Excess mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma in an HCV-endemic township of an HBV-endemic country (Taiwan)

Taiwan is an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV). All previous studies have concluded that HBV is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Taiwan. An HBV- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-endemic township, Tzukuan, in southern Taiwan has been identified with the prevalence of 24% for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and 37% for anti-HCV antibodies. To elucidate the aetiology of HCC and impact of HCV in this township, we conducted a case-control study and compared HBV-related liver cancer mortality in Tzukuan and Taiwan as a whole. Based on cancer registration datasets of 2 medical centres from 1991 to 1995, we recruited 18 male and 9 female HCC cases from the study township. Their mean age (+/- standard deviation) was 60.3 (+/- 7.3) years. Randomly sampled from a community-based survey, 4 age- (+/- 2 years) and sex-matched residents were selected as community controls for each HCC case. The HBsAg carrier rate was 40.7% in cases and 25.0% in controls (P = 0.1). Anti-HCV positive rate was 88.9% in cases and 53.7% in controls (P = 0.008). Age-adjusted liver cancer mortality in Tzukuan (36.5 per 10(5)) was significantly higher than that of Taiwan as a whole (20 per 10(5)). Based on the HBsAg-positive rate among HCC patients (40.7% in Tzukuan and 77.4-86.6% in Taiwan), the estimated HBV-related liver cancer mortality was similar in Tzukuan (14.9 per 10(5)) and Taiwan (15.8-17.3 per 10(5)). We concluded that HCV was the major risk factor for excess liver cancer mortality in this HCV-endemic township of the HBV-endemic country.     

Mifepristone regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor and uterine receptivity in rabbits

The effects of mifepristone on production of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and uterine receptivity in rabbits was studied. In ovariectomized rabbits, LIF protein was at an undetectable level in control (score = 0), and upregulated by progesterone alone (score = 4). Estrogen had no additive effect, and may even have had a slightly negative effect when the rabbits were treated with both estrogen and progesterone (score = 3). Meanwhile, mifepristone obviously inhibited the stimulation of progesterone on the production of LIF in rabbit uterus (score = 1). The results also showed that LIF protein has a beneficial effect on uterine receptivity and mifepristone prevents this effect. The transfer of embryos to LIF-treated recipients significantly increased pregnancy (70%) and implantation rate (31%) as compared with control (pregnant rate = 50% and implantation rate = 17%). The transfer of embryos to LIF and mifepristone-treated recipients significantly decreased pregnancy (30%) and implantation rate (9%). The results of this study suggest that mifepristone prevented the effects of progesterone on LIF production and the beneficial effect of LIF on uterine receptivity.     

A nerve growth factor from the venom of Chinese cobra (Naja naja atra) and its effects on male reproductive system in rats

A nerve growth factor (NGF) was isolated from the venom of Chinese cobra (Naja naja atra) by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The N-terminal sequence of 22 amino acid residues was identical with other NGFs previously purified from the venom of the same genus. The NGF monomer molecular weight was estimated to be 13,500 by reducing SDS-PAGE and the isoelectric point was determined to be 7.2 by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. NGF improved the epididymal sperm motility of male rats and increased the pregnancy rate and fetus number of mated female rats. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) of male rats administrated NGF + gossypol was lower than that of male rats administrated gossypol. Histological sections of testes and epididymides showed that NGF reduced the destructive effects of gossypol on rat testes.     

介入栓塞治疗用电解脱弹簧圈的电化学研究

本文研究了用 于介入栓塞颅内 动脉瘤的不锈 钢弹簧圈在 生理盐 水中阳 极溶解 电化 学过程, 确定 了溶断弹簧圈的 电流范围。分析 了不同材料及 表面预处理 对不锈 钢孔蚀 电位的 影响, 为电解 脱离 弹簧圈的选择提 供了依据     

血清Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原及板层素对肝纤维化的诊断价值

目的：探索诊断早期肝纤维化的敏感指标。方法：用放射免疫法检测２３６例各型肝病患者血清Ⅲ型胶原（ＴｐｙｅⅢｃｏｌａｇｅｎ,ＰＣⅢ）、Ⅳ型胶原（ＴｐｙｅⅣｃｏｌａｇｅｎ,Ⅳ－Ｃ）和板层素（Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ,ＬＮ）水平。结果：各类肝病患者血清ＰＣⅢ、Ⅳ－Ｃ和ＬＮ水平随病情进展而逐渐升高。以ＰＣⅢ≥１３５μｇ／Ｌ、Ⅳ－Ｃ≥１３０μｇ／Ｌ为诊断肝纤维化的临界点,其敏感度、特异性、准确率分别达８０％以上。结论：表明ＰＣⅢ、Ⅳ－Ｃ及ＬＮ可作为肝纤维化诊断较为敏感的指标,其中Ⅳ－Ｃ对早期肝纤维化的诊断优于ＰＣⅢ及ＬＮ,对肝癌的诊断有一定意义     

人抑制素α亚基单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

目的：建立分泌抗人抑制素α亚基３７ － ６５ 片段单克隆抗体（ 单抗） 细胞株,并对单抗进行免疫学鉴定。方法：以猪卵泡液粗提物为免疫原,免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ 小鼠,取其脾细胞与ＮＳ１ 小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合。杂交瘤细胞用人工合成的人抑制素α亚基３７ －６５ 片段包被,间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法筛选。结果：获得稳定分泌抗人抑制素α亚基３７ － ６５ 片段单抗细胞３ 株,ＥＬＩＳＡ 检测腹水效价为１×１０－ ５～１×１０ －３ ,与α亚基１ －３２ 及其他多肽激素无交叉反应,３ 株识别同一抗原位点。相对亲和力为ⅠＡ５ ＞ Ⅳ３Ｃ＞ Ⅴ５Ｇ。腹水中的抗体能明显地被人卵泡液和猪卵泡液和α（３７ － ６４）中和。结论：３ 株细胞有特异性、敏感性和实用性。抗体可用于人的正常组织及部分肿瘤组织免疫组化研究     

新三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠溃疡的对照研究

目的：探讨硫糖铝新三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）阳性十二指肠溃疡的疗效和安全性。方法：将ＨＰ阳性十二指肠溃疡患者随机分为３组：Ａ组（ｎ＝４５）和Ｂ组（ｎ＝４２）分别接受硫糖铝＋呋喃唑酮＋兰索拉唑和胶体铋剂＋阿莫西林＋甲硝唑治疗,Ｃ组（ｎ＝４３）接受呋喃唑酮＋兰索拉唑治疗,疗程均为２周。停药４周后复查胃镜,了解ＨＰ根除率和溃疡愈合率,并随访１年。结果：停药４周后Ａ组、Ｂ组、Ｃ组ＨＰ根除率和溃疡愈合率     

界面缩聚法制备聚芳酯复合纳滤膜的研究 Ⅰ.基膜的制备

分别以聚醚砜（ＰＥＳ）,磺化聚砜（ＳＰＳＦ）和ＰＥＳ合金膜为基膜,分析了相容性对膜性能以及不同种类基膜对界面缩聚的影响。用电镜分别观察ＰＥＳ单组分膜和合金膜的断面形貌。结果表明：用小孔径的合金膜为基膜得到的复合膜具有较好的脱盐能力,对Ｎａ２ＳＯ４的脱除率达到９０％。     

人参根及茎叶皂苷对群养及隔离孤独饲育小鼠神经精神药理作用的研究

人参根及茎叶皂苷 ５０～２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ能使群养小鼠的自发运动量明显增加,８周隔离饲育小鼠比群养小鼠自发运动量明显增加,人参根皂苷能使其剂量依赖性降低,而人参茎叶皂苷影响不明显;对戊巴比妥钠所致睡眠试验中,隔离孤独饲育小鼠比群养小鼠睡眠时间明显缩短（ｔ＝４．３５６,Ｐ＜０．００１）。人参根皂苷 ５０～２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ使孤独饲育小鼠的睡眠时间随剂量增加而延长,２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ组与对照组比较,ｔ＝３． ６６５,Ｐ＜０．０１。并能使 ８周隔离饲育的小鼠 ２０ ｍｉｎ内连续攻击时间有意义地下降（ｔ＝４．５４０,Ｐ＝０．００１）,但人参茎叶皂苷效果不明显。证明人参根及茎叶皂苷具有中枢兴奋作用,同时人参根皂苷还具有中枢镇静作用。