Induction of hepatic phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes by 1,7-phenanthroline in rats is accompanied by induction of MRP3.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 1,7-phenanthroline (PH), which has been proposed to be a selective phase II enzyme inducer, on the gene expression of xenobiotic transporters, as well as hepatic and renal drug-metabolizing enzymes. After oral administration of PH for 3 days to male Sprague-Dawley rats, mRNA levels in liver (75 and 150 mg/kg doses) and kidney (75 mg/kg dose only) were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. At 150 mg/kg/day, PH treatment resulted in significant increases in hepatic mRNA levels of Mrp3 (36-fold), UGT1A6 (20-fold), UGT2B1 (4-fold), and quinone reductase (QR, 5-fold), compared with the vehicle-treated group. Similar increases in Mrp3 (99-fold), UGT1A6 (17-fold), UGT2B1 (3-fold), and QR (11-fold) mRNA levels were observed in the liver after PH treatment of rats at 75 mg/kg/day. In contrast, the expression levels of CYP2C11 and Oatp2 were decreased by approximately 80 and 50%, respectively. In addition, PH (75 mg/kg/day) elicited statistically significant changes in renal gene expression of CYP3A1, UGT1A6, QR, and Mrp3, but the magnitude of renal Mrp3 induction was less than 2-fold over control. Although PH is known to modulate hepatic glucuronidation in vivo, these data indicated that PH induced mRNA levels of the efflux transporter, Mrp3, which may also affect the disposition of xenobiotics.     

瘤内注射重组人p53腺病毒治疗晚期肺癌临床试验观察

目的 观察重组人p53腺病毒注射液(rAd-p53)在晚期肺癌治疗中的疗效和毒副反应。方法 12例IIIb-IV期肺癌及3例肺转移癌,CT定位经皮肺穿刺瘤内注射rAd-p53,1 次/周×4/疗程;通过临床观察、CT及病理对照及短期随访进行评价。结果 治疗后2 月观察肿瘤缩小5例(33.3%),无变化7例(46.7%),增大3例(20%);治疗后病理观察:癌组织坏死,癌细胞稀少(6/11,54.5%);除自限性发热外,无明显毒副反应。结论rAd-p53瘤内注射治疗肺癌,无明显毒副作用,能较好地抑制局部肿瘤的发展,尤其对失去手术机会,不能耐受放化疗的患者,是一种可行的有前景的方法。     

uPA、uPAR、nm23-H1在大肠癌中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和转移的关系

 目的探讨尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(uPA)、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体(uPAR)和nm23H1基因蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和淋巴结转移的关系。方法应用免疫组化SABC法,对121例大肠癌手术根治标本进行uPA、uPAR和nm23H1基因蛋白测定。结果uPA、uPAR和nm23H1阳性表达率分别为62%、74%和48%。uPA和uPAR高表达与大肠癌侵袭和淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05)。nm23H1基因蛋白的低表达与大肠癌分化程度和淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。大肠癌中uPA和nm23H1蛋白表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论uPA、uPAR和nm23H1基因蛋白表达与大肠癌侵袭和转移有显著相关性;同时检测uPA和nm23H1表达状况,可作为预测大肠癌淋巴结转移及预后的有用指标。     

肺部球形病灶CT、MRI和PET的综合性研究

 目的　研究CT、MRI、PET在肺部球形病灶中的综合诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析 6 5例有CT、MRI、PET资料并经病理证实的肺部球形病灶。结果　分析CT、MRI及PET三者敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值 ,并进行比较 ,发现其敏感性和特异性均无显著性差异 (P值分别为0 .377和 0 .7)。通过CT、MRI、PET的互补 ,在 4 4例肺癌中 ,仅 1例误诊 ,2 1例良性病变中 ,诊断正确的有 19例 ,其敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 97.7%、90 .5 %、95 .4 %、95 .6 %和95 %。结论　多种手段的综合利用 ,有助于提高肺部球形病灶的诊断正确率。     

乳腺部患者手术创面冲洗液细胞学检查的价值

目的 观察乳腺癌患者手术创面脱落癌细胞与临床病理分期的关系,为术中采用杀来脱落癌细胞的措施提供依据。方法 对２６２例乳腺癌患者手术创面冲洗液进行细胞学检查,并将结果与临床病理分期做对比分析。结果 本组虱脱落癌细胞阳性者６３例,占２４％。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期乳腺癌患者脱落癌细胞检出率分别为５．３％、２７．１％、７９．３％１００％。Ｔ１、Ｔ２和Ｔ３以上者,脱落癌细胞检出纺分别为６．１％、１８．９％、５６１     

单克隆抗体与超抗原结合物介导的T细胞抗肿瘤作用研究进展

超抗原(SAg)是一类能高效地刺激T细胞增殖并且使之释放大量细胞因子的细菌或病毒产物.SAg与抗肿瘤单克隆抗体(McAb)的偶联物或者利用基因工程手段制成的它们的融合蛋白对MHCⅡ类分子阳性或阴性的肿瘤细胞都有强大的杀伤作用.体外细胞毒实验和动物体内实验的研究结果表明,它很有可能成为一种有效的新型肿瘤免疫导向治疗剂.但是目前尚未见临床应用的报道.本文综述了用McAb与SAg结合物介导的T细胞对肿瘤进行免疫导向治疗的实验研究进展.     

Impairment in short-term but enhanced long-term synaptic potentiation and ERK activation in adult hippocampal area CA1 following developmental thyroid hormone insufficiency.

Thyroid hormones are critical for the development and maturation of the central nervous system. Insufficiency of thyroid hormones during development impairs performance on tasks of learning and memory that rely upon the hippocampus and impairs synaptic function in young hypothyroid animals. The present study was designed to determine if perturbations in synaptic function persist in adult euthyroid animals exposed developmentally to insufficient levels of hormone. Pre- and postnatal thyroid hormone insufficiency was induced by administration of 3 or 10 ppm propylthiouracil (PTU) to pregnant and lactating dams via the drinking water from gestation day (GD) 6 until postnatal day (PN) 30. This regimen produced a graded level of hormonal insufficiency in the dam and the offspring. Population spike and population excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) were recorded at the pyramidal cell layer and the stratum radiatum, respectively, in area CA1 of hippocampal slices from adult male offspring. PTU exposure increased baseline synaptic transmission, reduced paired-pulse facilitation, and increased the magnitude of the population spike long-term potentiation (LTP). Phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) was increased as a function of LTP stimulation in slices from PTU-exposed adult animals. On the other hand, no differences in the basal levels of synaptic proteins implicated in synaptic plasticity (total ERK, synapsin, growth-associated protein-43, and neurogranin) were detected. These results reinforce previous findings of persistent changes in synaptic function and, importantly extend these observations to moderate levels of thyroid hormone insufficiency that do not induce significant toxicity to the dams or the offspring. Such alterations in hippocampal synaptic function may contribute to persistent behavioral deficits associated with developmental hypothyroidism.     

武汉东湖微囊藻毒素污染及其在鱼体内的动态研究

目的　了解武汉东湖微囊藻毒素污染水平及其在鱼体内的富集状况。方法　 2 0 0 0年 7月和 10月 ,采集了湖边和湖中的水样和鱼样 ,用ELISA法对样品的微囊藻毒素 (MC)进行测定。结果　各采样点都有蓝藻的污染 ,蓝藻已成为东湖的优势藻种。 10月份水中MC含量 ,显著高于 7月份水中MC含量 (P <0 0 5 ) ;肝脏中MC含量 ,显著高于肌肉中MC含量 (P<0 0 5 )。     

血细胞分析仪的工作原理及其近期发展

本文简要介绍了血细胞分析仪的主要工作原理，各主要厂家在血细胞分析仪上采用的白细胞分类技术及业界的技术进展。     

女性肾上腺性征异常症

目的 探讨女性假两性畸形的诊断和治疗的时机及方法。方法 回顾性分析近23年来收治的31例患儿的诊疗资料。1～6岁19例，7～14岁12例。性染色体均为46，XX。腕骨骨龄大于实际年龄的18例。出生后均见阴蒂肥大，27例为尿生殖窦单一开口，4例分别见到尿道和阴道口，半数已长出阴毛、声粗、痤疮，最小者2岁，3例14岁患儿身高不足150cm。行B超检查及尿生殖窦造影的病例均有正常女性生殖道。失盐型3例，在新生儿期出现危象而确诊。结果 剖腹探查的9例有正常卵巢及内生殖道。26例作了阴蒂缩短成形或肥大阴蒂切除，小阴唇成形。除1例外，其余30例均在确诊后接受内科药物治疗。结论 典型的女性肾上腺性征异常诊断虽不难，但就诊年龄多较晚，药物治疗滞后，对患儿的生理和心理有严重的负面影响。典型患儿不必作剖腹探查。失盐型患儿多在新生儿期出现危象，应尽早诊疗。