舒血宁注射液干预急性心肌梗死介入治疗患者血浆糖原合成酶激酶3β水平的变化

目的:观察急性心肌梗死经皮冠脉内介入治疗患者血浆糖原合成酶激酶3β及脂质过氧化反应水平变化及舒血宁注射液的干预作用。方法:选取2004-11/2005-09在解放军总医院行急诊经皮冠脉内介入治疗的急性心肌梗死患者45例。随机数字表法分为舒血宁组23例,男15例,女8例,平均年龄(56.8±10.3)岁。在经皮冠脉内介入治疗基础上加用舒血宁注射液40mL静脉注射,1次/d,共7d。对照组22例,男13例,女9例;平均年龄(55.3±11.5)岁。行经皮冠脉内介入治疗,另取15例健康人血浆为正常对照,平均年龄(52.3±8.3)岁。分别应用ELISA法、分光光度计法、聚合酶链反应法和western blotting法,检测患者入院时及术后第1,3,7天的血浆糖原合成酶激酶3β、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛水平。结果:45例患者、15名正常人全部进入结果分析。①血浆糖原合成酶激酶3βmRNA及糖原合成酶激酶3β蛋白含量:舒血宁组和对照组患者入院时、术后1d较正常组升高;术后3d和7d舒血宁组低于对照组(3d:0.224±0.023比0.321±0.036,0.401±0.044比0.524±0.054;7d:0.186±0.021比0.245±0.033,0.154±0.025比0.215±0.022,P<0.01)。②血浆超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛及肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6水平:舒血宁组和对照组患者入院时、术后1d血浆白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、丙二醛水平均高于正常组;术后3d和7d患者血浆白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、丙二醛水平显著降低,舒血宁组低于对照组,超氧化物歧化酶活性高于对照组。结论:心肌梗死经皮冠脉内介入治疗患者血浆糖原合成酶激酶3βmRNA及蛋白水平呈先上升后下降的趋势,舒血宁注射液能减轻再灌注损伤,具有心肌保护作用,该作用可能与血浆糖原合成酶激酶3βmRNA及蛋白调节有关。     

赤芍总苷诱导K562细胞凋亡及对线粒体膜电位和Ca2+的影响

目的:赤芍总苷能诱导鼠HepA和S180细胞凋亡,但赤芍总苷能否抑制K562细胞增殖及其诱导K562细胞凋亡的机制尚不明确.观察赤芍总苷诱导人红白血病细胞株K562细胞凋亡及线粒体膜电位与Ca2 水平的变化,以探讨凋亡机制.方法:实验于2007-03-02/2007-10-20在北京中医药大学细胞生化实验室,国家重点实验完成.①实验材料:赤芍总苷由西安奥晶科技发展有限公司提供,批号:060417,纯度>95%.人红白血病K562细胞株购自上海中科院细胞库.②实验方法:取对数生长期的K562细胞,培养24 h后加入50 mg/L赤芍总苷进行干预,光镜下观察细胞形态.MTT显色法检测25,50,75,100,150,200,400 mg/L赤芍总苷对K562细胞增殖的抑制作用,以仅加入无血清培养基培养的为对照.③实验评估:采用Annexin V/PI双标记法检测凋亡效应,罗丹明123(Rh123)染色流式检测线粒体膜电位和荧光染料Fluo-3AM流式检测K562细胞内游离Ca2 浓度.结果:①50 mg/L 赤芍总苷作用K562细胞24 h后,出现核固缩、核碎裂和凋亡小体等形态学改变.②与对照组相比,不同质量浓度赤芍总苷能明显抑制K562细胞的增殖(P < 0.01),并具有量效关系,呈时间和剂量依赖性.③细胞线粒体经Rh123染色呈现明亮绿,不同质量浓度赤芍总苷干预组荧光强度均较对照组明显减弱,膜电位水平较高.④赤芍总苷可引起细胞线粒体膜电位下降.不同质量浓度赤芍总苷组细胞内游离Ca2 浓度均升高, 线粒体膜电位下降,与对照组比较差异显著(P < 0.01).结论:赤芍总苷诱导K562细胞凋亡的可能机制是通过减低细胞内线粒体膜电位及提高游离Ca2 水平,从而导致细胞凋亡.     

Affect and Incident Participation Restriction in Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis

Objective

Participation restriction, common among people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), may be influenced by affect. We examined the risk of incident participation restriction over 84 months conferred by positive and negative affect among people with knee OA.

Methods

Participants were from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study and had or were at high risk of knee OA. Participation restriction was measured using the Instrumental Role Limitation subscale of the Late‐Life Disability Index, and affect was measured using the positive affect and depressed mood subscales of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Robust Poisson regression was used to calculate the risk of incident participation restriction over 84 months conferred by combinations of low and high positive and negative affect, adjusting for covariates.

Results

Of 1,810 baseline participants (mean age 62.1 years, 56% female), 470 (26%) had incident participation restriction over 84 months. Participants with low positive affect had 20% greater risk of incident participation restriction than those with high positive affect; participants with high negative affect had 50% greater risk of incident participation restriction compared to those with low negative affect. Participants with both low positive and high negative affect had 80% greater risk of incident participation restriction compared to other combinations of positive and negative affect.

Conclusion

Low positive and high negative affect, both alone and in combination, increase the risk of participation restriction among adults with knee OA. Efforts aimed at preventing participation restriction in this population should consider these mood states.

     

Multistate outbreak of hepatitis A associated with frozen strawberries.

A multistate outbreak of hepatitis A was traced to frozen strawberries processed at a single plant. Among 827 students and 60 teachers at an elementary school in Georgia during a 2-week period, 15 developed hepatitis A. Three months later, among 174 residents and 467 staff in an institution for the developmentally disabled in Montana during a 3-week period, 13 developed hepatitis A. Primary attack rates were 10% in the school and 8% in the institution. Cohort analysis in the school implicated consumption of strawberry shortcake in hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection (relative risk, 7.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-55.6). In the institution, such analysis implicated desserts and uncooked strawberries as the most biologically plausible vehicle of HAV transmission. Molecular analysis of HAV from patients in the two outbreaks revealed that the viral genomes were genetically identical and distinct from other known US strains. Contamination of food products before retail distribution is rare but should be considered in investigating common-source outbreaks of hepatitis A.     

丙型肝炎病毒感染者血清中抗-HCV-IgG抗体轻链比值检测的临床意义

目的探讨丙型肝炎患者保护性免疫缺陷的原因。方法根据HCV C区和NS4基因序列设计并人工合成3条合成肽,采用抗原捕捉酶联免疫吸附试验检测HCV感染者血清中抗.HCV IgG抗体轻链κ/λ比值。结果 抗-HCVSP42,CP10和CP9抗体轻链的表达呈明显的偏斜;84例抗-HCV阳性者中82例(97.62％)抗-HCV IgG抗体轻链κ/λ比值恒定不变。结论HCV感染者抗-HCV抗体的产生不均匀性并呈稳定的克隆性。B细胞克隆优势化可能是HCV感染后机体保护免疫缺陷的原因之一。     

Melatonin modulates the fetal cardiovascular defense response to acute hypoxia

Experimental studies in animal models supporting protective effects on the fetus of melatonin in adverse pregnancy have prompted clinical trials in human pregnancy complicated by fetal growth restriction. However, the effects of melatonin on the fetal defense to acute hypoxia, such as that which may occur during labor, remain unknown. This translational study tested the hypothesis, in vivo, that melatonin modulates the fetal cardiometabolic defense responses to acute hypoxia in chronically instrumented late gestation fetal sheep via alterations in fetal nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Under anesthesia, 6 fetal sheep at 0.85 gestation were instrumented with vascular catheters and a Transonic flow probe around a femoral artery. Five days later, fetuses were exposed to acute hypoxia with or without melatonin treatment. Fetal blood was taken to determine blood gas and metabolic status and plasma catecholamine concentrations. Hypoxia during melatonin treatment was repeated during in vivo NO blockade with the NO clamp. This technique permits blockade of de novo synthesis of NO while compensating for the tonic production of the gas, thereby maintaining basal cardiovascular function. Melatonin suppressed the redistribution of blood flow away from peripheral circulations and the glycemic and plasma catecholamine responses to acute hypoxia. These are important components of the fetal brain sparing response to acute hypoxia. The effects of melatonin involved NO‐dependent mechanisms as the responses were reverted by fetal treatment with the NO clamp. Melatonin modulates the in vivo fetal cardiometabolic responses to acute hypoxia by increasing NO bioavailability.     

常染色体显性遗传病伴皮质下梗死和白质脑病的临床研究进展

常染色体显性遗传病伴皮质下梗死和白质脑病(cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy,CADASIL)是一种临床上罕见的以中年人发病的遗传性微小动脉疾病,由19号染色体上Notch3基因突变所致的遗传性卒中疾病.该病患者初期多有偏头痛发作史,中年时反复发作短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack, TIA)或缺血脑卒中,病程晚期患者可出现进行性加重的痴呆及精神症状.头颅磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)检查显示双侧大脑半球多发的白质病变,为本病特征性的影像学表现.本文总结了该病临床研究进展,包括临床表现、神经影像学表现、CADASIL量表、病理学及分子遗传学,以加深对该病的认识,从而有助于早期诊断,减少误诊和漏诊.     

Marginal bone loss around dental implants with and without microthreads in the neck: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Statement of problem

Whether microthreads in the crestal portion can reduce the amount of marginal bone loss (MBL) around implants has not yet been determined.