兔肺灌洗型呼吸窘迫综合症模型和猪肺表面活性物质的治疗作用

用整肺灌洗法复制兔ＲＤＳ模型，系统观察了灌洗液磷脂和蛋白质含量、血气、潮气量、肺顺应性、生命体征、Ｘ线胸片和病理形态学指标。结果显示：整肺灌洗法可迅速导致严重呼吸窘迫，其病理特征主要是ＰＳ系统功能急剧缺乏和肺损伤，用猪肺表面活性物质治疗后可获得明显改善。表明该模型病理性质介于ＡＲＤＳ和ＮＲＤＳ之间，用我们研制的猪肺表面活性物质替代治疗有较满意的疗效。     

示指血管神经的断面观测

用２７个成人示指作组织切片后，选取近侧、中间和远侧指横纹及相邻横纹１／２处的横断面切片，对指掌侧固有动脉、静脉和神经的位置、形态进行了观测。     

Expression of recombinant mouse IL-1beta significantly down-regulates NK cell mediated cytotolysis against H22 hepatoma cells]

AIM: To investigate the effect of the expression of recombinant IL-1beta in H22 hepatoma cells on its response to NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. METHODS: BALB/c mouse was stimulated by 6% of starch. Total RNA was prepared from peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs). IL-1beta gene (843 bp) was obtained by RT-PCR. The purified PCR product digested by Xho I and EcoR I was cloned into pIRES2-EGFP to construct the recombinant pIRES2-EGFP-mIL-1beta expression vector which was verified by PCR, restriction enzyme assay (Xho I and EcoR I) and DNA sequencing. Then the purified pIRES2-EGFP-mIL-1beta plasmid was transfected into H22 hepatoma cells by jetPEI. The expression level of recombinant IL-1beta was detected by RT-PCR and confocal microscopy. The cytotoxicity of wild-type spleenic NK cells against H22 cells was assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS: After the total RNA isolated from the starch stimulated BALB/c mouse PBMC, 843 bp IL-1beta gene in length was prepared by RT-PCR. The purified PCR product digested by EcoR I and Xho I was ligated by pIRES2-EGFP to create pIRES2-EGFP-mIL-1beta expression plasmid which was verified by PCR, restriction enzyme assay and DNA sequencing. Then pIRES2-EGFP-mIL-1beta was transfected into H22 hepatoma cells by jetPEI. RT-PCR and confocal microscopy assay showed these cells expressed high level of recombinant IL-1beta expression vector. In a 4-hour based MTT assay, IL-1beta in H22 cells was more resistant to NK92 cell mediated cytotoxicity compared with the cells transfected with pIRES2-EGFP. Meanwhile, the cytolytic capacity of the spleenic NK cells separated from wild-type mouse decreased about 10% when the ratio of effector to target was 40:1. CONCLUSION: The expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta can significantly down-regulate the cytolytic activity of NK cells against H22 hepatoma cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune escape of hepatoma from NK cell mediated innate immunity.     

钩藤碱降低内毒素血症小鼠死亡率的机制研究

目的： 观察钩藤碱对内毒素血症小鼠死亡率及器宫损伤的影响，并探讨其作用机制。方法: 雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、脂多糖（LPS）组、钩藤碱（Rhy）防治组和Rhy对照组，分别予以生理盐水、Rhy皮下注射，1 time/d，连续3 d，第3 d皮下注射后1 h，腹腔注射生理盐水或LPS（20 mg/kg）。观察各组小鼠的死亡率，肺、小肠组织病理改变；测定注射LPS后12 h各组肺湿/干重比值 (W/D)及血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）的水平；用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）及白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的含量，用硝酸还原酶法试剂盒测定血清一氧化氮（NO）的含量。进一步复制盲肠结扎穿孔的脓毒症模型， 观察钩藤碱对脓毒症小鼠生存率的影响。结果: LPS攻击后24 h小鼠的生存率明显低于对照组，8、16 mg/kg的钩藤碱防治组小鼠生存率高于LPS组。但钩藤碱并不能降低CLP小鼠的死亡率，而且，8 mg/kg钩藤碱治疗组小鼠的死亡率反而高于CLP小鼠的死亡率。LPS攻击后12 h病理检查发现LPS组小鼠肺及小肠组织均有严重的炎症表现；肺W/D、血清ALT、AST、BUN、Cr水平显著高于对照组；LPS攻击后2 h血清TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-10含量及8 h血清NO水平显著高于对照组。LPS攻击后12 h， Rhy防治组肺及小肠组织损伤无明显改善；肺W/D、血清ALT、AST、BUN、Cr水平与LPS组比较无显著差异；LPS攻击后2 h血清TNF-α水平显著低于LPS组，但2 h血清IL-1β及IL-10含量及8 h血清NO水平与LPS组比较无显著差异。结论: 钩藤碱能降低内毒素血症小鼠的死亡率，但不能降低脓毒症小鼠的死亡率，抑制TNF-α的生成可能是钩藤碱降低内毒素血症小鼠死亡率的机制之一。     

丹酚酸F调控Bax/Caspase-3/GSDME信号通路改善肾小管上皮细胞焦亡作用机制

目的 基于B细胞淋巴瘤-2（Bcl-2）相关X蛋白（Bax）/胱天蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）/消皮素E（GSDME）通路探讨丹酚酸F改善高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞（HK-2）损伤的机制。方法 细胞增殖与活性检测（CCK-8）法检测不同浓度（2.5、5、10、20 μmol·L^-1）丹酚酸F对高糖诱导的HK-2细胞相对活力的影响及给予丹酚酸F不同干预时间条件下HK-2细胞的相对活力;乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）试剂盒和酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）试剂盒分别检测细胞培养基上清中LDH和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的含量;流式细胞术结合异硫氰酸荧光素（Annexin V-FITC）/碘化丙啶（PI）和Hoechst 33342/PI染色检测丹酚酸F对高糖诱导的HK-2细胞PI阳性率的影响;蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）评价丹酚酸F对高糖诱导的HK-2细胞中Bax、Bcl-2、细胞色素C（Cyt C）、胱天蛋白酶-9（Caspase-9）、Caspase-3、GSDME蛋白表达及激活情况的影响。2,7-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯荧光探针法（DCFH-DA）及线粒体膜电位（JC-1）考察丹酚酸F对高糖诱导的HK-2细胞中活性氧（ROS）产生及线粒体膜电位的影响。结果 与空白组比较,模型组细胞活力显著降低（P<0.01）,乳酸脱氢酶、炎症因子IL-1β、PI阳性细胞比例均显著升高（P<0.01）;Bax、Cyt C、Caspase-9、Caspase-3、GSDME蛋白表达显著升高（P<0.01）,Bcl-2蛋白表达显著降低（P<0.01）,HK-2细胞线粒体膜电位的降低,ROS产生过量蓄积。与模型组比较,丹酚酸F组有效改善高糖诱导所致HK-2细胞的损伤（P<0.05）,明显降低细胞培养基上清中LDH及IL-1β含量（P<0.05,P<0.01）,显著减少PI阳性细胞的比例（P<0.01）;丹酚酸F组降低Bax、Cyt C、Caspase-9、Caspase-3、GSDME蛋白表达,明显升高Bcl-2蛋白表达（P<0.05,P<0.01）,HK-2细胞线粒体膜电位的升高,ROS的过量蓄积减少。结论 丹酚酸F通过减少ROS的产生,改善线粒体膜电位失衡,抑制Bax/Caspase-3/GSDME信号通路介导的细胞焦亡发挥改善高糖诱导所致HK-2细胞损伤的作用。     

Duration of improved muscle glucose uptake after acute exercise in obese Zucker rats

Skeletal muscle is insulin resistant in the obese Zucker rat. Endurance training reduces muscle insulin resistance, but the effects of a single acute exercise session on muscle insulin resistance in the obese Zucker rat are unknown. Therefore, insulin responsiveness of muscle glucose uptake was measured in 15-week-old obese rats either 1, 48, or 72 hours after two hours of intermittent exercise (30:30 min; work:rest). Hindlimbs of sedentary lean (LS) and obese (OS) rats and exercised obese (OE) rats were perfused after a 10-hour fast under both basal (0 mU x ml(-1)) and maximal (20 mU x ml(-1)) insulin concentrations to measure net glucose uptake. Insulin responsiveness of net glucose uptake was significantly reduced in OS compared to LS (8.5 +/- 1.6 vs 15.3 +/- 2.0 micromol x g(-1) x h(-1), respectively). Compared to OS, insulin responsiveness of net glucose uptake was significantly increased by 56% and 80% at 1 hour and 48 hours after acute exercise. However, 72 hours after acute exercise, the increased insulin responsiveness of net glucose uptake was no longer evident. These results indicate that improved responsiveness of muscle glucose uptake persists for at least 48 hours after two hours of acute intermittent exercise in 15-week-old obese Zucker rats.     

国产洋红霉素对P388细胞单链DNA断裂及核仁超微结构的影响

用碱洗脱技术观察了国产洋红霉素（ＤＭＮ）引起小鼠淋巴白血病Ｐ３８８细胞单链ＤＮＡ的断裂作用。在ＣＭＮ０．２５－２．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内,这种作用是剂量依赖性的。电镜观察研究ＣＭＮ对Ｐ３８８细胞核仁超微结构的影响。ＣＭＮ１．０μｇ／ｍｌ作用２小时,核仁空泡增多、微球体出现;作用４小时,核仁仁空增多、微球体出现;作用４小时,核仁“帽”形成;作用８小时,部分细胞核仁成分碎裂。     

抗肌萎缩蛋白基因51号外显子的精确定位

抗肌萎缩蛋白基因是迄今发现的人类最大基因,长约2300 kb,含有75个外显子。对该巨大基因的研究是近年来医学分子生物学研究的一个热点。虽然抗肌萎缩蛋白基因HindⅢ片段排序后就知道第51号外显子位于3.lkb的第40号HlndⅢ片段中,由于抗肌萎缩蛋白基因组DNA至今未被克隆,233bP的第51号外显子在3.lkp HindⅢ片段中的部位并不知道,也不知道它两侧的DNA结构。51号外显子     

含不同启动子的腺病毒载体介导的人β2肾上腺素能受体基因在心肌细胞的表达

目的观察不同的启动子cmv、mlc-2v对腺病毒载体介导的人β     

The effect of magnetic stent on coronary restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in dogs

探讨磁化支架对经皮经腔冠状埃及成形术 (PTCA)后冠状动脉再狭窄的防治作用。方法　 2 0只健康杂种犬 ,超大球囊反复扩张损伤靶血管 (前降支或旋支中段 )制备PTCA术后冠状动脉狭窄模型(>5 0 % ) ,后随机分成对照组和实验组各 10只。对照组靶血管置入普通Palmaz支架 ,实验组靶血管置入磁化Palmaz支架。手术前后不用抗血小板药和抗凝药 ,术后 6个月冠状动脉造影 ,并处死犬切取靶血管 3cm进行组织病理学检查。结果　冠状动脉造影冠状动脉再狭窄率对照组 30 % ,实验组 0 ;组织病理学检查靶血管平均内膜厚度 (对照组 2 .98± 0 .5 6mm) ,(实验组 1.13± 0 .4 1mm)有显著差异 ,P <0 .0 5。结论　磁化支架对犬PTCA术后冠状动脉再狭窄可能具有防治作用。