Pathology of acute radiation sickness induced by relatively proportional combined radiation damage]

Materials are presented on six cases of fatal acute radiation disease consequent to relatively proportional beta- and gamma-irradiation after accident in the nuclear submarine. The comparison is performed of this material with the data published on the radiation sequelae of the Chernobyl nuclear catastrophe.     

The isolation and characteristics of continuous virus-producing lymphoid suspension cultures of African green monkey cells

Five continuous lymphoid suspension cell cultures were established by cultivation of lymphocytes from African green monkeys. The immunological typing revealed the mixed pattern of cultures consisting of B and T cell types. Two types of viruses: herpesvirus and retrovirus C-type were demonstrated by electron microscopy. Indirect immunofluorescence and molecular hybridization studies showed one of the viruses to be an EBV-related herpesvirus of green monkeys designated HVGM and the other to belong to H (S) TLV-1 group.     

Properties of the slow excitatory postsynaptic potential in mammalian sympathetic ganglia neurons

Slow EPSPs evoked in the neurons of the rabbit isolated superior cervical ganglion were studied using intracellular microelectrodes. Two types of EPSPs occurring in different neurons were found. The type I slow EPSPs showed an increase during hyperpolarization of the membrane and a decrease during its depolarization. Input resistance of the neurons during the response either decreased or remained unchanged. The type II slow EPSPs were increased by depolarization and decreased by hyperpolarization with the reversal potential -78.9 +/- 3.6 mV. Depolarization evoked by acetylcholine or carbocholine was followed by an increase in the input resistance in 53% of neurons with reversal potential -83.2 +/- 6.7 mV. It is concluded that in the first group of the neurons the nature of the slow EPSP is similar to that of ordinary EPSP. The main component underlying the ionic mechanism of slow EPSP in the other group of the neurons is a decrease in potassium conductance of the membrane.     

Comparison of the heat shock response in ethnically and ecologically different human populations.

In response to heat shock or other metabolic insults, an increased expression of different heat shock proteins (hsps) and, in particular, members of the hsp70 family is observed in human cells. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis, we compared the pattern of hsp70 synthesis in human fibroblast cell lines isolated from two contrasting groups of individuals. The first group was represented by native Turk-men living in the hot desert of Middle Asia; the second group consisted of Russians living in moderate climatic regions of European Russia. This analysis has shown that fibroblasts isolated from Turkmen after severe heat shock exhibited intensive synthesis of all hsps in parallel with synthesis of many other cellular proteins, while only trace synthesis of hsps was observed in the second group (Russians). Surprisingly, Northern analysis of RNA synthesis failed to reveal any differences between the two groups after heat shock treatment. When survival of fibroblasts after severe heat shock treatment was assessed by colony formation assay, the cells of the first group exhibited significantly higher survival rates.     

CHRONIC ANGLE－CLOSURE GLAUCOMA MANAGEMENT BY RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER ANGLE

Aim: to estimate the efficacy of anterior chamber angle reconstruction with lens extraction and IOL implantation in chronic angle-closure glaucoma The results of treatment in 60 eyes of 52 patients (12 males and 40 females) are analyzed. Mean age of the patients was 63.7±3.7 years. Mean IOP before operation was 38 mm Hg (Mentor pneumatonograph Model 30), mean visual acuity 0.32. All the patients used hypotensive eyedrops, 18     

Development of spatial orientation during pilot training

The problem of spatial orientation of pilots flying high-altitude aircraft is in the focus of present-day aviation medicine because of a growing number of accidents in the air. One of the productive lines of research is to study spatial orientation in terms of active formation and maintenance of its imagery in a complex environment. However investigators usually emphasize the role of visual (instrumental) information in the image construction, almost ignoring the sensorimotor component of spatial orientation. The theoretical analysis of the process of spatial orientation has facilitated the development of the concept assuming that the pattern of space perception changes with growing professional experience. The concept is based on an active approach to the essence, emergence, formation and variation in the pattern of sensory perception of space in man's consciousness. This concept asserts that as pilot's professional expertise increases, the pattern of spatial orientation becomes geocentric because a new system of spatial perception evolves which is a result of the development of a new (instrumental) type of motor activity in space. This finds expression in the fact that perception of spatial position inflight occurs when man has to resolve a new motor task--movement along a complex trajectory in the three-dimensional space onboard a flying vehicle. The meaningful structure of this problem which is to be implemented through controlling movements of the pilot acts as a factor that forms this new system of perception. All this underlies the arrangement of meaningful collection of instrumental data and detection of noninstrumental signals in the comprehensive perception of changes in the spatial position of a flying vehicle.