臭茉莉叶总黄酮提取工艺优化及月周期变化研究

目的:采用超声辅助正交试验法优化臭茉莉叶总黄酮的提取工艺,并进一步研究臭茉莉叶中总黄酮1年内每月含量变化趋势,探讨臭茉莉叶最佳采收时间。方法:以提取液中总黄酮含量为指标,选择乙醇浓度(%)、超声时间(min)、料液比、提取温度(℃)等为考察因素,采用正交试验法L9(34)确定臭茉莉叶提取液中总黄酮的最优工艺。结果:臭茉莉叶所含总黄酮最优提取工艺条件:乙醇浓度70%、超声时间60min、料液比1∶25、提取温度50℃。3月份总黄酮/药材量是0.0235mg·g-1为最高。结论:该提取工艺快捷以及操作简便,适用于臭茉莉叶总黄酮的提取。结合总黄酮月周期变化规律,可以确定1年中5月份和7月份为最佳采摘期。     

Comparison between famciclovir and valacyclovir for acute pain in adult Japanese immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster

Famciclovir is a guanine analog antiviral drug used commonly for herpes zoster. Efficacy of famciclovir treatment has been reported to be comparable to valacyclovir treatment. Both of these medications reduce the time to complete cessation of zoster‐associated pain including post‐herpetic neuralgia, as compared to acyclovir. We conducted a multicenter, randomized, open clinical trial in order to evaluate the extent of pain relief afforded by these two antiviral drugs during the acute disease phase of herpes zoster. The study group comprised 86 immunocompetent adult patients suffering from herpes zoster, who were treated with either famciclovir or valacyclovir for 7 days. Of these, 55 patients enrolled in this study within 72 h of the onset of the rash and 31 patients after 72 h of the onset. There was a significant reduction in acute herpes zoster pain with famciclovir on day 7 and at 2–3 weeks in both of these patient groups, while with valacyclovir, there was not significant reduction in pain on day 7. Of patients aged 50 years or older, there was a significantly earlier reduction in pain with famciclovir than with valacyclovir. In addition, a significant reduction in the number of patients with pain was observed as early as days 3–4 with famciclovir treatment as compared with valacyclovir treatment. We conclude that famciclovir was superior to valacyclovir in the relief of acute pain of herpes zoster. Accordingly, famciclovir is recommended for herpes zoster patients with moderate symptoms and a visual analog scale score of under 50 mm.     

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation in vitro of novel naproxen-dendritic peptide conjugates

A series of bone-targeting prodrugs, dendritic L-Asp and L-Glu peptides Naproxen conjugates have been synthesized in a convergent approach and well characterized by NMR and MS techniques. Their solubility in water and hydroxyapatite affinity were evaluated in in vitro conditions. All the prodrugs were water soluble and exhibited high affinity to HAP. Compound NAP-G₂-Asp was found more potent in HAP binding. The efficient release of the active drug moiety (naproxen) occurred by the cleavage of an amide bond in physiological conditions. These results indicated that the dendritic peptides might become a delivery system for bone tissues and provided an effective entry to the development of new bone-targeting molecules.     

卡介菌多糖核酸干预豚鼠急性过敏反应的研究

目的:研究卡介菌多糖核酸对豚鼠急性过敏反应的作用及可能的机制,探讨卡介菌多糖核酸的质量控制效力模型的提高方法。方法:建立牛血清白蛋白诱导豚鼠产生急性过敏反应模型。激发后30 min内观察豚鼠全身反应,并根据致敏性症状评分标准分级。取血用ELISA法测致敏前、攻击前及攻击后豚鼠血清总Ig E和组胺水平。结果:攻击后,模型组和卡介菌多糖核酸低剂量组豚鼠出现不同程度的急性过敏反应症状,而卡介菌中、高剂量组豚鼠急性过敏反应症状明显缓解。模型组在攻击前、后采集的血清总Ig E水平分别为1.637 0±0.158 6,1.683 1±0.228 1μg·ml-1,较正常对照组显著升高(P<0.01),而同时给予卡介菌多糖核酸后,卡介菌高剂量和中剂量处理组在攻击前、后采集的血清总Ig E水平与模型组比较均显著降低(P<0.01)。经牛血清蛋白致敏后,在攻击前后,模型组血清中组胺水平分别为1.499 7±0.133 1,1.512 1±0.050 6μg·ml-1,与阴性对照组相比均显著升高(P<0.01),而同时给予卡介菌多糖核酸后,卡介菌高、中、低各剂量处理组在攻击前、后采集的血清中组胺水平与模型组比较有明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:卡介菌多糖核酸可剂量依赖性抑制牛血清蛋白引起的急性过敏反应。其抗急性过敏反应的可能机制与降低血清总Ig E和组胺水平有关。     

巴马神酒调节免疫及抗脂质过氧化药理作用研究

摘 要 目的： 观察巴马神酒对小鼠免疫功能、肝脏脂质过氧化损伤及游泳耐力的药理作用。方法: 采用碳粒廓清实验法及环磷酰胺致小鼠免疫低下模型评价巴马神酒对免疫功能的作用;建立四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,以血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸转移酶（AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）以及丙二醛（MDA）的水平,评价巴马神酒抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤作用;以小鼠负重游泳的持续时间,评价巴马神酒提高游泳耐力的功能。结果: 巴马神酒能提高小鼠吞噬指数K及吞噬系数α（与空白组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）;对环磷酰胺诱发的胸腺、脾脏脏器指数的下降有一定的提高（与模型组比较,P<0.05）;能够降低四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤血清中AST、ALT含量,降低血清MDA的含量,增强SOD的活性（与模型组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）;可以延长小鼠负重游泳时间（与空白组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论: 巴马神酒具有提升小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬能力、保护免疫低下小鼠的胸腺和脾脏指数的作用,并具有抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤和提高游泳耐力的作用。     

Clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus: A case series

Rationale:Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare and special type of smooth muscle tumor originating in the uterus. It is classified as a benign disease according to its histological features but shows the behavioral characteristics of a malignant tumor. It is easily misdiagnosed and recurrent. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze clinicopathological data of 25 cases of IVL in order to enhance clinicians’ understanding of this rare disease.Patient concerns:We screened and identified 25 cases of IVL at our hospital from October 2013 to January 2020. Five patients had tumors.Diagnoses:The diagnosis in each case was pathologically confirmed after surgical treatment.Interventions:All patients were managed surgically. Although the surgical procedures were different, the surgical approach was geared towards achieving complete excision. Three patients received hormonal therapy with gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonists after surgery.Outcomes:We retrospectively reviewed all medical records and analyzed the clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of this disease as well as the correlations between the clinical features and risk of recurrence. Neither the symptoms nor the preoperative imaging results were suggestive of IVL in any of the cases. Except for two patients who were lost to follow-up, twenty-three patients who were followed up are still alive. Three patients experienced a recurrence.Lessons:The clinical manifestations and ultrasound images of IVL in the early stages are not typical; thus, IVL is easily misdiagnosed as uterine leiomyoma. Radiologists, pathologists, and surgeons should have a thorough understanding of IVL and a high index of vigilance for IVL in clinical practice. Surgery should always be aimed at achieving complete tumor excision. Patients with large lesions (≥7 cm) and lesions extending to the broad ligament may have an increased risk of recurrence. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are very important; once the diagnosis is confirmed, regular follow-ups are crucial.     

Lifestyles Associated with Prognosis After Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan

Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Hepatocellular carcinoma develops in some patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), even after achieving sustained virological response (SVR). We examined factors...