US is more accurate for monitoring gallstone lithotripsy than fluoroscopy or spot radiography. 相似文献
149.
Percutaneous pancreatography was attempted in 28 patients. In 18 cases, the examinations were performed after failure of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP); in ten patients, ERCP was not attempted. Under real-time ultrasonic guidance, a 22-gauge needle was inserted into the pancreatic duct, which ranged in size from 3 to 15 mm. After aspiration of pure pancreatic juice, 10-20 ml of contrast medium was injected under fluoroscopic control. The examination was successful in 25 patients. The only significant complication was bile leakage in a patient with obstructive jaundice. Of the six patients who subsequently underwent surgery, evidence of the puncture site was present in only one. 相似文献
150.