1981-1993年杭州口岸航空食品卫生细菌检测分析

本文报导了自1981年-1993年对杭州→香港中国民航航班及港龙航空公司航班,九大类供机食品卫生监督检验结果及分析.按不同年份,各类食品,不同检验项目以及不同航空公司配餐食品卫生质量分别作了比较.共检供机食品969份,合格535份,不合格434份,总合格率为55.21%.不同食品的合格率比较,合格率最高的是糕点为75.22%,其次为面饭为74.32%,合格率最低的是色拉为11.11%.     

261例肺结核死亡病例分析

１９８４ —１９９８ 年间省肺科医院住院肺结核病人中死亡２６１ 例,病死率２ ．３１ ％ ,死亡趋于老年化;死因以慢性心肺功能不全为第一位;有５７ ．５ ％ 死前痰检阳性,对人群造成一定威胁;提出必须对肺结核患者早期发现,正规化疗,以降低死亡率     

医疗机构收支状况与差额补助分析

该文通过对3省、3市和3县的调查,从医疗机构收支状况的实际出发,探讨卫生事业费分配结构调整的可行性及其对策,提出：调整不合理的医疗服务收费价格,是卫生事业费分配结构调整的前提;卫生事业费分配结构调整,先逐步减少较富裕地区的差额补助,将调整出采的经费用于防治防疫和妇幼保健或较贫困地区的卫生服务方面。     

江苏省集中式供水卫生监督管理现状

为全面了解我省集中式供水单位卫生监督管理的基本情况,我们对 １９９８年度全省 １３个市的市、县、乡和村级水厂进行了调查,结果表明：乡、村两级水厂未受到有效监督和管理,其卫生许可证持证率、自检能力、消毒剂和净水剂应用、对水源水和末梢水的监测率都明显低于市级水厂（Ｐ＜０．０１）。全省水厂消毒问题较突出,乡、村级水厂消毒率仅为５１．９％、５．７％,全省以地下水为水源的水厂消毒率仅１９．５％;全省乡和村级水厂出厂水余氯达标率分别为５７．１％、２０．７％,末梢水分别为５７．４％、２２．４％。加强对乡、村两级水厂的监督管理显得十分重要。     

人参皂甙Rg1、Rb1和维生素E对氧化损伤的牛RPE细胞p53表达的影响

目的：检验氧化损伤的牛RPE细胞是否存在p53基因表达的变化和人参皂甙Rg1、Rb1和维生素E对其的影响,以期进一步研究RPE细胞氧化损害的机理.方法：建立牛RPE细胞氧化损伤模型,原位杂交技术测定RPE细胞p53mRNA的表达,免疫组化技术测定p53蛋白表达.结果：p53蛋白表达阳性的牛RPE细胞的细胞核染成黄色,与次黄嘌吟／黄嘌吟氧化酶（HX／XO）组p53蛋白阳性的细胞数相比较,正常对照组,Rg1（0.1mg.L-1）组及VitE（10mg.L-1）组存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）,而与Rb1（10mg.L-1）组无显著性差异.原位杂交法测定P53mRNA表达,牛RPE细胞P53mRNA表达阳性可在细胞浆内见到位于细胞周边部的蓝紫色絮状物,分别与HX／XO组阳性的细胞相比较,正常对照组,Rg1组及VitE组存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）,而与Rb1组无显著性差异.结论：氧化损伤可导致基因P53mRNA及其蛋白在RPE细胞内的表达明显增加.人参皂甙Rg1和VitE对抗氧自由基对RPE细胞损伤的机制可能是通过清除氧自由基,影响凋亡基困p53的表达,从而有效地抑制氧自由基对RPE细胞的损伤.     

Excess mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma in an HCV-endemic township of an HBV-endemic country (Taiwan)

Taiwan is an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV). All previous studies have concluded that HBV is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Taiwan. An HBV- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-endemic township, Tzukuan, in southern Taiwan has been identified with the prevalence of 24% for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and 37% for anti-HCV antibodies. To elucidate the aetiology of HCC and impact of HCV in this township, we conducted a case-control study and compared HBV-related liver cancer mortality in Tzukuan and Taiwan as a whole. Based on cancer registration datasets of 2 medical centres from 1991 to 1995, we recruited 18 male and 9 female HCC cases from the study township. Their mean age (+/- standard deviation) was 60.3 (+/- 7.3) years. Randomly sampled from a community-based survey, 4 age- (+/- 2 years) and sex-matched residents were selected as community controls for each HCC case. The HBsAg carrier rate was 40.7% in cases and 25.0% in controls (P = 0.1). Anti-HCV positive rate was 88.9% in cases and 53.7% in controls (P = 0.008). Age-adjusted liver cancer mortality in Tzukuan (36.5 per 10(5)) was significantly higher than that of Taiwan as a whole (20 per 10(5)). Based on the HBsAg-positive rate among HCC patients (40.7% in Tzukuan and 77.4-86.6% in Taiwan), the estimated HBV-related liver cancer mortality was similar in Tzukuan (14.9 per 10(5)) and Taiwan (15.8-17.3 per 10(5)). We concluded that HCV was the major risk factor for excess liver cancer mortality in this HCV-endemic township of the HBV-endemic country.     

Mifepristone regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor and uterine receptivity in rabbits

The effects of mifepristone on production of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and uterine receptivity in rabbits was studied. In ovariectomized rabbits, LIF protein was at an undetectable level in control (score = 0), and upregulated by progesterone alone (score = 4). Estrogen had no additive effect, and may even have had a slightly negative effect when the rabbits were treated with both estrogen and progesterone (score = 3). Meanwhile, mifepristone obviously inhibited the stimulation of progesterone on the production of LIF in rabbit uterus (score = 1). The results also showed that LIF protein has a beneficial effect on uterine receptivity and mifepristone prevents this effect. The transfer of embryos to LIF-treated recipients significantly increased pregnancy (70%) and implantation rate (31%) as compared with control (pregnant rate = 50% and implantation rate = 17%). The transfer of embryos to LIF and mifepristone-treated recipients significantly decreased pregnancy (30%) and implantation rate (9%). The results of this study suggest that mifepristone prevented the effects of progesterone on LIF production and the beneficial effect of LIF on uterine receptivity.     

A nerve growth factor from the venom of Chinese cobra (Naja naja atra) and its effects on male reproductive system in rats

A nerve growth factor (NGF) was isolated from the venom of Chinese cobra (Naja naja atra) by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The N-terminal sequence of 22 amino acid residues was identical with other NGFs previously purified from the venom of the same genus. The NGF monomer molecular weight was estimated to be 13,500 by reducing SDS-PAGE and the isoelectric point was determined to be 7.2 by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. NGF improved the epididymal sperm motility of male rats and increased the pregnancy rate and fetus number of mated female rats. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) of male rats administrated NGF + gossypol was lower than that of male rats administrated gossypol. Histological sections of testes and epididymides showed that NGF reduced the destructive effects of gossypol on rat testes.     

介入栓塞治疗用电解脱弹簧圈的电化学研究

本文研究了用 于介入栓塞颅内 动脉瘤的不锈 钢弹簧圈在 生理盐 水中阳 极溶解 电化 学过程, 确定 了溶断弹簧圈的 电流范围。分析 了不同材料及 表面预处理 对不锈 钢孔蚀 电位的 影响, 为电解 脱离 弹簧圈的选择提 供了依据