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991.
Multidimensional anatomy of ‘modern type depression’ in Japan: A proposal for a different diagnostic approach to depression beyond the DSM‐5
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Takahiro A. Kato Ryota Hashimoto Kohei Hayakawa Hiroaki Kubo Motoki Watabe Alan R. Teo Shigenobu Kanba 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》2016,70(1):7-23
Japan's prototype of depression was traditionally a melancholic depression based on the premorbid personality known as shūchaku‐kishitsu proposed by Mitsuzo Shimoda in the 1930s. However, since around 2000, a novel form of depression has emerged among Japanese youth. Called ‘modern type depression (MTD)’ by the mass media, the term has quickly gained popularity among the general public, though it has not been regarded as an official medical term. Likewise, lack of consensus guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment, and a dearth of scientific literature on MTD has led to confusion when dealing with it in clinical practice in Japan. In this review article, we summarize and discuss the present situation and issues regarding MTD by focusing on historical, diagnostic, psychosocial, and cultural perspectives. We also draw on international perspectives that begin to suggest that MTD is a phenomenon that may exist not only in Japan but also in many other countries with different sociocultural and historical backgrounds. It is therefore of interest to establish whether MTD is a culture‐specific phenomenon in Japan or a syndrome that can be classified using international diagnostic criteria as contained in the ICD or the DSM. We propose a novel diagnostic approach for depression that addresses MTD in order to combat the current confusion about depression under the present diagnostic systems. 相似文献
992.
K. Nanmoku T. Shinzato T. Kubo T. Shimizu T. Kimura T. Yagisawa 《Transplantation proceedings》2018,50(1):124-129
Background
The main challenge with cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in IgG donor-positive/recipient-negative (D+/R–) kidney transplant recipients is late-onset CMV disease. We evaluated a novel protocol for the prevention of late-onset CMV infection and disease in D+/R? organ recipients.Methods
Our prospective, observational, cohort study included 100 adult kidney transplant recipients. Prophylaxis with low-dose valganciclovir (450 mg/d, 3 times a week for 6 months) was administered to D+/R? recipients. Risk factors for CMV infection and disease were identified. Renal function and the outcomes of CMV infection and disease were compared between D+/R? (n = 15) and recipient-positive (R+; n = 81) organ recipients.Results
D+/R? recipients showed significant independent risk factors with high hazard ratios for CMV infection (2.04) and disease (10.3). The proportion of CMV infection in D+/R? and R+ recipients was 80% and 46% (P = .023), and that of CMV disease was 33% and 6.2% (P = .008), repectively. D+/R? recipients developed CMV infection and disease within 6 months after transplantation. However, both CMV infection- and disease-free survival rates beyond 1 year post-transplantation defined as late-onset were stable in D+/R? recipients. Moreover, serum creatinine levels at 1 year post-transplantation were comparable between D+/R? and R+ recipients (1.45 ± 0.71 vs 1.16 ± 0.35 mg/dL, P = .26).Conclusion
Our novel protocol prevented late-onset CMV infection and disease beyond 1 year post-transplantation in D+/R? recipients. 相似文献993.
Histamine stimulates alveolar macrophages to release neutrophil and monocyte chemotactic activity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nomura H Sato E Koyama S Haniuda M Kubo K Nagai S Izumi T 《The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine》2001,138(4):226-235
Histamine and serotonin are important inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiology of asthma, and asthmatic patients have higher plasma histamine and serotonin levels than non-asthmatic control subjects. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) synthesize and secrete a large number of substances that play a key role in acute and chronic inflammation including asthma. We postulated that AMs might release chemotactic activity for neutrophils and monocytes in response to histamine or serotonin. To test this hypothesis, bovine AMs were cultured, and the supernatant fluids were evaluated for neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA) and monocyte chemotactic activity (MCA) by a blind well chamber technique. AMs released chemotactic activity in response to histamine and serotonin in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P <.05). Partial characterization and molecular sieve column chromatography revealed that low-molecular-weight lipid-soluble activity was predominant. Lipoxygenase inhibitors significantly blocked the release of chemotactic activity. Leukotriene B(4) receptor antagonists blocked the chemotactic activity. Immunoreactive leukotriene B(4) significantly increased in supernatant fluids in response to histamine and serotonin. The receptor responsible for the release of chemotactic activity in response to histamine was the H2 receptor. These data demonstrate that AMs release NCA and MCA in response to histamine or serotonin (or both) and may modulate the inflammatory cell recruitment into the lung. 相似文献
994.
K. Nanmoku T. Shinzato T. Kubo T. Shimizu T. Kimura T. Yagisawa 《Transplantation proceedings》2018,50(4):1050-1055
Background
The effectiveness of everolimus (EVR) for ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation is unknown. We evaluated outcomes of conversion from steroid to EVR in ABOi kidney transplant recipients.Methods
We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of 33 de novo consecutive adult ABOi living donor kidney transplant recipients. Desensitization was performed using 0 to 4 sessions of plasmapheresis and 1 to 2 doses of 100 mg rituximab according to the anti-A/B antibody titer. ABOi recipients were administered a combination of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and methylprednisolone. Diabetic patients were converted from methylprednisolone to EVR at 1 to 15 months post-transplantation to prevent diabetes progression. Graft outcomes, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and cytomegalovirus infection rates were compared between the EVR (n = 11) and steroid (n = 22) groups.Results
Mean postoperative duration was 814 and 727 days in the EVR and steroid groups, respectively (P = .65). Between the 2 groups, graft survival rate (100% vs 95.5%, P > .99), acute rejection rate (9.1% vs 18.2%, P = .64), and serum creatinine levels (1.46 mg/dL vs 1.68 mg/dL, P = .66) were comparable. Although HbA1c levels were elevated in the steroid group (5.47%, 5.87%; P = .003), no significant deterioration was observed in the EVR group without additional insulin administration (6.10%, 6.47%; P = .21). Cytomegalovirus infection rate was significantly lower in the EVR group than in the steroid group (18.2% vs 63.6%, P = .026).Conclusion
Conversion from steroid to EVR in ABOi kidney transplant recipients maintained excellent graft outcomes and avoided diabetes progression and cytomegalovirus infection. 相似文献995.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment outcomes for parapharyngeal space schwannomas: A single‐institution review of 21 cases
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996.
997.
Tohda Y Muraki M Kubo H Iwanaga T Nakajima S Fukuoka M 《The Journal of international medical research》2001,29(3):229-235
The effect of a new thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, AA-2414, (+/-)-7-(3,5,6-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinon-2-yl)-7-phenylheptanoic acid, on dual bronchoconstriction and airway hyper-reactivity in actively sensitized guinea-pigs was investigated. Immediate and late bronchial responses were seen 1-10 min and 4-7 h, respectively, after inhalation of antigen. In guinea-pigs pretreated with AA-2414, 5 mg/kg orally, the immediate bronchial response was inhibited. An administration of AA-2414 inhibited the late bronchial response. The numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages, but not of lymphocytes, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased at 4 h after antigen inhalation. AA-2414 did not affect the numbers of total cells, eosinophils, neutrophils or macrophages. Sensitized guinea-pigs showed a significant airway hyperreactivity to inhaled histamine, which was not influenced by an administration of AA-2414. Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of airway-infiltrated cells from sensitized guinea-pigs stimulated with A23187 was slightly inhibited by AA-2414. These results show that AA-2414 inhibits the late asthmatic response and the production of oxygen radicals from airway-infiltrated cells. 相似文献
998.
999.
Endo E Nitta N Inayoshi M Saito R Takemura K Minegishi H Kubo S Kondo M 《Journal of advanced nursing》2000,32(3):603-610
Pattern recognition as a caring partnership in families with cancer The purpose of this study was to address the process of a caring partnership by elaborating pattern recognition as nursing intervention with families with cancer. It is based on Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness within the unitary-transformative paradigm and is an extension of a previous study of Japanese women with ovarian cancer. A hermeneutic, dialectic method was used to engage 10 Japanese families in which the wife-mothers were hospitalized because of cancer diagnosis. The family included at least the woman with cancer and her primary caregiver. Each of four nurse-researchers entered into partnership with a different family and conducted three interviews with each family. The participants were asked to describe the meaningful persons and events in their family history. The family's story was transmuted into a diagram of sequential patterns of interactional configurations and shared with the family at the second meeting. Evidence of pattern recognition and insight into the meaning of the family pattern were identified further in the remaining meetings. The data revealed five dimensions of a transformative process. Most families found meaning in their patterns and made a shift from separated individuals within the family to trustful caring relationships. One-third of them went through this process within two interviews. The families showed increasing openness, connectedness and trustfulness in caring relationships. In partnership with the family, each nurse-researcher grasped the pattern of the family as a whole and experienced the meaning of caring. Pattern recognition as nursing intervention was a meaning-making transforming process in the family-nurse partnership. 相似文献
1000.
Bestatin administration and the change in cellular immunity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H Yamagishi K Naito Y Ueda S Itoi H Kohnosu M Kobayashi H Kubo A Matsuda T Oka 《Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy》1991,45(2-3):117-120
The change in cellular immunity by Bestatin (ubenimex) treatment--30 mg/day orally--was investigated in 23 gastrointestinal cancer patients for: 1), functional T cell subsets; 2), IL-2 receptor; 3), PHA-induced blastogenesis; and 4), PPD skin reaction. The absolute number of helper T cells (Th) and cytotoxic T cells (Tc) increased in 74 and 79% of cases, respectively, compared with pretreatment values. On the other hand, the absolute number of suppressor T cells (Ts) decreased in 79% of cases. IL-2 receptor increased in 56% of patients, PHA blastogenesis increased in 67% of patients and PPD skin reaction was elevated in 75% of cases comparing to pretreatment values. These results suggest that Bestatin could increase cellular immunity in cancer patients. 相似文献