基于指纹图谱和UPLC-MS/MS定量测定对不同产地陈皮的质量评价研究

目的 采用HPLC指纹图谱与化学计量学相结合、UPLC-MS/MS测定多黄酮成分含量的方法,测定不同产地陈皮质量,为其鉴别和质量控制提供依据。方法 采用HPLC-DAD指纹图谱检测并结合“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012A版）”建立6个产区,49个不同批次陈皮药材（S1～S49）指纹图谱,并进行相似度评价和共有峰确认,结合聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis,HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA）等化学计量学综合分析。采用UPLC-MS/MS法建立了8个黄酮类成分柚皮素、柚皮苷、木犀草苷、川陈皮素、橙皮素、橙皮苷、橘皮素和芸香柚皮苷的含量测定方法对60批7个产地陈皮药材进行评价。结果 建立了49批不同产地陈皮药材的指纹图谱,相似度为0.864～0.999,共标定了11个共有峰,HCA分析49批陈皮明显分为4类;PCA得到5个主成分的累积方差贡献率为92.748%;OPLS-DA表明8、7、10和11号峰可能是影响陈皮药材质量的差异标志物;含量测定结果表明不同产地陈皮中黄酮类含量存在显著差异,广东新会以川陈皮素和橘皮素为主要标志成分,四川荷花池以木犀草苷为差异性成分,江西樟树以柚皮素和柚皮苷为差异性成分,广西玉林则以橙皮素、橙皮苷和芸香柚皮苷为主,重庆云阳以川陈皮素和橙皮苷为主。结论 建立了稳定性强的不同产地陈皮HPLC指纹图谱和8个黄酮类UPLC-MS/MS定量测定方法,结合化学计量学可用于陈皮药材综合评价和质量控制。     

基于小鼠子宫平滑肌收缩活性测定的桂枝茯苓胶囊质量评价研究

目的 从桂枝茯苓胶囊（Guizhi Fuling Capsules,GZFLC）临床用于治疗痛经的功效出发,探索建立基于子宫平滑肌收缩活性测定的GZFLC质量生物活性评价方法。方法 通过注射雌激素增加小鼠子宫敏感性,建立缩宫素诱导的小鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩模型,采集给药前后小鼠子宫平滑肌的收缩频率、幅值和峰面积,以收缩峰面积为指标进行统计并对药效进行归一化处理。考察小鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩模型的主要影响因素如雌激素注射方式与天数、缩宫素浓度、动物周龄和GZFLC前处理方法。建立GZFLC质量生物活性评价方法并进行方法学考察,测定10个批次GZFLC合格样品及2个GZFLC高温破坏样品的生物活性。结果 连续3 d ip雌激素10 mg/（kg·d）后小鼠子宫平滑肌收缩峰面积较高且收缩节律较好;最适缩宫素造模质量浓度为0.050 μg/mL;将GZFLC配制成质量浓度为0.125 g/mL的药液并超声溶解60 min有利于药效发挥;重复性考察RSD为11.298%,日内精密度RSD为12.452%,日间精密度RSD为10.438%;10批次GZFLC半数抑制浓度（half inhibitory concentration,IC₅₀）为1.526～1.631 mg/mL,高温破坏后GZFLC的IC₅₀明显增大。结论 基于子宫平滑肌收缩活性测定的GZFLC质量评价方法重复性和精密度较好,为后续GZFLC的综合质量评价标准建立提供了科学依据。     

桃红四物汤对类风湿关节炎模型大鼠关节肿胀改善效果及机制研究

目的：观察桃红四物汤改善类风湿关节炎（RA） 模型大鼠关节肿胀的效果并探讨其作用机制。方 法：从75 只雌性SPF 级Wistar 大鼠中随机选取60 只,建立RA 大鼠模型,剩余15 只纳入空白组。将造模成 功的60 只大鼠随机分为模型组及桃红四物汤低、中、高（6.53、13.06、26.13 g/kg） 剂量组,每组15 只。连 续给药4 周。采用关节炎指数（AI） 评分法评定各组大鼠右肢的肿胀情况;酶联免疫吸附法测定各组大鼠血清 基质金属蛋白酶-8（MMP-8） 和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-3（TIMP-3） 含量;苏木精-伊红染色法观察各 组大鼠滑膜组织病理学变化情况;采用蛋白质印迹法检测各组大鼠关节滑膜中Toll 样受体4（TLR4）、核转录 因子-κB（NF-κB） 蛋白含量。结果：干预后,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠AI 评分、血清MMP-8 含量及关节 滑膜TLR4、NF-κB 蛋白含量均显著升高（P＜0.05）,血清TIMP-3 含量降低（P＜0.05）;与模型组比较,桃 红四物汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠AI 评分、血清MMP-8 含量及关节滑膜TLR4、NF-κB 蛋白含量降低（P＜ 0.05）,血清TIMP-3 含量升高（P＜0.05）。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠关节滑膜组织出现炎性细胞浸润,滑膜 细胞增生;干预后,桃红四物汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠关节滑膜组织病理变化得到明显改善。结论：桃红四物 汤能有效缓解RA 大鼠关节肿胀症状,减轻炎症反应,其机制与下调TLR4/NF-κB 信号通路蛋白表达,降低 MMP-8 含量和提高TIMP-3 含量有关。     

紫菟二仙汤对雷公藤多苷致早发性卵巢功能不全大鼠卵巢凋亡相关蛋白的影响

目的：研究紫菟二仙汤对雷公藤多苷致早发性卵巢功能不全模型大鼠卵巢凋亡蛋白的影响。方法：将60只SD大鼠分为空白组（N组）10只和造模组50只,采用雷公藤多苷灌胃法制作早发性卵巢功能不全大鼠模型,造模成功后将造模组分为模型组（M组）、西药组（X组）、紫菟二仙汤低剂量组（L组）、中剂量组（Z组）和高剂量组（H组）各10只。给药期间观察各组大鼠动情周期,9周后观察子宫指数及卵巢指数变化,蛋白印迹法检测B淋巴细胞瘤-2 (Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）、冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3 (Caspase-3)蛋白含量,并计算Bcl-2/Bax比值。结果：各组大鼠子宫指数及卵巢指数比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与N组比较,M组大鼠动情周期延长（P<0.05）;与M组比较,X、Z及H组大鼠动情周期缩短（P<0.05）;各治疗组动情周期比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。各组大鼠Bax蛋白表达水平比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与N组比较,M组Bcl-2表达水平及Bcl-2/Bax降低（P<0.05）,Caspase-3表达水...     

产气荚膜梭菌毒素研究进展

产气荚膜梭菌通过产生大量的毒素导致人类和动物患气性坏疽、肠炎和肠毒素血症。目前,已知产气荚膜梭菌可产生20多种毒素和水解酶。不同的毒素类型与特定的疾病类型相关。毒素分型已由毒素基因的分子检测替代了传统的血清分型方法。因此本文围绕产气荚膜梭菌毒素种类、基本特征、致病机制以及与疾病的关系进行系统回顾总结和展望,为后续的毒素分型等快速检测技术的建立、免疫抗原筛选、抗体制备以及相关致病机制研究提供基础。     

Correction to: Effect of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics on Bacterial Community and Nutrient Status in Two Agricultural Soils

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - The original version of the article unfortunately contained a mistake in Fig.&nbsp;3. In this figure, norank_o_DS-100 and Niastella were...     

Current Progress on Antibiotic Sensing Based on Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensors

Antibiotics, which can be used as veterinary drugs, are widely used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases for animals. However, overuse of antibiotics had caused serious problems on food contamination and human harm. For control such public issues, several of techniques have been in recent years. Ratiometric fluorescent (RF) technique, as one of the most promising strategies for quantitatively evaluated analytes, had been extensively developed for the readily measurements on the two different fluorescent emission intensities. In this review, the construction strategies for recent RF sensors will be mainly focused on. Meanwhile, the recent advances and new tendencies for detection of antibiotics based on RF technique shall be introduced. Finally, outlooks on the opportunities and challenges for quantitative fluorescence sensing on antibiotics will be summarized.

     

Sensitive Techniques for POCT Sensing on the Residues of Pesticides and Veterinary Drugs in Food

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - For the immense requirement on agriculture and animal husbandry, application of pesticides and veterinary drugs had become a normal state in...     

Satisfaction with neighbourhood environment moderates the associations between objective neighbourhood environment and leisure-time physical activity in older adults in Beijing,China

Asia is ageing fast. To develop more effective health promotion initiatives among older adults, more knowledge of the environmental correlates of physical activity is needed. However, research in this age group is rare, and most existing studies have been conducted within Western contexts. The present study explores the interaction effects of objective neighbourhood environment and satisfaction with neighbourhood environment on leisure-time physical activity in older adults in Beijing, China. This study follows a cross-sectional design and involves older adults aged 65 years and over. The questionnaire was collected in 2018 and 2,061 older adults living in Yanshan, Beijing, China were included in the analysis. Linear regression was applied to examine the effects. The findings show that residents who live in places with higher levels of walkability, or those who are more satisfied with neighbourhood environment (either path/road/street condition or recreational resources) spent significantly longer participating in leisure-time physical activity. However, the objective neighbourhood accessibility of recreational resources was not a significant factor of physical activity. Satisfaction with neighbourhood recreational resources can significantly moderate the relationship between objective neighbourhood accessibility of recreational resources and leisure-time physical activity respectively. This is the first study conducted in China examining the relationships between objective neighbourhood environment, satisfaction with neighbourhood environment and leisure-time physical activity among older adults. This study may have implications for urban planning and service provision planning. The design of built environments that considers quality rather than only quantity can play a significant role in improving older adults' leisure-time physical activity.