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61.
Mahmood F. Bhutta Lindsey Hobson Jane Lambie Elizabeth S. H. Scaman Martin J. Burton Henk Giele Sarra E. Jamieson Dominic Furniss 《Annals of human genetics》2013,77(3):244-250
Collection of saliva for DNA extraction has created new opportunities to recruit participants from the community for genetic association studies. However, sample return rates are variable. No prior study has specifically addressed how study design impacts sample return. Using data from three large‐scale genetic association studies we compared recruitment strategy and sample return rates. We found highly significant differences in sample return rates between the studies. In studies that recruited retrospectively, overall returns were much lower from families with a self‐limiting condition who provided samples at a research centre or home visit, than adult elderly individuals with a chronic disease who provided samples by post (59% vs. 84%). Prospective recruitment was associated with high agreement to participate (72%), but subsequent low return of actual saliva samples (42%). A telephone call had marginal effect on recruitment in a retrospective family study, but significantly improved returns in a prospective family study. We found no effect upon DNA yield comparing observed versus unobserved sample collection, or between male and female adult participants. Overall, study design significantly impacts upon response rates for genetic association studies recruiting from the community. Our findings will help researchers in constructing and costing a recruitment protocol. 相似文献
62.
A Recessively Inherited Risk Locus on Chromosome 13q22-31 Conferring Susceptibility to Schizophrenia
Tariq Mahmood Mohammed E El-Asrag James A Poulter Alastair G Cardno Anneka Tomlinson Sophia Ahmed Ahmed Al-Amri Jamshid Nazari Joanna Neill Rifka S Chamali Nancy Kiwan Suhaila Ghuloum Hamid A Alhaj Juliette Randerson Moor Shabana Khan Hassen Al-Amin Colin A Johnson Peter Woodruff Iain D Wilkinson Manir Ali Steven J Clapcote Chris F Inglehearn 《Schizophrenia bulletin》2021,47(3):796
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Subramaniam Puvaneswary Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran Nurul Syuhada Ibrahim Malliga Raman Murali Azhar Mahmood Merican T. Kamarul 《International journal of medical sciences》2013,10(12):1608-1614
The objective of this study was to compare the morphological and chemical composition of bone graft (BG) and coral graft (CG) as well as their osteogenic differentiation potential using rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) in vitro. SEM analysis of BG and CG revealed that the pores in these grafts were interconnected, and their micro-CT confirmed pore sizes in the range of 107-315 µm and 103-514 µm with a total porosity of 92% and 94%, respectively. EDS analysis indicated that the level of calcium in CG was relatively higher than that in BG. FTIR of BG and CG confirmed the presence of functional groups corresponding to carbonyl, aromatic, alkyl, and alkane groups. XRD results revealed that the phase content of the inorganic layer comprised highly crystalline form of calcium carbonate and carbon. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed CG had better surface roughness compared to BG. In addition, significantly higher levels of osteogenic differentiation markers, namely, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osteocalcin (OC) levels, and Osteonectin and Runx2, Integrin gene expression were detected in the CG cultures, when compared with those in the BG cultures. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the osteogenic differentiation of rMSCs is relatively superior in coral graft than in bone graft culture system. 相似文献
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Noreen Roshan Ali Syed Lal Badshah Muhammad Faheem Sumra Wajid Abbasi Riaz Ullah Ahmed Bari Syed Babar Jamal Hafiz Majid Mahmood Adnan Haider Sajjad Haider 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2020,28(12):1580-1591
Zika virus (ZIKV) is one of the mosquito borne flavivirus with several outbreaks in past few years in tropical and subtropical regions. The non-structural proteins of flaviviruses are suitable active targets for inhibitory drugs due to their role in pathogenicity. In ZIKV, the non-structural protein 5 (NS5) RNA-Dependent RNA polymerase replicates its genome. Here we have performed virtual screening to identify suitable ligands that can potentially halt the ZIKV NS5 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). During this process, we searched and screened a library of ligands against ZIKV NS5 RdRp. The selected ligands with significant binding energy and ligand-receptor interactions were further processed. Among the selected docked conformations, top five was further optimized at atomic level using molecular dynamic simulations followed by binding free energy calculations. The interactions of ligands with the target structure of ZIKV RdRp revealed that they form strong bonds within the active sites of the receptor molecule. The efficacy of these drugs against ZIKV can be further analyzed through in-vitro and in-vivo studies. 相似文献
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Saima Naz Mohsin Saqib Mahmood Ali Amar Farkhanda Ghafoor Syed Mohsin Raza Mahjabeen Saleem 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2015,93(4):691-696
Dengue illness has been a major health concern in Pakistan during the last decade. Dengue infection can result in a spectrum of clinically distinct outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic infection to potentially life-threatening forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). A single-nucleotide polymorphism in FcγRIIa (rs1801274) results in altered affinity of the receptor for different subclasses of immunoglobulin G, and is a key player in determining the susceptibility to or protection from severe clinical infection of dengue. In this study, we analyzed the allelic and genotypic distribution of rs1801274 in subjects of Pakistani origin with subclinical dengue infection (n = 40), dengue fever (DF) (n = 40), and DHF/DSS (n = 30). We found that HH homozygotes and heterozygotes were significantly more likely to develop clinical dengue (odds ratio [OR] = 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–7.97, P = 0.009), either DF (OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.00–7.97, P = 0.045) or DHF/DSS (OR = 3.90, 95% CI = 1.13–13.07, P = 0.024) than the asymptomatic dengue infection. Results of allelic distribution comparisons and logistic regression analysis also supported the same relationship. The results suggest complex nature of interacting factors in determining the course for severe dengue illness. 相似文献