社区老年人2型糖尿病患者实行自我管理教育干预效果评价

目的探索建立老年2型糖尿病患者社区医院自我管理教育干预效果,提高糖尿病指标控制,节约医疗资源的新模式。方法江浦社区2型糖尿病患者经问询筛选出"四不"对象84名,随机分成两组,教育组与对照组,教育组接受全科医师自我管理教育干预,对照组只门诊随诊不做教育指导。结果空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白3项指标经3个月自我管理教育干预后,教育组教育前后指标差异有统计学显著意义(P﹤0.01)。对照组同期教育前后空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白差别无统计学检验意义(P﹥0.05),餐后2h血糖同期教育前后差别有统计学意义。结论自我管理教育能有效提高"四不"糖尿病患者血糖等指标的控制,节约医疗资源有积极意义。     

父母肥胖对儿童期肥胖的影响

目的：探讨父母肥胖对儿童期肥胖的影响。方法：以北京市近万名6－8岁儿童为调查对象，测量其身高、体重，并发放调查问卷以获得父母的身高与体重。以体重超过身高标准值的120％为标准筛选出肥胖儿童，以BMI超过25或28kg/m^2为标准筛选出超重或肥胖家长。结果：当父亲正常、超重及肥胖时儿童肥胖率分别为12．3％，20．0％和25．0％，当母亲正常、超重及肥胖时儿童肥胖率分别为13．8％，26．5％和30．0％，各组的肥胖率之间差别显。父母均正常的儿童肥胖发生率为11．1％，而父母均超重或肥胖的儿童肥胖率则上升至33．6％。儿童BMI与父亲和母亲BMI均明显相关，相关系数分别为0．195和0．214。结论：父母肥胖是儿童肥胖的重要危险因素，父母肥胖的儿童应成为预防肥胖的重点人群。     

HISTAMINE RELEASE AND CHANDONIUM IODIDE

Histamine releasing activity of chandonium iodide and d-tubocurarine was studied in guinea pig ileum (in vitro), guinea pig peritoneum (in vivo) and in human volunteers (in vivo) by intradermal testing at dilutions of 1:1,000 and 1:10,000 of the clinical dosage of drugs. d-tubocurarine revealed significant histamine releasing activity in in vivo animal experiments and high incidence of positive intradermal reaction, 53.5 per cent and 13.5 per cent, in human volunteers. Chandonium iodide neither showed histamine releasing activity in animals nor in man. In clinical terms, chandonium iodide appears to be a safe neuromuscular blocking agent.KEY WORDS: Neuromuscular blocking agent, Histamine releasing activity, Chandonium iodide     

肾错构瘤的诊断与病理学基础的关系

肾错构瘤是肾脏最为常见的良性肿瘤,肾细胞癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤,二者的治疗方法和预后截然不同。但在临床诊断的时候,相互之间常有误诊,给工作带来一定的麻烦。我院从1990年5月至2000年6月,共收治肾错构瘤患者62例,现将它们的临床诊断、治疗与病理学基础进行分析,以减少误诊的     

MR动态增强减影技术对颅内T_1WI高信号病变的诊断价值

目的探讨MR动态增强减影技术对颅内T1WI高信号病变的诊断价值。方法应用PhilipsNT101.0T磁共振扫描仪,对32例患者颅内T1WI高信号病变进行MR动态增强减影扫描处理,然后进行分析。结果32例患者中,单纯出血13例,动态增强减影后MRI表现为,原有高信号消失,或仅为周边线状高信号;脑血管畸形AVM7例,MRI表现为散在血管畸形之间的斑片状高信号;胶质瘤伴出血8例,MRI表现为肿瘤实质部分增强的高信号更为明显。垂体瘤伴出血4例,MRI表现为肿瘤实质部分增强的高信号显示清楚。结论MR动态增强减影技术为颅内T1WI高信号病变的诊断及鉴别诊断提供了一种新的方法。     

Insulin reverses anxiety-like behavior evoked by streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice

Clinical and preclinical data suggest that diabetes is often associated with anxiety. Insulin, a peptide hormone has been reported to have key functions in the brain and in alleviating several psychological impairments, occur as a consequence of diabetes. However, its effects in diabetes-induced anxiety are scanty. The present study examined whether; insulin can reverse the anxiety-like behavior in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice. After 8-weeks of diabetes induced by STZ (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), mice were given insulin (1–2 IU/kg/day, i.p.)/ diazepam (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.)/ vehicle for 14 days and evaluated for behavioral effects in three validated models of anxiety viz. elevated plus maze (EPM), light–dark (L/D) and hole board (HB) tests. STZ-induced diabetic mice elicited significant behavioral effects which include, decreased percentage open arm entries and time in EPM, reduced latency and time spent in light chamber in L/D, decreased number of head dips, squares crossed and rearings in HB tests respectively. Insulin treatment attenuated the behavioral effects evoked by STZ-induced diabetes in mice as indicated by increased open arms activity in EPM, decreased aversion in light chamber during L/D test and increased exploratory behavior in HB test. In conclusion, this study revealed that insulin can reverse anxiety-like behavior in STZ-induced diabetes in mice.     

SARS病毒感染临床分型的初步探讨

目的：探讨SARS病毒感染的临床分型。方法：对4例SARS病毒感染患者的临床过程及高危人群抗SARS病毒IgG抗体水平进行分析。结果：提出了SARS病毒感染可进一步分为严重急性呼吸系统综合征型(重症)、非典型性肺炎型(肺部阴影为主要表现)、钝挫型(轻症，无肺部阴影)和隐匿型(无症状感染者)4种临床类型。结论：SRAS病毒感染可表现为连续的、轻重不同的多种临床过程。     

后腹膜腔镜肾切除患者的护理

笔者报道后腹膜腔镜肾切除手术患者的护理，认为术前做好心理护理和准备，术后加强呼吸道护理和管道护理，密切观察病情变化．严防并发症的发生．注重康复指导，是患者顺利恢复健康的关键。     

Tenor Dynalok系统在腰椎滑脱手术中的应用

目的:观察TenorDynalok系统在腰椎滑脱手术中的应用。方法:19例重度滑脱病人行减压、复位固定、脊柱融合、术后定期随诊拍片,观察疗效及滑脱椎体复位情况、稳定性和融合情况。结果:19例病人,17例完全复位,另2例不完全复位,融合阶段全部融合,无内植物的并发症。结论:TenorDynalok系统可使绝大部分滑脱的腰椎复位,并获得良好的融合,使复位后的稳定性增加。