Two-Character Chinese Compound Word Processing in Chinese Children With and Without Dyslexia: ERP Evidence

Using event-related potential (ERP) measures, we examined the time course of Chinese compound word processing in 15 dyslexic and 10 normal children in a lexical decision task with three conditions including real words (e.g., (house)), reversed nonwords (e.g., can be transposed to a real word (ocean)) and random nonwords (e.g., is not a real word when transposing). Behavioral results showed that dyslexic children performed slower and less accurately than normal children did across conditions. ERP data revealed that normal children exhibited significant N400 effects across conditions. The dyslexics did not show any difference on N400, however, suggesting a possible weakness of morphological processing in dyslexic children.     

Design,content, and fieldwork procedures of the COVID‐19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study – Wave 4

ObjectivesThis paper outlines fieldwork procedures for Wave 4 of the COVID‐19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study in the UK during November–December 2020.MethodsRespondents provided data on socio‐political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours, and mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress). In Phase 1, adults (N = 2878) were reinvited to participate. At Phase 2, new recruitment: (i) replenished the longitudinal strand to account for attrition; and (ii) oversampled from the devolved UK nations to facilitate robust between‐country analyses for core study outcomes. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure the longitudinal panel was representative of the baseline sample characteristics.ResultsIn Phase 1, 1796 adults were successfully recontacted and provided full interviews at Wave 4 (62.4% retention rate). In Phase 2, 292 new respondents were recruited to replenish the panel, as well as 1779 adults from Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, who were representative of the socio‐political composition of the adult populations in these nations. The raking procedure successfully re‐balanced the longitudinal panel to within 1% of population estimates for selected socio‐demographic characteristics.ConclusionThe C19PRC Study offers a unique opportunity to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research addressing important public health questions relating to the COVID‐19 pandemic.     

Case report: complete lung collapse--an unusual presentation of cryptococcosis.

Cryptococcosis presenting as an intrabronchial mass is not a recognized cause of complete lung collapse. This case report illustrates this extremely rare manifestation of pulmonary cryptococcosis, which mimicked primary pulmonary carcinoma clinically, radiologically and bronchoscopically.     

多聚二磷酸腺苷核糖合成酶抑制剂对血管紧张素Ⅱ刺激培养心肌细胞异常基因表达的阻止作用

目的:观察多聚二磷酸腺苷(ADP)核糖合成酶(PARP)抑制剂对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)刺激的乳鼠心脏心肌重构的预防作用.方法:新生大鼠心肌细胞原代培养,传代,用PARP抑制剂3-AB预处理细胞,观察PARP抑制剂对AngⅡ诱导心肌细胞PARP激活、PARPl表达,细胞内ROS产生和c-fos,ANP,β/aMHC基因表达的影响.结果:AngⅡ显著诱导心肌细胞PARP激活,ROS产生增加,PARPl、c-los、β/a-MHC、ANP基因表达增加.给予3-AB预处理可显著抑制AngⅡ诱导的上述变化.结论:AngⅡ可以诱导培养的心肌细胞内PARP激活,PARPl蛋白表达增加,3-AB预处理可以明显降低AngⅡ诱导的心肌细胞内异常基因表达增加,提示PARPl参与了心室重构的发生发展过程.     

Chlorhexidine rinse in prevention of dental caries in patients following radiation therapy

Patients who receive cancer radiotherapy, which compromises salivary gland function, may develop xerostomia. These patients are at increased risk to develop rampant dental caries. Streptococcus mutans and species of lactobacillus have been associated with dental caries. Quantitative counts of these organisms demonstrated high caries risk in 85% of patients studied. The use of chlorhexidine rinse to reduce the counts of S. mutans and lactobacillus was studied. A modest reduction in S. mutans was seen, but little effect was demonstrated on lactobacillus counts. Caries activity was shown to be related to lactobacillus count.