Mechanism of testicular atrophy induced by di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Part 1

Repeated oral doses of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) to male rats caused a decrease in testicular fructose and glucose and a sloughing of the germ cells on the first day of treatment. On day 2, more severe sloughing was seen and was accompanied by decreases in testicular iron and zinc levels and increases in the level of inositol and cholesterols. The sloughing was followed by atrophy, accompanied by dissociation of the germ cells from the Sertoli cells and reduction of triglycerides, cholesterols and phospholipids containing choline and ethanolamine residues in the testis.     

电脑比配色仪与比色板之间的相近性分析

目的：通过对比色记录的分析，比较Vita比色板、松风Vintage Halo比色板和电脑比配色仪之间的相近性和差异性。方法：随机抽取100名年龄在21～24岁的本地在校大学生，由男女两位测试者使用电脑比配色仪、Vita比色板和松风Vintage Halo比色板对被测试者的左上中切牙进行比色分析。结果：三种比色方法均以A色调最为集中，占总数的55％以上。其次是D色调占总数20％以上。男女测试者的选色在A、R、VR．系列中无明显差异。结论：电脑比配色仪、Vita比色板、松风Vintage Halo比色板均不能完全覆盖本地区青年天然中切牙的色度特征，只在A色调系列中重复率较高。     

A cyclic peptide–polymer probe for the detection of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A

A Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) ELISA detection system was developed based upon an 11-mer cyclic peptide, termed C11-019, that was identified through peptide phage display technology. The assay employs a sandwich format using the C11-019 cyclic peptide attached to a PEMA (poly(ethylene maleic anhydride)) matrix as the capture phase and anti-BoNT/A polyclonal antibodies as the detection phase. Results reported demonstrate that the C11-019 peptide–polymer can specifically bind to BoNT/A with no cross-reactivity to other serotypes examined in assay buffers and a variety of body fluids and foodstuffs. When a highly sensitive chemiluminescent substrate was engaged, the detection of 1 pg/mL could be readily achieved within 3 h with a linear range of 0.1–1 ng/mL. These results demonstrate that an inexpensive peptide–polymer-based capture ELISA system can be used for rapid, sensitive and highly specific BoNT detection.     

A comparative study of using comet assay and gammaH2AX foci formation in the detection of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced DNA damage.

Comet assay is a useful technique in the detection of DNA damages, particularly DNA strand breaks; and it has been utilized to show that a potent carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), can induce such damages. Recently, gammaH2AX foci formation has been suggested as another sensitive way to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, there is no systematic comparison being conducted to evaluate the consistency of these two methods. Using MNNG as a model chemical, the sensitivity of neutral comet assay and gammaH2AX foci formation in detecting MNNG-induced damage was studied. It was found that at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 microg/ml, both methods can detect MNNG-induced damage in human amnion FL cells. However, at 0.1 microg/ml, comet assay revealed more percentage of cells with DNA damage than gammaH2AX fluorescence revealed. On the other hand, while gammaH2AX foci were readily formed at very early times by 10 microg/ml MNNG treatment, neutral comet assay did not detect any significant DNA damage at the same time points. In addition, 10 microg/ml MNNG induced a distinct whole nuclei staining pattern of gammaH2AX, a type of DNA damage which was not detected by neutral comet assay but could be detected by alkaline comet assay. Therefore, gammaH2AX may be used as a sensitive indicator for DNA damage.     

Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: substitution by the colon and stomach]

Thirty-one cases with hypopharyngeal carcinoma and 4 cases with esophageal carcinoma in cervical segment were treated surgically from April 1984 to April 1989. In 6 cases, while preserving the larynx, the hypopharynx and the esophagus were resected and reestablished by the colon. In 29 cases, total laryngectomy was also performed and 4 had their hypopharynx and esophagus substituted by the colon and 25 by the stomach. According to UICC (1982), there were 11 cases in stage II, 15 in stage III and 9 in stage IV. The mean 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 62% and 32% respectively. In fatal cases, 4 cases had recurrences at the site of pharyngeal anastomoses and 11 had metastases in the neck.     

Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血的评价(附6例报告)

目的:评价直肠癌根治术中用Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血(MPVP)的临床价值。方法:分析1995~2005年用Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血6例的临床资料。结果:6例骶前大出血中全部用Foley尿管气囊压迫控制出血,术中出血量为800~1700mL,Foley尿管于术后4d拔除3例,5d1例,6d2例,均无再出血,会阴切口均一期愈合。结论:Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血是一种简单安全有效的治疗方法。     

大鼠自体异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植的实验研究

目的　探讨自、异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植技术在创面修复中的应用。　方法　 30只大鼠随机配成 15对后 ,分成细胞悬液移植组 (A组 ,10对 )和细胞膜片移植组 (B组 ,5对 )。取每只大鼠全厚皮 ,分离表皮细胞 ,并根据配对情况按 1∶1的细胞比例混合 ,体外常规培养。 4d后收获A组混合细胞悬液 ,14d后收获B组混合细胞膜片。将此细胞悬液和膜片分别转移至A、B组相应供体大鼠的去全厚皮创面。随后A组每对大鼠的创面交叉覆盖配对方的异体全厚皮 ;B组创面覆盖胶原膜及“优妥”敷料。比较移植后 2～ 3周两组的创面修复情况。　结果　术后 2～ 3周 ,A组创面大多愈合 ,表面光滑 ,与皮下连接紧密。术后第 5天 ,B组创面部分细胞膜片脱落 ,部分成活 ,膜片成活的创面后期再次出现小创面 ,经久不愈。　结论　自、异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植是一种可行的、体内构建皮肤、修复创面的方法。     

综合医院医务人员感染SARS情况对比分析

目的：分析在防治SARS工作初期、后期医务人员感染SARS的差异和采取的对策，为减少综合医院内医务人员SARS的感染提供参考。方甚：对本院自2003年3月24日至6月2日SARS诊断治疗任务中发生的医务人员的感染原因和采取的对策进行回顾性分析。结果：防治SARS工作初期，急诊科交叉感染和在SARS隔离病房等与SARS患者密切接触的工作岗位，共有17名医务人员感染，及时隔离治疗，均已痊愈，未造成医护人员的进一步交叉感染：经加强防护培训，改善工作条件，在防治SARS工作后期，仅发生2名护工感染，亦已痊愈，派出非典医疗队实现零感染。结论：综合医院内医务人员感染SARS的问题严峻，加强医院内的全员防护培训，按岗分区管理，改善医务人员的工作条件和病人的隔离观察环境，做好监督检查，积极应对，可以减少医务人员的SARS感染。     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视的并发症

为分析准分子激光角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）治疗近视的并发症，对１３９例（２５７眼）ＰＲＫ术后随访半年至一年。结果表明：术后一年，低中度和高度组各有１眼最佳矫正视力丢失二行，分别占２．５％和３．３％；低中度和高度组的角膜上皮下１级混浊分别为１０．８１％和１５．１６％，２级混浊分别为２．７３％和０％；激素性高眼压，在发生率最高的３个月时，可分别达２４．３７％和２５．３２％，但这种反应性的眼压升高只是暂时的，容易控制；过矫和散光增加的发生率均较低，主要与术者的经验有关。随着术者经验的提高、手术设计的完善及术后用药的研究，这些并发症会降到最低水平。ＰＲＫ是安全、有效的。     

RNA-DNA杂交法研究乳酸脱氢酶-C基因在睾丸中特异性表达

用同位32~P标记乳酸脱氢酶-C(LDH-C)cDNA作为探针,与小鼠胸腺、脑、胰、心肌、骨骼肌、睾丸、肾、肺、肝的RNA以及人胰、皋丸、肝、骨骼肌、心肌及脑的RNA分别作点溃杂交(dot blot hybridization)及Northern印迹杂交,证实LDH-C基因只在睾丸中特异性表达。