Working‐correlation‐structure identification in generalized estimating equations

Selecting an appropriate working correlation structure is pertinent to clustered data analysis using generalized estimating equations (GEE) because an inappropriate choice will lead to inefficient parameter estimation. We investigate the well‐known criterion of QIC for selecting a working correlation structure, and have found that performance of the QIC is deteriorated by a term that is theoretically independent of the correlation structures but has to be estimated with an error. This leads us to propose a correlation information criterion (CIC) that substantially improves the QIC performance. Extensive simulation studies indicate that the CIC has remarkable improvement in selecting the correct correlation structures. We also illustrate our findings using a data set from the Madras Longitudinal Schizophrenia Study. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

磁共振波谱分析在脑胶质瘤侵袭边界确定中的应用进展

脑胶质瘤是最常见的颅内肿瘤、局部侵袭是脑胶质瘤的一个显著特征．典型的肿瘤有一个中央坏死灶，周围致密肿瘤细胞区．外绕被肿瘤细胞侵袭的脑组织。手术仍是目前临床上最主要和最基本的治疗方法，在保存正常脑组织的前提下尽可能的切除肿瘤一直是脑胶质瘤手术治疗中应遵循的基本原则。     

Biochemical analysis of human milk treated with sodium dodecyl sulfate, an alkyl sulfate microbicide that inactivates human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Reduction of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through human milk is needed. Alkyl sulfates such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are microbicidal against HIV-1 at low concentrations, have little to no toxicity, and are inexpensive. The authors have reported that treatment of HIV-1-infected human milk with < or = 1% (10 mg/mL) SDS for 10 minutes inactivates cell-free and cell-associated virus. The SDS can be removed with a commercially available resin after treatment without recovery of viral infectivity. In this article, the authors report results of selective biochemical analyses (ie, protein, immunoglobulins, lipids, cells, and electrolytes) of human milk subjected to SDS treatment and removal. The SDS treatment or removal had no significant effects on the milk components studied. Therefore, the use of alkyl sulfate microbicides to treat milk from HIV-1-positive women may be a simple, practical, and nutritionally sound way to prevent or reduce transmission of HIV-1 while still feeding with mother's own milk.     

自杀行为及其干预的研究进展

自杀已经成为一个世界范围内的重大公共卫生问题。中国的自杀特征具有独特性。自杀行为的发生往往是内在因素与外部因素相互作用的结果，它与社会学、心理学、伦理学、生物学、精神病学等各方面密切相关。自杀原因虽然错综复杂，但我们要提高意识，认识到自杀是一种可以预防的公共卫生问题。     

基于变更模型的元数据在构件回归测试中的应用研究

本文针对Orso元数据方法的不足,对构件可能的变更进行了充分分析和分类,并按照分类情况对相关的构件变更处理方法进行了详尽的形式化描述,构造了构件变更模型,描述了每个变更的具体表现形式,论述了方法变更到构件接口变更的映射机制和算法,给出了算法实现的框架,并将这些理论模型应用到自主开发的构件RegisterStuGrade中,与没有元数据情况下的回归测试用例生成技术以及Orso方法进行回归测试用例数和回归测试运行时间两方面的分析和对比,给出了比较结果.     

硫酸奈替米星葡萄糖注射液联用复方维生素注射液致呼吸困难伴腰痛1例

1临床资料 患者，女，43岁，因车祸致右胫腓骨骨折入住我院创伤骨科，一般情况良好，无食物、药物过敏史，入院后行腓骨复位固定术，3d后，伤口红肿并有脓液渗出，为预防和控制感染，静脉滴注硫酸奈替米星葡萄糖注射液每日200mL（每瓶100mL，硫酸奈替米星10万u，约相当于0．1g，葡萄糖5．0g，山东鲁抗辰欣药业有限公司，批号0803155209）分两次滴注，中间滴注含有4mL复方维生素注射液的10％葡萄糖注射液500mL（四川美大康佳乐有限公司，批号080125124）。