Evidence that the Receptor for Soluble CD14:LPS Complexes may not be the Putative Signal-Transducing Molecule Associated with Membrane-Bound CD14

Membrane-bound CD14 acts as a receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. Studies have suggested that the activation of monocytes/macrophages by the binding of LPS to membrane-bound CD14 may require the association of a signal-transducing molecule with membrane-bound CD14. The observation that non-CD14 expressing cells, such as endothelial cells, can nevertheless be activated by a complex of LPS and a soluble form of CD14 (sCD14) suggests that the receptor for this complex may be identical to the signal transducing molecule associated with membrane-bound CD14. The studies described show that two CD14-specific MoAb are able to block the LPS-induced activation of endothelial cells but do not affect the response of monocytes to LPS. This suggests that the interaction of the sCD14:LPS complex with endothelial cells is distinct from the interaction of membrane-bound CD14 with its putative signal-transducing molecule.     

A prospective randomized trial of colchicine in prevention of liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients

Background : The clinical course of chronic hepatitis B is variable. Patients with hepatic decompensation, bridging necrosis or an alpha-fetoprotein level greater than 100 ng/mL during an exacerbation of hepatitis have a high risk of developing cirrhosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of colchicine in the prevention of cirrhosis in such patients.
Methods : Patients with risk factor(s) were randomized to receive either colchicine 5 mg/week or no specific treatment, the end point being development of cirrhosis.
Results : After a follow up period of 4 years, the treatment group had a marked reduction in exacerbations of acute hepatitis (32% vs. 63%/patient/year, P <0.005). Seven out of 38 patients in the treatment group and 10 out of 27 patients in the control group developed cirrhosis. The calculated cumulative incidence of cirrhosis by the end of first, second, third and fourth years in the treatment group was 8.7, 18.6, 32 and 32%, respectively. The corresponding figures in the control group were 30, 35.5, 46.3 and 73.2%, respectively, with a P -value of 0.057.
Conclusions : The results suggest that colchicine may prevent cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients with risk factor(s), possibly by suppressing exacerbations of hepatitis through an anti-inflammatory effect.     

大脑后动脉交通前段及其内穿支研究

本文介绍Willis动脉环后半环大脑后动脉及其内穿支的显微解剖,大脑后动脉交通前段内穿支是脑深部的重要供血血管之一,100％的病例双侧具有该血管。     

单克隆IgH基因重排检测在B-NHL诊断和随访中的意义

目的　评价单克隆IgH基因重排检测在恶性淋巴瘤 (B NHL)临床中的应用价值。方法　用半巢式PCR检测单克隆IgH基因重排。病例组为B NHL ,包括 6 9例石蜡包埋组织切片、治疗前 16例骨髓和 2 9例外周血、阳性者治疗后复查骨髓和外周血 ;对照组为 10例慢性淋巴结炎、3例T NHL和 2例HD。结果　对照组均阴性。病例组 :切片中单克隆IgH基因重排阳性率为 6 3.8% (44 / 6 9) ;骨髓和外周血阳性率分别为 43 .8%(7/ 16 )和 41.4% (12 / 2 9) ,细胞形态学检查未见异常细胞者阳性率分别为 33 .3% (3/ 9)和 31.3% (5 / 16 )。 16例同时采集骨髓和外周血者 ,阳性率分别为 43 .8% (7/ 16 )和 37.5 % (6 / 16 ) ,两者无统计学差异。治疗前单克隆IgH重排阳性者 ,6例完全缓解 (CR)后转阴 ,处于持续缓解状态 ,1例临床缓解后 13个月仍阳性 ,现在继续随访中 ,另 1例CR后持续阳性者 ,6个月后复发。结论　切片、骨髓和外周血中检测单克隆IgH基因重排可以作为B NHL诊断和随访微小残留病灶的辅助手段     

大鼠感染性脑损伤中神经细胞内游离钙的变化

采用荧光法测定负载Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ大脑皮层突触体内游离钙「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ浓度大鼠感染性脑损伤中的变化及其意义。     

PPD为丝裂源作淋巴细胞转化试验对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值

以结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)为丝裂源作淋巴细胞转化试验,检测结核性(17例)和非结核性(14例)胸膜炎患者的外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)和胸腔积液淋巴细胞(PEL)对PPD 的反应性。结果显示:结核性胸膜炎患者无论PPD 皮试是阳性还是阴性,其PEL 的PPD 刺激指数(PPD-SI)都显著高于PBL(P 分别<0.001与<0.01);结核性PEL 的PPD-SI 显著高于非结核性PEL(P<0.001)。提示PPD 胸腔积液淋巴细胞转化试验可作为诊断结核性胸膜炎的有效方法。     

颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞下甲状腺手术应激反应的比较

目的 :比较颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞下甲状腺手术应激反应的大小。方法 :选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,女性 ,甲状腺手术患者 30例 ,年龄 2 2～ 5 5岁 ,术前无呼吸、循环和内分泌疾病 ,随机分为颈丛阻滞组 (颈丛组 ) 15例 ,硬膜外阻滞组(硬膜外组 ) 15例 ;颈丛阻滞选用 0 .8%利多卡因和 0 .2 5 %布比卡因混合液 ,以C4一点法行双侧深浅丛阻滞 ;硬膜外阻滞选用 1.3%利多卡因和 0 .15 %丁卡因混合液 ,穿刺点选择C4～ 5或C5～ 6间隙 ,采用侧卧位直入法 ,并向头置管 3cm ;分别测定并记录麻醉前、麻醉后 2 0min、切皮、分上极、切腺体和术毕共六个时点的血糖、血压和心率的变化。结果 :两组病例各时点血糖均逐步上升 ,于分上极、切腺体和术毕血糖值与麻醉前比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;硬膜外组只在分上极时SBP与麻醉前比较有差异外 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而颈丛组在分上极、切腺体时DBP与麻醉前比较有差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,SBP、MAP与麻醉前比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :本研究表明颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞均不能完全抑制甲状腺手术的应激反应 ,在稳定甲状腺手术循环功能方面硬膜外阻滞优于颈丛阻滞     

ELISA法检测可溶性人类白细胞抗原—I及广东人参考值的测定

OBJECTIVE: To explore a method for quantitative detection of soluble human leukocyte antigen class I(HLA-I) antigens, with the assistance of which we attempt to define the reference value of the antigen in the population of Guangdong Province. METHODS: Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed with W6/32 monoclonal antibody serving as the solid phase antibody and beta2 microglobulin antibody as the first antibody. HRP-labeled second antibody and the substrate were added for enzyme-catalyzed coloring. On the basis of the standard curve obtained by sHLA-I standard reagent in serial dilution, the concentration of sHLA-I antigens in the samples of 60 normal subjects from the population of Guangdong province was detected. RESULTS: The sensitivity of this assay was 2.84 ng/ml with variation coefficients of 5.80% within the same batch and 9.00% between batches. The recovery rate ranged from 98.57% to 100.15%. The level of sHLA-I antigens in normal individuals was 699.54+/-360.10 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: Sandwich ELISA is sensitive, specific and stable in the detection of sHLA-I.     

肺癌脑转移的CT诊断

目的:提高对肺癌脑转移CT诊断的认识.方法:回顾性分析48例经手术及病理证实的肺癌脑转移的CT表现及特征.结果:腺癌21例,鳞癌11例,小细胞癌15例,细支气管肺泡癌1例.多发灶41例,单发灶7例.CT发现脑部转移灶126个;囊性病灶99个,实性病灶16个,囊实性病灶11个.幕上病灶112个,幕下病灶14个.结论:CT对肺癌脑转移有重要的诊断价值.     

大鼠皮质神经元的体外培养和纯化

目的：探讨大鼠皮质神经元分离纯化的有效方法。方法：取胎鼠大脑皮质细胞，分别在不同的培养液中进行原代培养，利用相差显微镜对培养的细胞进行动态观察；并以免疫细胞化学技术对神经元进行染色。结果：在相差显微镜下可见加用N2添加剂和胎牛血清培养的神经元生长良好，胞体形态多样，突起数目多，长度长，与邻近神经元的胞体或突起形成接触，而胶质细胞则大量死亡，神经元纯化率达94％以上，未加用N2添加剂培养的神经元胶质细胞大量存在，神经元纯化率达50％左右。结论：N2添加剂和胎牛血清联合应用可使大鼠皮质神经元得到良好的生长和有效纯化。