神经移位修复臂丛神经根性撕脱伤

１９８７年７月～１９９４年６月，对２１例臂丛神经根性撕脱伤采用神经移位修复。其中复合移位４组神经（膈神经、副神经、颈丛运动支、肋间神经）者１例，３组（膈神经、副神经、颈丛运动支）者６例，２组（膈神经、副神经）者９例，１组（膈神经或颈丛运动支或肋间神经）者５例。术中发现臂丛神经变异１例，对４例合并锁骨下动脉损伤者，在神经移位的同时进行血管修复，促进患肢的血液循环，有利于神经的康复。随访到１９例，随访时间为８个月～６年２个月，优良率达７３．７％。认为，神经移位术是修复神经根性撕裂伤的常规方法，合并血管损伤者也应同时修复，对促进神经功能恢复有利     

成人原发性肾病综合征血容量与肾素,醛固酮,心钠素的关系

探讨成人原发性肾病综合征(NS)血容量与肾素、醛固酮及心钠素的关系。方法 应用~(113)mInCl标记转铁蛋白稀释法测定血容量,放免法测定血浆激素水平。对水肿期NS28例、正常26例及其中NS缓解期随访18例进行检测。结果 (1)水肿期NS血容量与正常组无差别,血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)、醛固酮(Ald)、心钠素(ANP)水平均较正常组高,白蛋白、各激素水平与血容量无显著相关;(2)缓解期与水肿期比较,总的血容量无差异,Ald、ANP显著降低,PRA、ATⅡ则无明显差异;(3)Ald与24小时尿排钠(UNaV)显著负相关。结论 Ald和ANP是NS钠排泄的主要调节因子。     

异叶梁王茶中三萜皂甙的研究

从异叶梁王茶树皮的醇提取物中分离得到两种新的三萜皂苷化学物，异叶梁王茶苷Ⅶ[1]和异叶梁王茶苷Ⅷ[2]；以及一种已知化合物梁王茶苷Ⅱ[3]。经光谱和化学分析，分别鉴定为3－0－β－（2′，4′-O-二乙酰基）－D－吡喃木糖－3β－羟齐墩果－12－烯－28，29双羧酸－28－O－[α－L－吡喃鼠李糖（1－4）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖（1－6）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖]酯苷[1]；3－O－β－（3′－O－乙酰基）－D－吡喃木糖－3β－羟齐墩果－12－烯－28，29－双羟酸－28－O－［α－L－吡喃鼠李糖（1－4）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖（1－6）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖］酯苷［2］。     

慢性重症病毒性肝炎并发医院内曲霉菌感染

1976～1991年我院收治慢性重症病毒性肝炎并发曲霉菌感染15例,感染于住院后3～112天,<30天9例。以血性痰液、胸水、腹水、脑脊液为特点。多数周围血象白细胞不增高,中性粒细胞增高,IgG增高,曲霉菌( );感染后2～10天均死亡。感染前咽部检出白色念珠菌6例,滥用抗生素者占80％。     

培养环境的温度变化与人MⅡ期卵母细胞纺锤体形态学变化的关系

目的:观察环境温度的改变对MⅡ期人卵纺锤体结构的影响.方法:40例非男性因素的不孕妇女,将常规体外授精后未受精的MⅡ期卵子置于室温(23～25℃)直至纺锤体消失.于纺锤体消失后,将卵子分成3个实验组:1组纺锤体消失后立即复温(n=8);2组纺锤体消失后室温下静置5 min再复温(n=6);3组纺锤体消失后室温下静置10 min再复温(n=6).卵子复温后5 min,10 min,2 h分别观察纺锤体的复现情况.结果:20个未受精的MⅡ期卵子置于室温下5 min内纺锤体均消失.1组中的8个卵子,2组中的6个卵子复温后再次观测到了MⅡ期纺锤体.3组中的6个卵子只有3个卵子再次出现了MⅡ期纺锤体.对照组的18个卵子放置于37℃恒温板上观察30 min,纺锤体均未见消失.结论:MⅡ期卵子纺锤体对环境温度的改变非常敏感.温度降低将导致纺锤体消失,随着时间的延长,纺锤体复现几率明显减少.     

Outcome after traumatic frontal intracerebral haemorrhage: a comparison of unilateral and bilateral haematomas

Frontal intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a common result of cranial trauma. Outcome differences between bilateral and unilateral frontal ICH are not well studied but would be valuable to predict prognosis in clinical practice. Two aims are proposed in this study: first to compare the risk of developing delayed ICH after bilateral or unilateral frontal ICH, and second to determine the variables helpful to predict outcome according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Between January 1993 and December 1997, 694 consecutive patients with traumatic ICH were admitted to the Chang Gung Medical Center within 24 h of the trauma. Patients with ICH in sites other than the frontal lobes were excluded. A total of 161 cases (mean age 46.3+/-20.3 years), including 57 bilateral (mean age 52.5+/-18.7 years) and 104 unilateral (mean age 42.9+/-20.5 years) traumatic frontal ICH were studied. Twenty-eight of 57 patients (49%) with bifrontal ICH versus 17 of 104 patients (16%) with unilateral frontal ICH had a further, delayed ICH. In 42 of 45 patients (93%) with delayed ICH, this occurred within 5 days of the initial trauma. Multivariate logistic regression was used to select significant predictors of outcome. We found that delayed ICH (p<0.001), age (p=0.004) and mechanism of injury (p=0.001) explained the worse outcome in patients with bifrontal ICH. The best-fitting logistic regression model included three variables: delayed ICH (p=0.011), initial GCS (p=0.023), and a sum score of clinical and radiological variables (p=0.003). Bifrontal ICH tended to occur in older patients after a fall and was associated with a higher risk of developing delayed ICH or brain stem compression compared to unilateral ICH damage. Using these three variables - delayed ICH, initial GCS, and the sum score - in a logistical regression model is useful to predict outcome in patients with traumatic frontal ICH and may aid patient management.     

浅谈基因治疗的现状及其面临的困境

基因治疗将在未来的疾病治疗中扮演重要的角色，然而这一新颖的技术却面临着诸多问题，本文论述了基因治疗的发展现状及其所面临的技术难题。     

左双腔支气管导管管端位置与吸气峰压变化的关系

目的 观测无隆突钩双腔支气管导管(DLT)管端位置与吸气峰压(Ppeak)以及肺顺应性环形状改变的关系，探讨用Ppeak和顺应性环的变化评估DLT管端位置的可行性。方法 拟行右侧剖胸手术的成年患者32例，静脉诱导后插入左Mallinckrodt DLT，吸入氧化亚氮和地氟醚维持麻醉。按纤维支气管镜(FOB)确认DLT管端位置和通气方式将观测过程分为四个阶段：第一阶段(S1)，管端位置正确的双肺通气；第二阶段(S2)，管端位置正确的左侧单肺通气；第三阶段(S3)，管端插入左下支气管(置管过深)的左侧单肺通气；第四阶段(S。)，管端处在左支气管开口(置管偏浅)的左侧单肺通气。每阶段均机械通气15min。结果 回归方程预计插管深度与FOB检查符合者占71．9％。S2时Ppeak值比S1时增加50．8％，肺顺应性(Cdyn)值减少36．2％；S3时Ppeak值比S1时增加87．4％，Cdyn值减少56．8％。PV环曲线斜率向右明显移位，环体显著延长。结论 用无隆突钩DLT行肺隔离，在无FOB定位的条件时，联合应用听诊法、回归方程预计插管深度、动态监测气道峰压和P-V环的变化综合评估，可提高DLT管端的正确到位率。单肺通气的气道峰压超过双肺通气时的1．65倍，且气道峰压超过25cm H2O．应高度怀疑DLT管端发生过深移位。     

Similar motion of a hand-held object may trigger nonsimilar grip force adjustments.

The tight coupling between load (L) and grip (G) forces during voluntary manipulation of a hand-held object is well established. The current study is to examine grip-load force coupling when motion of the hand with an object was either self-generated (voluntary) or externally generated. Subjects performed similar cyclic movements of different loads at various frequencies with three types of manipulations: 1) voluntary oscillation, 2) oscillating the right arm via the pulley system by the left leg (self-driven oscillation), and 3) oscillating the arm via the pulley system by another person (other-driven oscillation). During the self-generated movements: 1) the grip forces were larger and 2) grip-load force modulation was more pronounced than in the externally generated movements. The G-L adjustments are not completely determined by the mechanics of object motion; nonmechanical factors related to movement performance, for instance perceptual factors, may affect the G-L coupling.