Ketanserin降低清醒自发性高血压大鼠血压波动性的机理初探

应用计算机化清醒大鼠血流动力学测定技术，观察５－ＨＴ２受体阻滞剂Ｒｉｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ（Ｒｉｔ）和α１受体阻滞剂哌唑嗪对清醒自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）的血压、血压波动性（ＢＰＶ）和动脉压力感受性反射血压控制部分（ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ）的效应，旨在初步探讨兼具５－ＨＴ２受体和α１受体阻滞作用地新型抗高血压药Ｋｅｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ降低ＢＰＶ的机制。结果表明：Ｒｉｔ对ＳＨＲ无降压作用，但侧脑室给药明显提高ＡＢＲ－Ｂ     

The adverse effect of treatment prolongation in cervical cancer by high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The potential risk of prolongation of treatment time in cervical cancer has been reported for many low-dose rate (LDR) studies, with an estimated loss of local control ranging from 0.3 to 1.6% per day of treatment prolongation. Since the treatment schedule for fractionated high-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDRICB) is not directly comparable with that for low-dose rate studies, this report aims to evaluate the adverse effect of treatment prolongation specifically for cervical cancer treated with HDRICB. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From September 1992 to December 1997, 257 patients diagnosed with uterine cervical cancer (35 Ib, 26 IIa, 122 IIb, 10 IIIa, 57 IIIb, 7 IVa), who underwent external radiotherapy combined with between two and four courses of HDRICB and a minimum of 3 years of follow-up (median 57 months), were analyzed. Treatment consisted of irradiation of the whole pelvis with 44-45 Gy consisting of 22-25 fractions by 5 weeks, with the dose boosted to 54-58 Gy (with central shielding) for patients diagnosed as FIGO stage IIb-IVa bilateral parametrial disease. HDRICB was performed using an Ir-192 remote afterloading technique at 1-week intervals. The standard prescribed dose for each course of HDRICB was 7.2 Gy to point A for three insertions (before July 1995), or 6.0 Gy to point A for four insertions (after July 1995). Total prescribed point A doses (external beam radiotherapy+HDRICB) ranged from 58 to 71.6 Gy (median, 65.6 Gy) for stage IB-IIA, while analogous dosage for larger lesions (stage IIb-IVa) ranged from 59 to 75.6 Gy (median, 65.6 Gy). Kaplan-Meier and multivariate analyses were used to test the effect of treatment time on pelvic control rate (PCR) and cause-specific survival (CSS) at 5 years. RESULTS: Median treatment time was 63 days. For all stages of disease, the 5-year CSS and PCR were significantly different comparing treatment times of less than and greater than or equal to 63 days [83% and 65% (P=0.004], 93% and 83% (P=0.02), respectively]. These associations were also significant for stage Ib/IIa [97% and 79% (P=0.01), and 100% and 87% (P=0.02), respectively), but not for stage IIb [75% and 72% (P=0.79), and 93% and 87% (P=0.83), respectively] or stage III [66% and 49% (P=0.2), and 83% and 72% (P=0.21), respectively]. Multivariate analysis identified three prognostic factors for CSS, stage (P<0.001), tumor response to external RT (P=0.001), and overall treatment time (OTT; P=0.006). Prognostic factors for pelvic failure were stage (P<0.001), tumor response to external RT (P=0.001), and OTT (P=0.03). Prolongation of treatment time resulted in a daily decrease in pelvic control rate of 0.67% overall, and 0.43% for stage Ib-IIa, 0.57% for stage IIb, and 0.73% for stage III patients. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the data from the current study demonstrates that the adverse effect of treatment prolongation was observed later in the treatment course for the high-dose rate (HDR) series compared to the LDR analog, however, treatment-time prolongation still negatively influenced the cause-specific survival and pelvic control rate for both dosage groups.     

隐匿阴茎的分类和手术治疗

目的：探讨隐匿阴茎的分类和手术治疗方法。方法：手术治疗33例隐匿阴茎患者，年龄l岁3个月-25岁，平均6．2岁。根据Bergeson(1993)的隐匿阴茎的分类标准，埋藏阴茎29例，蹼状阴茎2例，束缚阴茎2例。结果：术后随访2个月-1年，所有患者术后阴茎外观满意，阴茎皮肤与阴茎体附着正常。结论：对隐匿阴茎不能指望青春期发育时耻骨前脂肪组织减少或简单行包茎松解术就能得到解决，正确的分类和恰当的手术治疗才能取得良好效果。     

大黄提取液对脱矿釉质中钙溶出量的影响

目的 观察大黄提取液对脱矿釉质中钙溶出量的影响.方法 用不同浓度的大黄提取液和去离子水处理牙面后进行脱矿,ASCA生化分析仪对釉质脱矿后的脱矿液进行钙离子浓度的检测.结果 2 mg/ml和4 mg/ml大黄提取液处理后釉质钙溶出量<去离了水(P<0.01)、<1 mg/ml大黄提取液组(P<0.05),>2%氟化钠组但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).1 mg/ml大黄提取液处理后釉质钙溶出量>2%氟化钠组(P<0.01),<去离子水组但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 2mg/ ml和4 mg/ml大黄提取液具有抑制脱矿釉质中钙溶出作用:2mg/ml大黄提取液为抑制钙溶出的起始有效浓度.     

磁共振扩散加权成像技术在颅内囊性病变鉴别诊断中的应用

目的探讨磁共振扩散加权成像（DWI）技术对颅内囊性病变中表皮样囊肿、蛛网膜囊肿、脑脓肿及囊性坏死性脑肿瘤（单发囊性转移瘤、神经上皮肿瘤）的鉴别诊断价值。方法对2004年5月-2006年5月行神经外科手术治疗并经病理证实的50例颅内囊性病变患者的磁共振扩散加权成像资料进行回顾性分析．其中表皮样囊肿10例、蛛网膜囊肿10例、脑脓肿10例、单发囊性转移瘤8例及神经上皮肿瘤12例，均进行常规MRI平扫及DWI检查，生成DWI图及表观扩散系数（ADC）图，观察囊变区信号特征并测量该区的表观扩散系数值。结果（1）表皮样囊肿在扩散加权成像显示为高信号，其表观扩散系数图显示为低或稍低信号，表观扩散系数测量值为（0．924-0．12）×10^-3mm^2／s，蛛网膜囊肿扩散加权成像显示为低信号，表观扩散系数图呈高信号，测量值为（3．094-0．21）×10^-3mm^2／s；两组表观扩散系数测量值差异有统计学意义（t=22．278，P=0．000）。（2）脑脓肿之囊变区于扩散加权成像显示为高信号，表观扩散系数图呈低及等信号，表观扩散系数测量值为（0．524-0．08）×10^-3mm^2／s；单发囊性转移瘤和神经上皮肿瘤之囊变区在扩散加权成像上显示为低信号，表观扩散系数图显示为高信号。表观扩散系数测量值为（2．354-0．41）×10^-3mm^2／s，与脑脓肿组相比差异有统计学意义（t=13．939，P=0．000）。结论不同颅内囊性病变在磁共振扩散加权成像上的表现特点及病灶囊变区表观扩散系数测量值的变化。具有诊断与鉴别诊断价值。     

Sympathetic skin response in patients with myasthenia gravis★ A comparative analysis

BACKGROUND: The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN: A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8–72 years with a mean age of (28±5) years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10–75 years with a mean age of (31±5) years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS: After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus (Danmark). The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean±2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS: All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group (P > 0.05). In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% (11/30), the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.     

十二指肠镜下逆行胆胰管造影及取石并发急性胰腺炎6例分析

目的探讨十二指肠镜下逆行胆胰管造影(ERCP)及取石(EST)引发急性胰腺炎的防治方法。方法对该院已行ERCP和EST的42例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果6例术后并发急性胰腺炎，其中1例死亡。结论ERCP和EST引发急性胰腺炎，主要有两种情况，一是化学刺激引发急性胰腺炎；另一方面为共同通道受阻引发急性胰腺炎，只有在操作中认真防范，术后仔细观察、处理，该并发症是可以防治的。     

发疹型汗管瘤2例

汗管瘤是一种汗腺的良性肿瘤,皮损需与很多丘疹性疾病相鉴别。本文报告2例女性患者,组织病理符合发疹型汗管瘤。     

氟马西尼造成的脑弥散成像改变对癫痫灶的定位研究

目的探讨癫痫患者应用氟马西尼之后,用磁共振弥散成像(diffusion-weighted magnetic imaging,DWI)检测脑组织发生的改变,从而确定癫痫灶的位置。方法选择准备手术的癫痫患者20例,其中检查前2个月内服用过苯二氮卓类药物(benzodiazepine,BZD)有9人,另取17位未发做过癫痫的健康者作为对照。在患者清醒和完全的发作间期进行磁共振弥散成像基线扫描,然后静脉推注氟马西尼(flumazenil,FMZ),注射10min后,再次进行DWI检查。所有的病人测量下列双侧结构的表观弥散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC):海马、海马旁回、丘脑、中央白质、与癫痫灶相连的皮质。健康对照者进行了DWI检查,测量了上述结构。我们还对20位患者进行了注射FMZ前后的视频脑电图比较。结果与健康对照者对比,颞叶癫痫患者发病侧海马的发作间期ADC基线明显升高(P<0.05)。在注射氟马西尼后,不同感兴趣区的平均ADC变化如下:近期服用过BZD的患者癫痫发作侧的海马ADC下降(P<0.05);癫痫发作侧的海马旁回ADC下降(P<0.05),而近期没有服用过BZD的患者,未发现上述变化。在视频脑电监测中,服用BZD的患者也更易用FMZ诱发出癫痫波。在颞叶以外癫痫我们没有观察到统一的变化模式。结论近期服用过BZD药物的颞叶癫痫患者中,注射氟马西尼引起的ADC改变和癫痫灶的位置密切相关。核磁共振弥散成像清楚地表明了颢叶癫痫患者潜在癫痫灶的位置,是一个有效检测方法。     

肱骨近端骨折合并肩峰骨折的手术治疗

肱骨近端骨折合并肩峰骨折较为少见.2002年1月～2007年2月,我们收治肱骨近端骨折合并肩峰骨折8例,分别采用肱骨近端锁定钢板和重建钢板切开复位内固定,收到良好的近、远期治疗效果,报道如下.