全文获取类型
收费全文 | 731篇 |
免费 | 54篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 22篇 |
妇产科学 | 25篇 |
基础医学 | 108篇 |
口腔科学 | 15篇 |
临床医学 | 107篇 |
内科学 | 86篇 |
皮肤病学 | 99篇 |
神经病学 | 46篇 |
特种医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 29篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 77篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 79篇 |
肿瘤学 | 82篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 21篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 42篇 |
2012年 | 50篇 |
2011年 | 80篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 51篇 |
2006年 | 59篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 35篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有786条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Patja K Pukkala E Sund R Iivanainen M Kaski M 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2006,118(7):1769-1772
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a predisposition to leukaemia and testicular cancer, but data on the incidence of cancers are yet sparse. A cohort of 3,581 persons with DS was identified from a National Registry of Finnish persons with intellectual disability collected between 1978 and 1986 and followed-up for cancer incidence until 2002. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were defined as ratios of observed number of cancer cases to those expected from the national cancer incidence rates, by age and sex. The overall cancer risk was equal to that of the general population, but a significantly high risk of leukaemia (SIR 10.5, CI 95% 6.6-15.8) and testicular cancer (SIR4.8, CI 95% 1.8-10.4) was found. 相似文献
92.
Manderbacka K Hetemaa T Keskimäki I Luukkainen P Koskinen S Reunanen A 《Journal of epidemiology and community health》2006,60(5):442-447
BACKGROUND: Systematic socioeconomic differences in mortality have been reported among myocardial infarction (MI) patients in many countries, including Finland. The findings have been similar irrespective of country, study period, age group, or length of follow up, but few studies have examined the disparities among other groups of coronary patients. This study examined whether similar socioeconomic differences in outcomes exist among patients with angina pectoris (AP). METHODS: The data were based on individual register linkages among a population based 40-79 year-old cohort of 61,350 patients with incident AP or MI during 1995-1998 in Finland. Two year coronary heart disease mortality and one year MI incidence and its 28 day case fatality was studied among AP patients using Cox's and logistic regression analysis, and the results compared with those of the MI patient group. RESULTS: A clear socioeconomic pattern was found in two year coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality: the lower the socioeconomic group the higher the mortality risk. The socioeconomic patterning of mortality was similar to that found among MI patients. Controlling for comorbidity or disease severity did not change the results. Among AP patients a similar pattern was also found in MI incidence during the follow up, but no systematic socioeconomic differences were detected in its 28 day case fatality. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic differences in CHD outcomes also exist among angina patients. These results suggest that targeted measures of secondary prevention are needed among CHD patients with lower socioeconomic status to reduce socioeconomic disparities in fatal and non-fatal coronary events. 相似文献
93.
Pierceall WE Sprott KM Heikkinen T Heikkila P Alaparthi L Aittomaki K Al-Adhami M Villegas-Bergazzi V Meyer JL Kutok JL Bartkova J Bartek J Nevanlinna H Weaver DT Blomqvist C 《Human pathology》2012,43(9):1363-1375
Tumor biomarkers increasingly provide information for predicting outcomes with chemotherapeutic regimens (personalized medicine). Topo2A is a DNA helicase targeted by anthracyclines, cytotoxic therapeutics used in both adjuvant and palliative treatments of breast cancer. TOP2A gene amplification/deletion is implicated in response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. We describe an approach for analyzing formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tumors on tissue microarrays with TOP2A fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled with cytokeratin immunofluorescence to target tumor cells. Stained tissue from patient specimens was imaged and analyzed using Metafer/Metacyte (Metasystems, Waltham, MA, USA), including customized image classifiers. TOP2A/CEN17 ratios of 2.0 or greater (amplified) and 0.8 or less (deleted) were observed for 10.0% and 6.1% of the patients, respectively. Patient outcomes for adjuvant chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide-epirubicin-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-fluorouracil, no chemotherapy) were evaluated. No statistical significance was achieved for clinical end points regarding TOP2A status in anthracycline-treated patients. However, patients with TOP2A aberrations receiving methotrexate-based therapy exhibited a significant decrease in 5-year distant disease-free survival and breast cancer-specific overall survival, especially for patients with TOP2A deletions (disease-free survival: hazard ratio, 5.31 [P = .001], and breast cancer-specific overall survival: hazard ratio, 6.45 [P ≤ .001]). No significant differences were seen in patients included in the no-chemotherapy group. Topo2A protein levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry with no correlative statistical relevance to immunofluorescence/fluorescence in situ hybridization-based prognosis for cyclophosphamide-epirubicin-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-fluorouracil groups. Interestingly, aberrant (under)expressing patients in the no-chemotherapy group exhibited better 5-year distant disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.39; P = .004), trending toward more favorable breast cancer-specific overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.61; P = .11). Our results indicate a strategy by which fluorescence in situ hybridization scoring targeted to cytokeratin-positive tumor cells may provide a tool for added precision and efficiency in TOP2A evaluation from tumor tissue. 相似文献
94.
95.
96.
Platt L Bobrova N Rhodes T Uusküla A Parry JV Rüütel K Talu A Abel K Rajaleid K Judd A 《AIDS (London, England)》2006,20(16):2120-2123
We found a high prevalence of HIV among injecting drug users (IDU) 54% in Tallinn and 90% in Kohtla Jarve, Estonia. Risk factors for HIV in Tallinn included use of the drug 'china white', being registered as an IDU at a drug treatment clinic, and sharing injecting equipment with sex partners. Differences existed in risk behaviour between the cities. An urgent scale-up of HIV prevention is needed. It is also important to explore how local 'risk environments' mediate the risk of HIV transmission. 相似文献
97.
We report an unusual case of segmental stem fracture in 4 places of a cemented femoral prosthesis in a 43-year-old man 4 years after total hip arthroplasty. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of segmental stem fracture. Detailed analysis of the prosthesis was performed at an independent testing laboratory. Initiation of all the cracks occurred on the medial aspect on the stem where the manufacturer's identification lettering was present, and the fractures occurred sequentially along the stem from distal to proximal. Laser etching is likely to have caused the microstructural alterations found on the surface of the stem, which, in turn, predisposed to fatigue cracking. Proximal debonding of the cement-bone interface observed in prefracture radiographs suggests that cantilever-bending stresses represented the initial mode of failure. 相似文献
98.
99.
Antiviral compounds were evaluated for efficacy against yellow fever virus (YFV) in a hamster model of YFV-induced liver disease. Challenge with a 10(2) 50% cell culture infectious doses of YFV resulted in a 50-80% mortality rate in female hamsters. Virus was detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) in liver, kidney, spleen and serum with peak titers on 4-6 days post-viral challenge (dpi). Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, potassium and creatinine were significantly elevated, while serum levels of albumin, amylase, glucose, calcium, globulin, phosphorus, sodium and total protein were significantly reduced. Packed cell volume and white blood cell count were significantly elevated during the course of the infection. Intraperitoneal treatment of hamsters with 0.5-5 microg/kg/day interferon (IFN) alfacon-1, 100mg/kg/day viramidine or 50 mg/kg/day ribavirin, initiated 4h prior to YFV challenge, resulted in significant improvement in survival and serum ALT levels. Treatment with IFN alfacon-1 or ribavirin starting 2dpi, also significantly improved survival and serum ALT levels in hamsters challenged with YFV. Pre- and post-virus exposure treatment with IFN alfacon-1 was efficacious in improving disease in YFV-infected hamsters. 相似文献
100.
Vahteristo P Syrjäkoski K Heikkinen T Eerola H Aittomäki K von Smitten K Holli K Blomqvist C Kallioniemi OP Nevanlinna H 《European journal of human genetics : EJHG》2006,14(2):167-172
BARD1 (BRCA1-associated RING-domain 1) is a tumor suppressor whose protein product interacts with BRCA1, and in which rare somatic and germline mutations have been reported in breast, uterine, and endometrial cancers. We aimed to evaluate whether there are BARD1 genetic variants that contribute to breast cancer risk by screening the gene for germline alterations in 45 Finnish familial breast cancer patients and in seven patients with both breast and ovarian cancer. Two of the missense alterations identified (Cys557Ser and Val507Met) were recently suggested to associate with an increased breast cancer risk. We also analyzed these variants in large and independent series of familial and unselected breast cancer patients and healthy controls. No clearly deleterious mutations were detected in the initial mutation screening. No association of the Cys557Ser and breast cancer risk was observed as the variant was found altogether in 1.4% (16/1181) of familial and 2.2% (34/1565) of unselected breast cancer patients, and in 2.5% (27/1083) of healthy controls. The frequency of the Val-allele of the Val507Met variant was modestly higher among breast cancer patients than among healthy controls, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. No statistically significant association of the Cys557Ser or Val507Met variants with any clinicopathologic parameters was observed. These results suggest that the contribution of the BARD1 germline variants to breast cancer predisposition is very limited, and that neither Cys557Ser nor Val507Met have an effect on familial breast cancer susceptibility. 相似文献