紫外分光光度法测定对乙酰氨基酚泡腾片含量

本文用紫外分光光度法在２５７±１ｎｍ波长处测定对乙酰氨基酚泡腾片的含量，其浓度与吸收度的线性关系良好，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９９８。平均回收率为９９．９４％，变异系数为０．２０％。本法简便、快速、结果准确。     

乳腺癌层粘连蛋白的免疫组织化学研究

本研究应用层粘连蛋白（ＬＮ）抗体，对２７例乳腺癌、５例乳腺良性病变进行了免疫组织化学研究。结果发现乳腺良性病变时，ＬＮ以均匀完整的线型阳性反应显示在乳腺导管及小叶基膜处。乳腺癌时，ＬＮ的染色表现为癌细胞胞浆内弥漫状阳性反应。２７例乳腺癌中，癌细胞ＬＮ染色强度不同，伴有转移的乳腺癌ＬＮ染色多数较强，强度在＋＋～的为７／１２（５８．３％）；不伴有转移的病例，ＬＮ染色多数较浅或为阴性，强度在＋＋～＋＋＋的病例为３／１５（２０％）。说明癌细胞内源性ＬＮ染色强弱与肿瘤转移密切相关，内源性ＬＮ的合成可能改变肿瘤细胞的浸润活性。     

内镜鼻胆管引流术在腹腔镜和开腹胆总管探查术中的应用

目的　评价内镜鼻胆管引流术 (Endoscopicnasobiliarydrainage ,ENBD)配合腹腔镜和常规开腹手术治疗胆总管结石的疗效。　方法　回顾分析 1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 7月应用ENBD配合完成腹腔镜胆总管探查、I期缝合术 4 4例及开腹胆总管探查、I期缝合术 34例。　结果　 78例均手术成功 ,术后无胆漏、胆道出血、胆管炎等并发症。术中结石取净率 10 0 % (78 78)。术后住院时间 :腹腔镜组为 (6 2±1 3)d ,开腹组为 (7 4± 2 1)d。随访 5 7例 ,时间 (1～ 4 5 )年 ,平均 2 6年 ,腹部彩色B超检查无胆管狭窄及结石复发。　结论　ENBD配合腹腔镜和开腹胆总管探查取石、胆总管I期缝合术安全、可靠。     

In situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament and its bundles in response to anterior tibial loads

The anterior cruciate ligament has a complex fiber anatomy and is not considered to be a uniform structure. Current anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions succeed in stabilizing the knee, but they neither fully restore normal knee kinematics nor reproduce normal ligament, function. To improve the outcome of the reconstruction, it may be necessary to reproduce the complex function of the intact anterior cruciate ligament in the replacement graft. We examined the in situ forces in nine human anterior cruciate ligaments as well as the force distribution between the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ligament in response to applied anterioi tibial loads ranging from 22 to 110 N at knee flexion angles of 0–90°. The analysis was performed using a robotic manipulator in conjunction with a universal force-moment sensor. The in situ forces were determined with no device attached to the ligament, while the knee was permitted to move freely in response to the applied loads. We found that the in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament ranged from 12.8 ± 7.3 N under 22 N of anterior tibial load applied at 90° of knee flexion to 110.6 ± 14.8 N under 110 N of applied load at 15° of flexion. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was larger than that in the anteromedial bundle at knee flexion angles between 0 and 45°, reaching a maximum of 75.2 ± 18.3 N at 15° of knee flexion under an anterior tibial load of 110 N. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was significantly affected by knee flexion angle and anterior tibial load in a fashion remarkably similar to that seen in the anterior cruciate ligament. The magnitude of the in situ force in the anteromedial bundle, in contrast, remained relatively constant, not changing with flexion angle. Significant differences in the direction of the in situ force between the anteromedial bundle and the posterolateral bundle were found only at flexion angles of 0 and 60° and only under applied anterior tibial loads greater than 66 N. We have demonstrated the nonuniformity of the anterior cruciate ligament under unconstrained anterior tibial loads. Our data further suggest that in order for the anterior cruciate ligament replacement graft to reproduce the in situ forces of the normal anterior cruciate ligament, reconstruction techniques should take into account the role of the posterolateral bundle in addition to that of the anteromedial bundle.     

Stable Transfection of Nonosteogenic Cell Lines with Tissue Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase Enhances Mineral Deposition Both in the Presence and Absence of β-Glycerophosphate: Possible Role for Alkaline Phosphatase in Pathological Mineralization

It is documented that alkaline phosphatase (AP) plays an important role in bone mineralization. Considering that TN-AP is expressed in periodontal ligament fibroblasts, renal epithelial cells, and vascular endothelial cells, and that TN-AP is both a calcium-/phosphate-binding protein and a phosphohydrolytic enzyme, we hypothesize that membrane-bound AP also plays an important role in the initiation of physiological and pathological mineralizations in tissues other than bone and cartilage. To test this hypothesis, nonosteoblast cell lines, including a fibroblast line, a renal epithelial line, and a capillary endothelial line, were stably transfected to express high levels of rat bone AP on their cell surfaces. These rat bone AP-expressing cells were then cultured on filter membranes in the presence or absence of β-glycerol phosphate. von Kossa staining for calcium phosphate and transmission electron microscopy with electron diffraction analysis for minerals were employed to investigate the effect of membrane AP on extracellular calcium phosphate mineralization. Our results indicated that AP expression on these nonosteoblast-like cell surfaces have induced extracellular hydroxyapatite (HAP) mineralization. Our findings support the concept that membrane-bound AP contributes to extracellular apatitic mineralization by mechanisms that do not necessarily involve its hydrolase activity. They also suggest that AP might be important for the initiation of pathological mineralization in nonosteogenic tissues. Received: 11 January 1996 / Accepted: 31 October 1996     

不同浓度的金属硫蛋白对离体豚鼠乳头肌缺氧、复氧电生理特性的影响

为探讨金属硫蛋白（MT）对豚鼠乳头肌缺血再灌注损伤所致心律失常的影响，利用标准玻璃微电极技术，采用缺氧及复氧豚鼠乳头肌模型，模拟体内缺血再灌注损伤，观察不同浓度MT对豚鼠乳头肌电生理特性的影响。结果显示低浓度的MT（0．002mmol／L）对正常及缺氧和复氧豚鼠乳头肌的动作电位（AP）有关参数及自律性均无影响；中等浓度的MT（0．02mmol／L）仅使正常乳头肌的AP复极达50％时程（APD50）缩短24％（P＜0．05），但使缺氧乳头肌的AP复极达20％时程（APD20）、APD50和AP复极达90％时程（APD90）分别缩短68％、56％和43％（P均＜0．01），并使静息电位（RP）、AP幅值（APA）和0相最大上升速率（Vmax）分别增加30％、30％和45％（P均＜0．01）；高浓度的MT（0．1mmol／L）使正常豚鼠乳头肌的APD20、APD50和APD90分别缩短57％、54％和50％（P均＜0．01），并且RP、APA及Vmax分别下降22％（P＜0．05）、28％（P＜0．01）和29％（P＜0．05），而使缺氧豚鼠乳头肌的APD20、APD50和APD90分别延长92％、78％和50％（P均＜0．01），对RP、APA及Vmax无明显影响。在复氧期间，0．02mmol／L的MT可使自律性的发生率从77．8％降至55．6％（P＜0．05）；而0．1mmol／L的MT则使自律性的发生率从77.8％降至22．2％（P     

心电图短P-R间期观测研究

目的：探讨和鉴别心电图短Ｐ－Ｒ间期的产生原因，为临床诊断、治疗提供依据。方法：检测１１５例受检者的常规导联心电图（ＲＬＥＣＧ）、头胸导联心电图（ＨＣＥＣＧ）、食管导联心电图（ＥＬＥＣＧ），对其中５５例临床可疑心律失常和ＲＬＥＣＧ示短Ｐ－Ｒ间期者行食管心房调搏电生理检查。结果：①Ｐ波出现率和振幅均值比较ＥＬＥＣＧ＞ＨＣＥＣＧ＞ＲＬＥＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０１），出现率分别为１００％、９５％、９１％。②ＨＣＥＣＧＰ－Ｒ段均值（Ｐ＜０．０１）及变异系数＜ＲＬＥＣＧ。③ＲＬＥＣＧ波幅低、图形多变是产生心电图短Ｐ－Ｒ间期的主要原因。结论：作为无创伤性检查方法，ＨＣＥＣＧ和ＥＬＥＣＧ可以对短Ｐ－Ｒ间期者进行初步筛选，而经食管心房调搏能检测ＥＣＧ短Ｐ－Ｒ间期的电生理特性，对鉴别诊断有肯定价值。