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71.
Rahul Aggarwal Alan Bryce Charles J. Ryan Andrea Harzstark Christina Derleth Won Kim Terence Friedlander Amy M. Lin Tammy Rodvelt-Bagchi Mallika Dhawan Li Zhang Mina Lee Eric Siebeneck Jeffrey Hough Eric J. Small 《Urologic oncology》2017,35(4):149.e7-149.e13
Background
Cabazitaxel plus prednisone has significant activity in patients with chemotherapy-naïve and pretreated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Mitoxantrone has antitumor activity in mCRPC and nonoverlapping mechanism of action and toxicity profile.Objective
To establish the maximally tolerated dose of the combination of cabazitaxel, mitoxantrone, and prednisone.Methods and materials
Patients with chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter phase 1 trial. Cabazitaxel 20 and 25 mg/m2 were each evaluated in combination with escalating doses of mitoxantrone (starting dose 4 mg/m2), given with prednisone 5 mg twice daily.Results
A total of 25 patients were enrolled, with median age of 67 (range: 51–78) and prostate-specific antigen of 66.8 ng/ml (range: 3–791.2). There were 4 dose-limiting toxicities (febrile neutropenia, n = 3; sepsis, n = 1). The maximally tolerated dose was cabazitaxel 20 mg/m2 plus mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2. The most common treatment-related grade≥3 related adverse events included neutropenia (n = 8; 32%), febrile neutropenia (n = 5; 20%), and thrombocytopenia (n = 4; 16%). The median number of treatment cycles was 8 (range: 2 to 19+). Decline in prostate-specific antigen to≥50% from baseline was observed in 15 patients (60%). Objective responses were observed in 10/14 (71%) evaluable patients. The median radiographic progression-free survival was 14.5 months (95% CI: 8.0-not reached (NR)), and median overall survival was 23.3 months (95% CI: 14.3-NR).Conclusions
The approved single-agent doses of mitoxantrone and cabazitaxel were safely combined. The combination led to durable tumor responses in most patients. Further study of the combination is warranted. 相似文献72.
Mallika Snyder Diego Alburez-Gutierrez Ivn Williams Emilio Zagheni 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2022,119(26)
Excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has led many to experience the loss of family members, with significant negative outcomes. We quantify the extent to which these population-wide rates of kin loss represent a departure from levels expected in the absence of COVID-19 excess mortality and consider which demographic groups are most likely to be affected. Results for biological kin in 31 countries indicate dramatic increases in excess kin loss associated with excess mortality and follow a generational pattern consistent with COVID-19 mortality risk by age. During periods of high excess mortality, the number of younger individuals losing a grandparent increased by up to 845 per 100,000, or 1.2 times expected levels (for individuals aged 30 to 44 y in the United Kingdom in April 2020), while the number of older individuals losing a sibling increased by up to 511 per 100,000 or 1.15 times (for individuals aged 65 y and over in Poland in November 2020). Our monthly multicountry estimates of excess kin loss complement existing point estimates of the number of individuals bereaved by COVID-19 mortality [Verdery et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117, 17695–17701 (2020); Kidman et al., JAMA Pediatr. 175, 745–746 (2021); Hillis et al., Lancet 398, 391–402 (2021)] and highlight the role of heterogeneous excess mortality in shaping country experiences. 相似文献
73.
Variam U. Jeankumar Reshma Alokam Jonnalagadda P. Sridevi Priyanka Suryadevara Siddharth S. Matikonda Santosh Peddi Seedarala Sahithi Mallika Alvala Perumal Yogeeswari Dharmarajan Sriram 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,83(4):498-506
In this study, the crystal structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) enzyme chorismate mutase (CM) bound to transition state analogue (PDB: 2FP2) was used as a framework for virtual screening of the BITS‐Pilani in‐house database (2500 compounds) to identify new scaffold. We identified isatin as novel small molecule MTB CM inhibitors; further twenty‐four isatin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit MTB CM, and activity against M. tuberculosis as steps towards the derivation of structure–activity relationships (SAR) and lead optimization. Compound 3‐(4‐nitrobenzylidene)indolin‐2‐one, 24 emerged as the most promising lead with an IC50 of 1.01 ± 0.22 μm for purified CM and MIC of 23.5 μm for M. tuberculosis, with little or no cytotoxicity. 相似文献
74.
Sarah H. Cross Joshua R. Lakin Mallika Mendu Ernest I. Mandel Haider J. Warraich 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2021,61(1):112-120.e1
ContextAn important aspect of end-of-life care, place of death is understudied in advanced chronic (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).ObjectiveWe sought to examine trends and factors associated with where advanced CKD/ESKD patients die.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using mortality data from 2003 to 2017 for deaths attributed primarily to advanced CKD/ESKD in the United States.ResultsBetween 2003 and 2017, 222,247 deaths were attributed to advanced CKD/ESKD. From 2003 to 2017, deaths occurring in hospitals declined from 56.0% (n = 5356) to 35.6% (n = 7764), whereas increases occurred in deaths at home (13.5% [n = 1292] to 24.3% [n = 5306]), nursing facilities (18.6% [n = 1776] to 19.3% [n = 4221]), and hospice facilities (0.3% [n = 29] to 13.4% [n = 2917]). Nonwhite race was associated with increased odds of hospital death (Black [OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.55, 1.62]; Native American [OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.32, 1.63]; Asian [OR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.32, 1.55] and reduced odds of nursing facility (Black [OR = 0.622; 95% CI = 0.600, 0.645]; Native American [OR = 0.638; 95% CI = 0.572, 0.712]; Asian [OR = 0.574; 95% CI = 0.533, 0.619], or hospice facility death (Black [OR = 0.843; 95% CI = 0.773, 0.918]; Native American [OR = 0.380; 95% CI = 0.289, 0.500]; Asian [OR = 0.609; 95% CI = 0.502, 0.739]). Older age was associated with reduced odds of hospital death (≥85 [OR = 0.334; 95% CI = 0.312, 0.358]) and increased odds of home (≥85 [OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.43, 1.68]), nursing facility (≥85 [OR = 3.09; 95% CI = 2.76, 3.45]) or hospice facility death (≥85 [OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.49, 1.72]).ConclusionsHospitals remain the most common place of death from advanced CKD/ESKD; however, the proportion of home, nursing facility, and hospice facility deaths have increased. 相似文献
75.
Elena R. Lozovsky Thanat Chookajorn Kyle M. Brown Mallika Imwong Philip J. Shaw Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan Daniel E. Neafsey Daniel M. Weinreich Daniel L. Hartl 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2009,106(29):12025-12030
The spread of high-level pyrimethamine resistance in Africa threatens to curtail the therapeutic lifetime of antifolate antimalarials. We studied the possible evolutionary pathways in the evolution of pyrimethamine resistance using an approach in which all possible mutational intermediates were created by site-directed mutagenesis and assayed for their level of drug resistance. The coding sequence for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was mutagenized, and tests were carried out in Escherichia coli under conditions in which the endogenous bacterial enzyme was selectively inhibited. We studied 4 key amino acid replacements implicated in pyrimethamine resistance: N51I, C59R, S108N, and I164L. Using empirical estimates of the mutational spectrum in P. falciparum and probabilities of fixation based on the relative levels of resistance, we found that the predicted favored pathways of drug resistance are consistent with those reported in previous kinetic studies, as well as DHFR polymorphisms observed in natural populations. We found that 3 pathways account for nearly 90% of the simulated realizations of the evolution of pyrimethamine resistance. The most frequent pathway (S108N and then C59R, N51I, and I164L) accounts for more than half of the simulated realizations. Our results also suggest an explanation for why I164L is detected in Southeast Asia and South America, but not at significant frequencies in Africa. 相似文献
76.
Dhanda Mallika Agarwal Amit Mandal Kausik Gupta Sushil Sabaretnam M. Chand Gyan Mishra Anjali Agarwal Gaurav Mishra Saroj Kanta 《World journal of surgery》2022,46(3):591-599
World Journal of Surgery - To compare clinical, biochemical, tumoural and mutational characteristics of Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome (VHL)-associated pheochromocytoma (PCC) to multiple endocrine... 相似文献
77.
Novel point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase gene of Plasmodium vivax: evidence for sequential selection by drug pressure 下载免费PDF全文
Imwong M Pukrittayakamee S Rénia L Letourneur F Charlieu JP Leartsakulpanich U Looareesuwan S White NJ Snounou G 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2003,47(5):1514-1521
Mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) genes of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are associated with resistance to the antifolate antimalarial drugs. P. vivax dhfr sequences were obtained from 55 P. vivax isolates (isolates Belem and Sal 1, which are established lines originating from Latin America, and isolates from patient samples from Thailand [n = 44], India [n = 5], Iran [n = 2], and Madagascar [n = 2]) by direct sequencing of both strands of the purified PCR product and were compared to the P. vivax dhfr sequence from a P. vivax parasite isolated in Pakistan (isolate ARI/Pakistan), considered to represent the wild-type sequence. In total, 144 P. vivax dhfr mutations were found at only 12 positions, of which 4 have not been described previously. An F-->L mutation at residue 57 had been observed previously, but a novel codon (TTA) resulted in a mutation in seven of the nine mutated variant sequences. A new mutation at residue 117 resulted in S-->T (S-->N has been described previously). These two variants are the same as those observed in the P. falciparum dhfr gene at residue 108, where they are associated with different levels of antifolate resistance. Two novel mutations, I-->L at residue 13 and T-->M at residue 61, appear to be unique to P. vivax. The clinical, epidemiological, and sequence data suggest a sequential pathway for the acquisition of the P. vivax dhfr mutations. Mutations at residues 117 and 58 arise first when drug pressure is applied. Highly mutated genes carry the S-->T rather than the S-->N mutation at residue 117. Mutations at residues 57 and 61 then occur, followed by a fifth mutation at residue 13. 相似文献
78.
Patricia M. Herman Jill E. Luoto Mallika Kommareddi Melony E. Sorbero Ian D. Coulter 《The journal of pain》2019,20(11):1317-1327
Many recommended nonpharmacologic therapies for patients with chronic spinal pain require visits to providers such as acupuncturists and chiropractors. Little information is available to inform third-party payers’ coverage policies regarding ongoing use of these therapies. This study offers contingent valuation-based estimates of patient willingness to pay (WTP) for pain reductions from a large (n = 1,583) sample of patients using ongoing chiropractic care to manage their chronic low back and neck pain. Average WTP estimates were $45.98 (45.8) per month per 1-point reduction in current pain for chronic low back pain and $37.32 (38.0) for chronic neck pain. These estimates met a variety of validity checks including that individuals’ values define a downward-sloping demand curve for these services. Comparing these WTP estimates with patients’ actual use of chiropractic care over the next 3 months indicates that these patients are likely “buying” perceived pain reductions from what they believe their pain would have been if they didn't see their chiropractor—that is, they value maintenance of their current mild pain levels. These results provide some evidence for copay levels and their relationship to patient demand, but call into question ongoing coverage policies that require the documentation of continued improvement or of experienced clinical deterioration with treatment withdrawal.PerspectiveThis study provides estimates of reported WTP for pain reduction from a large sample of patients using chiropractic care to manage their chronic spinal pain and compares these estimates to what these patients do for care over the next 3 months, to inform coverage policies for ongoing care. 相似文献
79.
Robinson ES Khankin EV Choueiri TK Dhawan MS Rogers MJ Karumanchi SA Humphreys BD 《Hypertension》2010,56(6):1131-1136
Therapies that target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway cause hypertension, but the mechanism remains unknown. This cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that VEGF inhibition causes hypertension by suppressing VEGF-mediated vasodilatory pathways. Urine was collected from 80 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma from 2002 to 2009, 40 at baseline and 40 while on VEGF inhibitors. Measured urinary biomarkers include albumin, metabolites of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway and its downstream effector cGMP, and prostaglandin pathway biomarkers prostaglandin E2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and cAMP, all normalized to urinary creatinine. The mean age in both groups was 61.8 years, 76% were men, and urinary albumin was higher in patients receiving VEGF inhibitors (median: 18.4 versus 4.6 mg/g; P = 0.009). cGMP/creatinine was suppressed in patients on VEGF inhibitors (0.28 versus 0.39 pmol/μg; P = 0.01), with a trend toward suppression of nitrate/creatinine (0.46 versus 0.62 μmol/mg; P = 0.09). Both comparisons were strengthened when patients on bevacizumab were excluded, and only those receiving small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors were analyzed (cGMP/creatinine: P = 0.003; nitrate/creatinine: P = 0.01). Prostaglandin E2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and cAMP did not differ between groups. These results suggest that hypertension induced by VEGF inhibitors is mediated by suppression of NO production. Prospective studies are needed to explore whether these biomarkers may be useful predictors of efficacy in patients receiving VEGF-targeted therapies. 相似文献
80.
Raghvendra Raman Mishra Mallika Tewari Hari S.Shukla 《Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International》2010,(2)
BACKGROUND:Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is a rare disease but a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.A number of etiological factors have been implicated in the causation of GBC and pathogenic infection by bacteria is one of these. DATA SOURCES:A PubMed search onhelicobacter,gall- bladder cancer,andbiliary tract malignancieswas done on the topic,and the relevant data were collected,reviewed,and analyzed. RESULTS:Helicobacter is an epsilon proteobacterium that infects the mucosal lining of the human gas... 相似文献