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991.
992.
Rhonda Griffiths AM RN CM B.Ed MSc Dr.PH Jan Horsfall RN BA MA PhD Margo Moore RN BA MPH Di Lane RN BA Veronica Kroon RN CN BA Rachel Langdon BAppSci BA 《International journal of nursing practice》2009,15(3):172-184
Individual and community health outcomes are strengthened by friendships and social support networks. Community interventions aimed at improving the social factors that influence the health of individuals and communities increasingly include strategies to develop resilience through building networks and social capital. The study reported here used a cross-sectional survey design, administered at two time points, to measure the effect of a community capacity-building programme implemented by Women's Health Nurses. Data described and where possible measured women's perceptions of their physical and mental well-being, friendships and support networks, community connectedness and participation, safety, and knowledge of and access to local community services. The follow-up survey also measured the impact of specific community development initiatives. Overall, findings of both surveys were consistent, with some notable exceptions. For example, at follow up there was a significant improvement in mental health indicators and fewer women believed their physical or emotional problems imposed a considerable burden on their daily activities. They also believed people from other cultures were more likely to be accepted by neighbours and reported increased involvement in community activities as a direct result of the Villawood Icebreakers Project. 相似文献
993.
JS Lagas CM van der Kruijssen K van de Wetering JH Beijnen AH Schinkel 《Drug metabolism and disposition》2009,37(1):129-136
Diclofenac is an important analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, widely used for treatment of postoperative pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic pain associated with cancer. Consequently, diclofenac is often used in combination regimens and undesirable drug-drug interactions may occur. Because many drug-drug interactions may occur at the level of drug transporting proteins, we studied interactions of diclofenac with apical ATP-binding cassette (ABC) multidrug efflux transporters. Using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-II cells transfected with human P-glycoprotein (P-gp; MDR1/ABCB1), multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) and murine Bcrp1, we found that diclofenac was efficiently transported by murine Bcrp1 and moderately by human BCRP but not by P-gp or MRP2. Furthermore, in Sf9-BCRP membrane vesicles diclofenac inhibited transport of methotrexate in a concentration-dependent manner. We next used MDCK-II-MRP2 cells to study interactions of diclofenac with MRP2-mediated drug transport. Diclofenac stimulated paclitaxel, docetaxel, and saquinavir transport at only 50 microM. We further found that the uricosuric drug benzbromarone stimulated MRP2 at an even lower concentration, having maximal stimulatory activity at only 2 microM. Diclofenac and benzbromarone stimulated MRP2-mediated transport of amphipathic lipophilic drugs at 10- and 250-fold lower concentrations, respectively, than reported for other MRP2 stimulators. Because these concentrations are readily achieved in patients, adverse drug-drug interactions may occur, for example, during cancer therapy, in which drug concentrations are often critical and stimulation of elimination via MRP2 may result in suboptimal chemotherapeutic drug concentrations. Moreover, stimulation of MRP2 activity in tumors may lead to increased efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs and thereby drug resistance. 相似文献
994.
In tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the most common form of cyanoticcongenital heart disease, only a few patients reach adulthoodwithout surgical correction. We present the case of a man withTOF who survived until the age of 75 years without surgicalintervention and had a very unusual combination of TOF and quadricuspidaortic valve (QAV). QAV, complicated by aortic regurgitation,is an uncommon finding in TOF patients. The hemodynamic consequencesfor both the right and left ventricles are significant. Thiscase provides a rare insight into the late outcome of an elderlypatient with uncorrected TOF. 相似文献
995.
Flávia CM Lopes Ana Rocha Ana Pirraco Luis O Regasini Dulce HS Silva Vanderlan S Bolzani Isabel Azevedo Iracilda Z Carlos Raquel Soares 《BMC complementary and alternative medicine》2009,9(1):15-11
Background
Angiogenesis, a complex multistep process that comprehends proliferation, migration and anastomosis of endothelial cells (EC), has a major role in the development of pathologic conditions such as inflammatory diseases, tumor growth and metastasis. Brazilian flora, the most diverse in the world, is an interesting spot to prospect for new chemical leads, being an important source of new anticancer drugs. Plant-derived alkaloids have traditionally been of interest due to their pronounced physiological activities. We investigated the anti-angiogenic potential of the naturally occurring guanidine alkaloid pterogynidine (Pt) isolated from the Brazilian plant Alchornea glandulosa. The purpose of this study was to examine which features of the angiogenic process could be disturbed by Pt. 相似文献996.
997.
Gertrudis IJM Kempen Jolanda CM van Haastregt Kevin J McKee Kim Delbaere GA Rixt Zijlstra 《BMC public health》2009,9(1):170-7
Background
Fear of falling and avoidance of activity are common in old age and are suggested to be (public) health problems of equal importance to falls. Earlier studies of correlates of fear of falling and avoidance of activity did hardly differentiate between severe and mild levels of fear of falling and avoidance of activity which may be relevant from clinical point of view. Furthermore, most studies focused only on socio-demographics and/or health-related variables and hardly incorporated an extensive range of potential correlates of fear of falling including psychosocial variables. This study analyzes the univariate and multivariate associations between five socio-demographic, seven health-related and six psychosocial variables and levels of fear of falling and avoidance of activity in older persons who avoid activity due to fear of falling. 相似文献998.
Background Emergency colectomy is well accepted for treating complicated right-sided colonic diverticulitis. However, the role of colectomy
for uncomplicated diverticulitis is not well defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term surgical
outcome of uncomplicated right-sided diverticulitis in our locality.
Patients and Methods Retrospective chart review of patients operated for right-sided diverticulitis over a 20-year period was conducted. Recurrent
attacks of right-sided diverticulitis, re-operation rate and re-hospitalisation rate were the long-term parameters of interest.
An updated telephone interview was carried out for all surviving patients.
Results Seventy-four patients (35 males and 39 females), median age 35.5 (range 16–70) years, were operated for uncomplicated diverticulitis.
Thirty patients underwent colectomy, whereas the others underwent appendectomy with diverticulectomy (n = 8) or appendectomy
alone (n = 36). All short-term parameters were less favourable for the colectomy group, including higher complication rate,
slower return of gastrointestinal function, higher requirement of parenteral analgesic and longer hospital stay. Without colectomy,
only 2 patients developed recurrent diverticulitis necessitating hospitalisation, both of whom resolved on conservative treatment.
On the other hand, 1 patient required re-operation after colectomy because of intestinal obstruction. The overall re-hospitalisation
rate was comparable between the colectomy and the non-colectomy group (16.7% vs. 13.6%).
Conclusions Emergency colectomy can eradicate suspicious lesions and eliminate risk of recurrent diverticulitis but at the expense of
higher morbidity rates. As the natural course of uncomplicated right-sided colonic diverticulitis is usually benign, conservative
treatment with minimal surgery may be a better therapeutic option. 相似文献
999.
CRM Lammens EMA Bleiker S Verhoef FJ Hes MGEM Ausems D Majoor‐Krakauer RH Sijmons RB Van Der Luijt AMW Van Den Ouweland Tam Van Os N Hoogerbrugge EB Gómez García CJ Dommering CM Gundy NK Aaronson 《Clinical genetics》2010,77(5):483-491
Lammens CRM, Bleiker EMA, Verhoef S, Hes FJ, Ausems MGEM, Majoor‐Krakauer D, Sijmons RH, Luijt van der RB, Ouweland van den AMW, Van Os Tam, Hoogerbrugge N, Gomez‐Garcia EB, Dommering CJ, Gundy CM, Aaronson NK. Psychosocial impact of von Hippel–Lindau disease: levels and sources of distress. Von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL) is a hereditary tumor susceptibility syndrome, characterized by an increased risk of developing multiple benign and malignant tumors at various sites and ages with limited preventive options. This study evaluates the prevalence of distress among VHL family members and factors associated significantly with such distress. Forty‐eight families with a VHL mutation were identified via the nine family cancer clinics in the Netherlands. In total, 171 family members (carriers, 50% at‐risk, non‐carriers) were approached, of whom 123 (72%) completed a self‐report questionnaire. Approximately 40% of the VHL family members reported clinically relevant levels of distress, approaching 50% among the carriers and, possibly even more striking, 36% among the non‐carriers. Having lost a first degree relative due to VHL during adolescence (OR 11.2; 95% CI 1.4–86.9) was related significantly to heightened levels of distress. Approximately, only one‐third of those who reported heightened levels of distress had received professional psychosocial support. A substantial percentage of family members experience clinically relevant levels of distress. We would recommend the introduction of a procedure for screening for distress in this vulnerable population. Special attention should be paid to those individuals who have lost a close relative due to VHL during adolescence. 相似文献
1000.
Ari Rabl TQ Thach PYK Chau CM Wong 《Environmental health : a global access science source》2011,10(1):25