停跳或不停跳心脏手术对血清 S-100B蛋白表达的影响

【目的】研究心脏手术围术期血清S-100B蛋白表达及其与停跳或不停跳心肺转流方式和时间的关系。【方法】体外循环心脏手术患者23例,测转流前、转流10min、转流末、转流后24h的血清S-100B蛋白表达水平。【结果】①血清S-100B蛋白质量浓度在体外循环前后动态变化:转流前(M)为0.27μg/L,转流10min后升至0.57μg/L(P<0.01),转流末达峰值1.80μg/L(P<0.01),转流后24h降为0.22μg/L(P>0.05)。转流末的血清S-100B蛋白质量浓度与转流时间呈正相关(r=0.488,P<0.05)。②停跳组(n=6)转流前、转流10min、转流末、转流后24h平均血清S-100B蛋白质量浓度分别为(0.17±0.09)μg/L、(0.48±0.13)μg/L、(1.65±0.52)μg/L和(0.19±0.04)μg/L,不停跳组(n=6)分别为(0.26±0.14)μg/L、(0.71±0.41)μg/L、(1.59±0.84)μg/L和(0.23±0.11)μg/L,两组差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】体外循环可导致血清S-100B蛋白表达增高,其表达水平与心肺转流时间呈正相关,但与停跳或不停跳转流方式无关。     

免疫抑制剂在异体造血干细胞移植中的应用

异体造血干细胞移植的重要并发症是移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),免疫抑制剂是有效防治GVHD的一类药物.在异体造血干细胞移植后应用免疫抑制剂,使得GVHD发生率下降,严重程度减轻.本文对几类主要的免疫抑制剂的作用机理以及在异体造血干细胞移植中作为预防和治疗GVHD的应用作一综述.     

HLA-B27相关的前葡萄膜炎眼后节并发症的临床特点

目的探讨HLA—B27阳性的前葡萄膜炎眼后节并发症的临床特点及治疗。方法2002年1月至2005年10月就诊的前葡萄膜炎患者采用流式细胞术进行外周HLA-B27的检测，筛选出71-例82眼HLA-B27阳性前葡萄膜炎患者，分为两组：实验组为眼后节受累的患者24例31眼，对照组为眼后节未受累的患者47例51眼。另有HLA—B27阴性前葡萄膜炎患者74例116眼作参考。所有患者均进行裂隙灯、眼底镜等常规眼科查体，部分行眼底荧光血管造影。分析了HLA—B27相关的前葡萄膜炎眼后节并发症的临床特点。采用x^2检验及t检验进行统计学分析。结果71例82眼HLA—B27阳性前葡萄膜炎中有24例31眼占37．8％出现眼后节并发症者，包括：黄斑囊样水肿12例15眼占48．4％，视乳头水肿7例8眼占25．8％，而玻璃体炎最多见为21例27眼占87．1％，8例10眼占32．3％患者存在两种或两种以上的眼后节表现。74例116眼HLA—B27阴性者有8例12眼占10．3％有眼后节表现。实验组中发生前房成型纤维素渗出31眼中18眼占58．06％和积脓31眼中9眼占29．03％明显高于对照组（前房纤维素渗出51眼中3眼，5．88％，X^2=27．56，P〈0．01；前房积脓51眼中1眼，1．96％，X^2=13．20，P〈0．01）；实验组中伴发相关全身性疾病24例中有16例占66．67％的几率高于对照组（47例中有17例，31．66％，X^2=5．94，P〈0．05）。出现眼后节并发症的患者经全身及局部应用糖皮质激素治疗，31眼中有11眼最佳矫正视力≥1．0。结论HLA-B27阳性前葡萄膜炎易出现眼后节并发症，HLA—B27相关的前葡萄膜炎眼后节受累的患者发生相关全身性疾病和前房纤维素渗出与积脓的几率较高。     

中国农村地区5岁以下儿童肺炎死亡社会危险因素研究

目的 调查农村5岁以下儿童肺炎死亡相关的社会危险因素.方法1995年11月—1997年2月在湖北恩施和建始两个贫困地区对5岁以下儿童肺炎死亡的危险因素进行病例—对照研究,死亡病例组226例,肺炎对照组 452例.结果 引起儿童肺炎死亡的社会-经济危险因素有:家庭的人均年收入少于 450元、母亲没有立即带孩子看病的理由是没钱看病或交通不便、家中曾有过一个孩子死亡、家长和村医生的文化程度低、父亲的职业是农民、居室内有火炉、母亲对疾病的认识不够、医生的专业培训不足等.结论 除生物相关因素外,社会危险因素同样是农村5岁以下儿童肺炎死亡的重要因素.它们中某些因素是可以借助对父母的健康教育和急性呼吸道感染病例标准管理而得到控制.     

急性病毒性肝炎住院患者血清学分型与流行病学分布研究

本文收集了西安市住院急性病毒性肝炎患者血清标本２９３份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ进行分型检测，并作流行病学调查。结果发现：甲肝占６５．１９％，乙肝占１０．９２％，丙肝占４．７８％，丁肝占３．７５％，戊肝占４．４４％，诊断不明者占１０．９２％。结果表明，在西安市住院的急性病毒性肝炎中，甲肝为主要类型；与以往结果比较，甲肝患者的发病年龄明显后移；除乙肝外，各型肝炎中男性均多于女性，尤以丁肝和戊肝为著；甲肝有明显的     

全喉切除术中保留甲状软骨膜对手术进程和术后恢复影响的探讨

目的：探讨保留甲状软骨膜对全喉切除手术进程和病人术后恢复情况的影响。方法：在甲状软骨膜下游离甲状软骨并切断其上角。不结扎和切断舌骨下肌群和喉上动脉。保留之甲状软骨膜用以加强修复咽壁黏膜。结果：本组病例较经典全喉切除术手术时间缩短30min以上。手术中出血在100ml以下。患者术后第2d下床活动，第4d开始进食流质。手术创口均一期愈合。结论：全喉切除术中保留甲状软骨膜可有效地简化手术步骤，减少创伤和出血。利用甲状软骨膜加强咽壁黏膜缝合口，进一步减少了咽漏的发生.     

Genetic imbalances in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma detected by comparative genomic hybridization and literature review.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, low-grade astrocytic tumor found in the central nervous system. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by markedly pleomorphic and lipidized cells. Although most of the patients have a favorable prognosis, a small number of cases undergoing recurrence or progression to anaplastic astrocytoma were reported. Very few genetic studies have been performed on PXA because of its rarity and the pathogenesis of this neoplasm is largely unknown. In order to provide an overview of genetic alterations in PXA, we performed comparative genomic hybridization to identify chromosomal imbalances (DNA gains and losses) in three cases of PXA. Genetic imbalance was detected on at least one chromosome for each case. One case, which revealed multiple genetic alterations, showed a poor prognosis. DNA gain on chromosome 7 and loss on 8p were demonstrated in two of three cases, suggesting that the candidate gene(s) located on these regions may play a role in the development of PXA. Further studies are needed to identify the residing candidate genes that are involved in the tumorigenesis of PXA. In addition, the histopathological features and previous genetic studies on PXA are reviewed.     

Production of multiple murine CD2 receptor constructs using the baculovirus expression vector and a rapid dot-blot assay

The baculovirus expression system was used to produce three different constructs of the murine cell surface adhesion receptor CD2. One construct coded for a single, N-terminal, Ig-fold domain. It was inefficiently secreted and therefore primarily intracellular. The second construct coded for both extracellular, N-terminal Ig-fold domains. This was efficiently secreted into culture supernatant. The third construct coded for the full-length transmembrane molecule which localized to the cell surface. All constructs were monomers of predicted MW_r and were appropriately glycosylated. They retained epitopic specificity as demonstrated by binding to mAbs, and adhesion function as demonstrated by a rosetting assay.