中西医结合治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液并多发骨转移1例

恶性胸腔积液、多发骨转移是肺癌晚期的并发症,临床治疗颇为棘手,预后不良。文章介绍运用中西医结合疗法治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液、多发骨转移1例,明显提高了患者的生活质量,延长了生存期,体现了中西医结合在肺癌晚期治疗上具有一定的优势。     

HPLC测定小儿柴葛口服液原方中10种成分含量

目的:建立小儿柴葛口服液原方中3′-羟基葛根素、3′-甲氧基葛根素、葛根素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩苷、甘草苷、柴胡皂苷a、柴胡皂苷b_2的含量测定方法。方法:采用Agilent TC-C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min~(-1),柱温为30℃,检测波长为230、210 nm。结果:该方法的专属性良好,精密度、重复性和稳定性的RSD均小于2%;3′-羟基葛根素、3′-甲氧基葛根素、葛根素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩苷、甘草苷、柴胡皂苷a、柴胡皂苷b_2分别在0.005～0.078、0.010～0.163、0.038～0.603、0.014～0.226、0.004～0.052、0.011～0.170、0.049～0.780、0.003～0.046、0.006～0.092、0.002～0.036 mg·mL~(-1)呈良好线性关系;在测定的3批样品中上述化合物的平均质量分数分别为1.41、2.85、11.06、3.47、1.35、2.88、13.60、0.73、3.13、1.18 mg·g~(-1)。结论:该方法简便,易操作,重复性好,可用于小儿柴葛口服液原方中10种主要成分的含量测定。     

柴胡桂枝干姜汤应用心悟

柴胡桂枝干姜汤出自《伤寒论》,是仲景柴胡剂六大名方之一,临床应用广泛。本文从历代医家对柴胡桂枝干姜汤的论述中,总结出它的汤证病机有少阳病兼表邪未解,邪入少阳、汗下津伤,少阳病兼有水饮,上热下寒,胆热脾寒五个方面;功效有双解少阳表里,和解少阳、清热生津,和解少阳、温阳化饮,清上温下、寒热平调,和解少阳、温脾散寒,以及枢转气机、化痰开结等。孟毅教授按照"析八纲,辨六经,识方证"三个步骤,应用柴胡桂枝干姜汤时注重"少阳郁热、太阴虚寒"的病机和"口苦、便溏"的主症,精辨方证,活用经方,疗效显著。     

水莲风亏方治疗盆腔炎性疾病后遗症

目的观察水莲风亏方对盆腔炎性疾病后遗症患者的临床疗效。方法将70例盆腔炎性疾病后遗症患者随机分为试验组和对照组,各35例。试验组给予水莲风亏方加减治疗,对照组给予妇科千金片治疗,疗程均为8周。结果治疗后,试验组组症状评分有效率为94.29%(33/35),明显高于对照组71.43%(25/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组VAS疼痛评分、临床症状的变化情况、实验室指标(ESR、HCT)等均优于对照组(P<0.05);试验组不良反应例数低于对照组,但结果无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论水莲风亏方能有效缓解盆腔炎患者疼痛,减少炎症反应,下调红细胞沉降率(ESR)、红细胞压积(HCT)等血液流变学指标,效果显著。     

Addition of glomerular lesion severity improves the value of anemia status for the prediction of renal outcomes in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

We aimed to determine the utility of biopsy data and anemia for the prediction of renal outcomes in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. In total, 441 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and biopsy-confirmed diabetic nephropathy (DN) were enrolled in a retrospective study. Their renal pathology was assessed using the Renal Pathology Society system. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and immunofluorescence staining was used to assess the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-α in patients’ kidneys. We found that glomerular pathology classification was an independent pathological predictor of low hemoglobin concentration, according to linear and logistic regression analyses. Each 1 g/dL decrease in baseline hemoglobin concentration was associated with a 42% higher risk of an adverse renal outcome, after adjustment for clinical and pathologic covariates. In patients with severe glomerular lesions, the risk of progression to ESRD was significantly higher if mild or moderate/severe anemia was present, but in patients with mild glomerular lesions, the risk was only significantly higher in those with moderate or severe anemia than in the absence of anemia. Harrell’s C Concordance was improved, but the Akaike information criterion was worsened by adding the glomerular pathology classification to the use of anemia status and clinical data. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that renal HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression was significantly higher in classes II–IV than class I. Thus, the addition of glomerular pathology classification increases the value of anemia status for the prediction of the progression to ESRD.     

Practical aspects of electrophoretic deposition to produce commercially viable supercapacitor energy storage electrodes

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a highly convenient and demonstrated industrial operation for the manufacture of surface coatings. Recent years are seeing increasing evidence in using this technique to produce energy storage electrodes (notably for lithium-ion batteries, solid-state devices, supercapacitors, and flow batteries), but their advancement for industrialisation remains unclear. Using activated carbon (AC) as an exemplary supercapacitor material, this study reports the practical aspects of porous energy storage electrodes produced by the EPD technique. Practical electrodes with commercially viable parameters are shown, specifically high density active material (in excess of 9.8 mg cm⁻²) and very thick coating layer (about 168 μm). Research investigations including colloidal electrolyte formulations, electrode deposition parameters and cell performance testing are reported. Materials and electrode properties were studied by various charactersisation tools. Prototype A7 sized pouch cells were assembled and tested to show evidence of practical EPD electrodes in a commercial cell format. Electrochemical performance of EPD over slurry casting is presented. In short, this research shows the successful production of practical EPD electrodes for electrochemical energy storage, which is directly relevant for scale-up industrial adoption and can be applied as a platform electrode manufacturing technology for any battery and supercapacitor materials.

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a highly convenient and demonstrated industrial operation for coatings manufacture. It is now suitable for the production of practical energy storage electrodes for batteries, capacitors & solid-state devices.     

Two-step preparation of Keggin-PW12@UIO-66 composite showing high-activity and long-life conversion of soybean oil into biodiesel

A polyoxometalate acid can be encapsulated into a metal–organic framework to construct a novel kind of solid-acid catalyst. In this work, the two-step method —high-temperature preparation of Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(CH₃COO)₁₂ and low-temperature self-assembly—has been adopted to synthesize the PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite (PW₁₂ = H₃PW₁₂O₄₀; UIO-66 = Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(OOC–C₆H₄–COO)₁₂). The as-synthesized PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite exhibits highly crystalline, good octahedron morphology, large specific surface area (1960 m² g⁻¹) and high thermal stability (>500 °C), which clearly demonstrates the potential as a solid-acid catalyst. Additionally, the PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite may be accomplished with 85% utilization of H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ and 95% yield through this synthetic procedure. The performances of the PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite are investigated by catalyzing the simultaneous transesterification and esterification of soybean oil into biodiesel. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion of the soybean oil into biodiesel would exceed 90% over the as-synthesized PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite. As the crucial indexes for industrial prospects, the recycling and life experiments were surveyed. After 10 times recycling and 4 weeks, the structure and performance of the PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite remained unchanged and in the meantime the PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite still maintained a high activity to convert soybean oil into biodiesel.

A Keggin-PW₁₂@UIO-66 composite has been synthesized solvothermally through a two-step process and employed as a solid acid catalyst to convert soybean oil into biodiesel.     

Realizing high performance flexible supercapacitors by electrode modification

It is well known that the structure of an electrode material seriously affects its electrochemical performance. In this study, we prepare hybrid structured NiCo₂S₄@PPy nanoarchitectures by a hydrothermal method and subsequent electrodeposition process. The specific capacitance of the obtained sample is 1733.23 C g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹. The assembled asymmetric device presents an energy density of 59.59 W h kg⁻¹ at 1404.04 W kg⁻¹. The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the high theoretical specific capacitance of the NiCo₂S₄ sheets and the superior cycling stability of the PPy film. The device also shows an outstanding mechanical flexibility at different bending angles.

We prepare hybrid structured NiCo₂S₄@PPy nanoarchitectures by a hydrothermal method and subsequent electrodeposition process. The assembled asymmetric device presents an energy density of 59.59 W h kg⁻¹ at 1404.04 W kg⁻¹.