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51.
Diego A. Gomez Philip A. May Barbara G. Tabachnick Julie M. Hasken Elizabeth R. Lyden Wendy O. Kalberg H. Eugene Hoyme Melanie A. Manning Margaret P. Adam Luther K. Robinson Kenneth Lyons Jones David Buckley Omar A. Abdul‐Rahman 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2020,182(10):2243-2252
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) describe a range of physical, behavioral, and neurologic deficits in individuals exposed to alcohol prenatally. Reduced palpebral fissure length is one of the cardinal facial features of FASD. However, other ocular measurements have not been studied extensively in FASD. Using the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Epidemiologic Research (FASER) database, we investigated how inner canthal distance (ICD), interpupillary distance (IPD), and outer canthal distance (OCD) centiles differed between FASD and non‐FASD individuals. We compared ocular measurement centiles in children with FASD to non‐FASD individuals and observed reductions in all three centiles for ICD, IPD, and OCD. However, when our non‐FASD children who had various forms of growth deficiency (microcephaly, short‐stature, or underweight) were compared to controls, we did not observe a similar reduction in ocular measurements. This suggests that reductions in ocular measurements are a direct effect of alcohol on ocular development independent of its effect on growth parameters, which is consistent with animal models showing a negative effect of alcohol on developing neural crest cells. Interpupillary distance centile appeared to be the most significantly reduced ocular measure we evaluated, suggesting it may be a useful measure to be considered in the diagnosis of FASD. 相似文献
52.
Cloning of the genome of a densovirus and rescue of infectious virions from recombinant plasmid in the insect host Spodoptera littoralis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have cloned an infectious genome of the Junonia coenia densonucleosis virus (JcDNV) into the bacterial plasmid pBR322. The viral genome could be rescued from the recombinant plasmid pBRJ by transfection of pBRJ DNA to sensitive Spodoptera littoralis larvae. pBRJ DNA produced a typical viral infection and a comparable percentage of larvae became infected following inoculation of equivalent amounts of purified virion DNA or cloned viral DNA. Virions extracted from transfected larvae were indistinguishable from wild-type (wt) virions with regard to their biophysical and biological properties. In particular, rescued virions were as infectious as wt virions and showed identical restriction profiles of their genome. In contrast, subcloning of JcDNV DNA deleted at both extremities of a sequence of ca 250 or ca 100 bp resulted in the inability of the recombinant plasmids to initiate a viral infection. These data suggest that, as for vertebrate parvoviruses, the inverted terminal repeats display essential functions in the rescue process and replicative cycle of densoviruses. This is the first report of the molecular cloning of the infectious genome from an insect parvovirus, and more generally from an invertebrate virus. pBRJ should provide an efficient tool to further define the organization of the JcDNV genome and compare it to other parvoviruses. 相似文献
53.
The airway epithelium is the first cellular component of the lung to be encountered by the particles and pathogens present in inhaled air. In addition to its role as a physical barrier, the immunological activity of the airway epithelium is an essential part of the pulmonary immune system. This means that the symptoms of lung diseases that involve immunological mechanisms are frequently exacerbated by infection of the airway epithelium with respiratory viruses. The virus-induced enhancement of immunological activity in infected epithelial cells is well characterized. However, the effects that contaminants of inhaled air have upon the infectivity and replication of respiratory viruses and the inflammation they cause, are comparatively unknown. In this study, we have shown that pre-exposure of airway epithelial cells to bacterial lipopolysaccharides or a proteolytically active house dust mite allergen, is able to, respectively, inhibit or enhance the level of cellular infection with respiratory syncytial virus and similarly alter virus-induced expression of the inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8. These results suggest that respiratory syncytial virus infection and the inflammation caused by respiratory syncytial virus may be modified by the biologically active contaminants of indoor air. 相似文献
54.
To determine the effect of subject self-selection on the alpha-hypnotizability correlation, the correlations between volunteer and invited subject groups were compared. For 8 volunteers the correlation between baseline eyes-closed occipital alpha and the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility score was r=.72; for 12 invited subjects, that correlation was r=-.02. The significant difference in these correlations gives support to a previously published paper which hypothesized, on the basis of a literature review, that sampling modifications generated by subject self-selection were responsible for the occurrence of significant alpha-hypnotizability correlations. 相似文献
55.
Paolo Gattuso Henry J. Carson Houssam Attal Melanie J. Castelli 《Diagnostic cytopathology》1995,13(3):257-259
Systemic spread of primary intracranial neoplasms is rare and may be due to ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). The most common tumors to metastasize via VPS are germinoma of the pineal gland and medulloblastoma. We report a case of 16-yr-old girl with central nervous system malignant melanosis who developed subsequent peritoneal implants via VPS. To the best of our knowledge, this patient represents the third reported case of meningeal melanosis or melanoma which metastasized to the peritoneal cavity via VPS. The VPS should be considered as possible mode of systemic spread in patients with primary cranial malignancy. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
56.
57.
Ricky K. Taira PhD David B. Johnson Vikas Bhushan Monica Rivera Clement Wong Lujia Huang Denise R. Aberle Melanie Greaves Jonathan G. Goldin 《Journal of digital imaging》1996,9(1):25-36
Current digital information systems in radiology are insufficient to accommodate the retrieval needs of academicians. Significant efforts are required in retrieving clinical cases for teaching and research. We describe a prototype system that supports intelligent case retrieval based on a combined specification of patient demographics, radiologic findings, and pathologic diagnoses. The documents for these cases can be distributed among multiple heterogeneous data bases. The system features automatic indexing of radiology and pathology reports, a comprehensive lexicon for thoracic radiology, an interface to a hospital information system, radiology information system, and picture archiving and communication systems, and a graphical user interface for query formulation and results visualization. The prototype system was developed within the domain of thoracic radiology involving patients with lung cancer. 相似文献
58.
Jean E Dumas Jenelle Nissley Alicia Nordstrom Emilie Phillips Smith Ronald J Prinz Douglas W Levine 《Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology》2005,34(1):93-104
We conducted 2 studies to (a) establish the usefulness of the construct of home chaos, (b) investigate its correlates, and (c) determine the validity of the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS) used to measure the construct in each study. Study 1 relied on a sample of European American preschoolers and their mothers and Study 2 on a sample of African American school-age children and their caregivers. Home chaos was associated with less effective parental discipline; elevated behavior problems, limited attentional focusing, and reduced ability to understand and respond to social cues in children; and reduced accuracy and efficiency in a cooperative parent-child interactional task, after controlling for potential confounds. It is concluded that (a) home chaos is not a proxy for adverse social or psychological circumstances but a useful construct in its own right; (b) home chaos is associated with multiple detrimental correlates in parents and children; and (c) the CHAOS scale provides an adequate and economical measure of home confusion and disorganization that should prove useful in clinical research with diverse populations. 相似文献
59.
High risk pregnancies in hypopituitary women 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Overton CE Davis CJ West C Davies MC Conway GS 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2002,17(6):1464-1467
BACKGROUND: Various short papers have suggested that pregnancies in women with hypopituitarism are high risk but no formal assessment of pregnancy outcome has yet been reported. METHODS: An audit was carried out concerning the outcome of 18 pregnancies in nine women who underwent ovulation induction in a single centre over 20 years. RESULTS: The live birth rate was 61%, miscarriage rate 28% and mid-trimester uterine death rate 11% with no survivors from four sets of twins. The Caesarian section rate was 100% and half of the live births were on or below the 10th centile for weight. One woman successfully breast-fed. CONCLUSIONS: Women with hypopituitarism have high-risk pregnancies, perhaps because of a uterine defect secondary to endocrine deficiency. Fertility treatment must strive for singleton pregnancies with application of particularly strict criteria to avoid twin pregnancies. Early elective Caesarian section is probably warranted in this group. 相似文献
60.
Molecular cloning, expression and in situ hybridization of rat brain glutamic acid decarboxylase messenger RNA 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
A cDNA library was generated in the expression vector lambda GT11 from rat brain poly(A)+ RNAs and screened with a GAD antiserum. Two clones reacted positively. One of them was shown to express a GAD activity which was specifically trapped on anti-GAD immunogel and was inhibited by gamma-acetylenic-GABA. Blot hybridization analysis of RNAs from rat brain revealed a single 4 kilobases band. Preliminary in situ hybridizations showed numerous cells labelled by the GAD probe such as the Purkinje and stellate cells in the cerebellar cortex and the cells of the reticular thalamic nucleus. 相似文献