Volume et profil de consommation d’alcool des élèves et des camarades scolaires comme prédicteurs de l’agression et de la victimisation: une analyse multiniveaux auprès d’adolescents suisses

Volume and profile of alcohol consumption among students and classmates as predictors of aggression and victimization: a multilevel analysis among Swiss adolescents

Objective:  

To test the effects of the volume of alcohol consumption and drinking patterns on alcohol-related aggression and victimization, both at the individual and class levels.     

Cardiac myxoma with glandular component: case report

Cardiac myxoma has varying clinical presentation, uncertain histogenesis and debatable immunohis- tochemical profile. Glandular epithelial differentiation is a rare phenomenon, but glandular elements are known to be present in cardiac myxoma as an intrinsic component of the tumor. We present a case of cardiac myxoma having focal glandular differentiation, with special reference to the morphologic features and immunohistochemical profiles.     

Prostaglandin el attenuates impairment of cellular immunity after cardiopulmonary bypass

OBJECTIVE: It is well documented that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) severely impairs cellular immunity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on cellular immunity after CPB. METHODS: Patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery were randomly divided into the PGE1 group (n=12) and the control group (n=12). In the PGE1 group, PGE1 was administered at 20 ng/kg/min from just after the induction of anesthesia to the end of surgery. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were taken before anesthesia and on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7 (POD 1, POD 3 and POD 7). Proliferation responses of T cells to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pure protein derivative (PPD) antigen were measured as indicators of cellular immunity. RESULTS: PGE1 significantly attenuated the impairment of both PHA and PPD response after cardiac surgery on POD 1 (PHA response, 30 +/- 21% vs. 53 +/- 32%, control vs. PGE, p=0.048; PPD response, 18 +/- 21% vs. 39 +/- 27%, control vs. PGE, p=0.046). The reduced glutathione content of PBMCs in the control group was significantly decreased on POD 1. CONCLUSION: PGE1 attenuated the impairment of cellular immunity after cardiac surgery with CPB by reducing oxidative stress on PBMCs.     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症介入治疗围手术期并发症分析

目的 总结下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症介入治疗围手术期相关并发症的防治经验.方法 对207例下肢动脉硬化件闭塞症行介入治疗,统计围手术期各种并发症的发生情况,分析并发症的发生率与泛大西洋介入协会(transAtlantic inter-society consensus,TASC)分型分级之间的关系以及糖尿病和冠心病对重要脏器并发症发生率的影响.结果 本组207例,介入手术成功190例.17例失败,其中13例为介入操作失败、4例死于术后重要脏器并发症.围手术期并发症包括穿刺点出血12例、假性动脉瘤4例、消化道出血2例、动脉破裂6例、脑梗塞8例、急性心衰9例、呼衰13例、肾衰6例、支架内血栓形成5例和蓝趾综合征1例.在本组患者的TASC分型中,股腘动脉病变介入治疗并发症的发生率为39.84%(51/128),高于主髂型的18.99%(15/79)(P<0.05);患有糖尿病以及合并糖尿病和冠心病患者重要脏器并发症的发生率分别为27.66%(13/47)和24.49%(12/49),高于无合并症患者的5%(2/40)(P<0.05).结论 下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症介入治疗围手术期并发症发生率较高可能与术中操作不当、病变类型复杂及合并糖尿病和冠心病有关,术前注意合并症的处理及术中选择合理治疗方式、缩短手术时间等可减少并发症的发生.     

三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1(ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)在人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中的表达变化及作用机制.方法 收集24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本和10例肠系膜动脉标本(对照组),采用RT-PCR测定ABCA1 mRNA和视黄酸X受体α(RXRα)mRNA表达水平,并采用Western Blot检测ABCA1及RXRα的蛋白表达水平.24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本按病理分级,比较病理组织为Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉粥样硬化组织间ABCA1 mRNA、RXRαmRNA表达水平及蛋白表达水平.结果 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块组的ABCA1 mRNA(0.79±0.04)和RXRα mRNA(0.73±0.04)表达与对照组相比上调,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ABCA1 mRNA与RXRα mRNA增加水平相关(P＜0.05);颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的ABCA1蛋白表达(0.22±0.03)下调水平与对照组(0.53±0.03)相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉硬化斑块ABCA1mRNA、RXRα mRNA及蛋白表达水平差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 ABCA1及RXRα蛋白表达水平下调可能是进展性动脉粥样硬化损害的关键因素.     

颈椎前路手术内置物并发症的分析

在颈椎前路减压、植骨、带锁钢板内固定技术日渐成熟的今天,越来越多的医院开展了该项手术。自1998年2月-2005年8月应用该方法治疗颈椎病215例,发生与内置物钢板及钛网相关的并发症14例,为此积累了一定的经验,现总结如下。1临床资料本组215例,男126例,女89例;年龄42～82岁,平均