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11.
Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Binding Sites and PACAP/Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Receptor Expression in Human Pituitary Adenomas 下载免费PDF全文
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Mikio Watanabe Dr. Yoshinori Iwatani Tatsunari Kaneda Yoh Hidaka Nobuaki Mitsuda Yasuhiko Morimoto Nobuyuki Amino 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》1997,37(5):368-377
PROBLEM: Pregnancy affects the maternal immune system and the clinical course of maternal diseases. Here we report the changes in the detailed lymphocyte subsets of helper T cells, suppressor T cells, CD5+ B cells, T cell receptor (TCR) αβ-positive T cells (Tαβ cells), TCRαβ-negative T cell (Tγδ cells), and others during and after pregnancy through to one year postpartum, and discuss the significance of the changes. METHOD: The absolute numbers of helper T cells, suppressor T cells, cytotoxic T cells, TCRαβ-negative T cells (Tγδ cells), CD5— B cells, CD5+ B cells, and NK cell subsets were examined by two-color flow cytometry in peripheral blood from 51 healthy non-pregnant women, 106 healthy pregnant women, and 148 healthy postpartum women. RESULTS: In early pregnancy, the numbers of suppressor T cells and NK cells with strong cytotoxicity (NK+++ cells) increased, and the number of cytotoxic T cells decreased. In late pregnancy, the helper T cell and NK+++ cell numbers decreased. Tαβ, CD5— B and CD5+ B cells decreased during pregnancy. After delivery, helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells increased from 1 to 4 months postpartum, and suppressor T cells increased at 7 months postpartum. TCRαβ-negative T cells increased at 4 to 10 months postpartum. Both CD5— and CD5+ B cells decreased further at 1 month postpartum, but CD5+ B cells increased markedly at 7 to 10 months postpartum. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that 1) early increases of suppressor T cells and NK+++ cells during pregnancy may be related to the mechanism to accept or reject the fetus in early pregnancy, respectively; 2) late decreases of helper T cells and NK+++ cells may be related to the maintenance of pregnancy: 3) postpartum increases of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, TCRαβ-negative T cells (Tγδ cells), and CD5+ B cells may be related to the postpartum aggravation of autoimmune diseases; and 4) the immunological effects of pregnancy remains until about 1 year after delivery. 相似文献
15.
Masato Matsuda Mika Sato Hiroki Sakata Takahisa Ogawa Ken-ichiro Yamamoto Taiji Yakushiji Makoto Fukuda Takehiro Miyasaka Kiyotaka Sakai 《Journal of artificial organs》2008,11(3):148-155
When uremic blood flows through dialyzers during hemodialysis, dialysis membrane surfaces are exposed to shear stress and internal filtration, which may affect the surface characteristics of the dialysis membranes. In the present study, we evaluated changes in the characteristics of membrane surfaces caused by shear stress and internal filtration using blood substitutes: water purified by reverse osmosis and 6.7 wt% dextran70 solution. We focused on the levels of a hydrophilic modifier, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), on the membrane surface measured by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Experiments involving 4 h dialysis, 0-144 h shear-stress loading, and 4 h dead-end filtration were performed using polyester-polymer alloy (PEPA) and polysulfone (PS) membranes. After the dialysis experiments with accompanying internal filtration, average PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface was 93.7% in all areas, whereas that on the PS membrane surface was 98.9% in all areas. After the shear-stress loading experiments, PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface decreased as shear-stress loading time and the magnitude of shear stress increased. However, with the PS membrane, PVP retention scarcely changed. After the dead-end filtration experiments, PVP retention decreased in all areas for both PEPA and PS membranes, but PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface was lower than that on the PS membrane surface. PVP on the PEPA membrane surface was eluted by both shear stress and internal filtration, while that on the PS membrane surface was eluted only by internal filtration. 相似文献
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Weber S Doi K Massiello AL Byerman BP Takagaki M Fukamachi K Donahue A Chapman P Hirschman G Vitale N Smith WA 《ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)》2002,48(6):606-611
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro responses to preload and afterload of our total artificial heart (TAH), the MagScrew TAH. The TAH consists of two blood pumps and a control logic, developed at the Cleveland Clinic, OH, and the MagScrew actuator and its electronic control system, developed by Foster-Miller Technologies, Inc., Albany, NY. Tests were performed on a mock circulatory loop, using water as a test fluid. Preload sensitivity of the Mag-Screw TAH demonstrated a Frank-Starling response to preload in automatic mode. A peak flow of 10 L/min was obtained, with a left atrial pressure of 13 mm Hg. The relationship between right atrial pressure and left atrial pressure was well balanced when tested with a left bronchial shunt flow of 5% and a range of pulmonary artery and aortic pressures. With respect to afterload response, the left pump showed a relatively low sensitivity, which allowed the pump to maintain perfusion over a wide range of aortic pressures. The right pump, on the other hand, was much more sensitive to pulmonary artery pressure, which provided a measure of protection against pulmonary congestion. The very effective physiologic response of the MagScrew TAH is believed to result from employment of a left master, alternating ejection control logic, high inherent sensitivity of the blood pumps to atrial pressure, a lower effective stroke volume for the right pump, and a scaling of right side motor ejection voltage to 80% of that used for the left side ejection. 相似文献
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Fukumoto S Tamaki Y Shirafuji H Harakawa S Suzuki H Xuan X 《Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology》2005,12(4):557-559
This is a report of a vaccine trial directed against Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs with the use of the recombinant antigen P50. Dogs immunized with P50 showed partial protection manifested as a significantly low level of parasitemia. The results indicated that P50 is a primary vaccine candidate molecule against canine B. gibsoni infection. 相似文献
18.
Ochiai Y Golding LA Massiello AL Medvedev AL Horvath DJ Gerhart RL Chen JF Krogulecki AY Takagaki M Doi K Howard MW Fukamachi K 《ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)》2002,48(3):249-252
The Cleveland Clinic CorAide left ventricular assist system consists of a permanently implantable centrifugal pump in which the rotating assembly is completely suspended and noncontacting. A series of chronic animal in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the biologic effects of CorAide circulatory support without the use of anticoagulation therapy. The CorAide pump was implanted in six calves (five calves for 21 to 32 days and one calf for 95 days). The first five calves received intravenous heparin during the early postoperative periods (2-7 days). Heparin administration was then discontinued and no other anticoagulant drugs were used for the duration of the experiments. The last calf did not receive any anticoagulant except for a bolus dose of heparin (200 U/kg) during surgery. Hemodynamics were stable in all six calves, with a mean pump flow of 5.6+/-1.2 L/min and mean arterial pressure of 100+/-4 mm Hg. The blood pump surfaces were clean of thrombus in all six calves. Significant findings at autopsy were limited to one case of renal infarction. There was no incidence of mechanical failure, bleeding, or device infection. The CorAide pump can be safely run with minimal or no anticoagulant therapy. 相似文献
19.
Prevention of endotoxin shock by an antibody against leukocyte integrin {beta}2 through inhibiting production and action of TNF 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Watanabe Shun-ichi; Mukaida Naofumi; Ikeda Naoki; Akiyama Mariko; Harada Akihisa; Nakanishi Isao; Nariuchi Hideo; Watanabe Yoh; Matsushima Kouji 《International immunology》1995,7(7):1037-1046
Septic shock remains a serious disorder associated with highmortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that TNF is a majorand essential mediator of endotoxin shock. We report here thatadministration of an antibody against CD18 dramatically reducedendotoxin-induced shock inrabbits as revealed by preventionof severe hypotension, metabolic acidosis and a pathologicalchange suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulationwith concomitant inhibition of elevation of plasma TNF activity.The anti-CD18 antibody also inhibited the hypotension inducedby administering recombinant TNF. Furthermore, an antibody againsta ligand for CD18 complexes, intercellular adhesion molecule-1,also prevented TNF-induced shock as well as endotoxin shockinrabbits. These observations suggest that adhesion of leukocytesto endothelium may be of primary importance in the action ofTNF as well as in the production of TNF in vivo and that theantibody against adhesion molecules could be of therapeuticbenefit in life-threatening septic shock in humans. 相似文献
20.
Effects of lincomycin and tetracycline on production and properties of enterotoxins of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli grown in the presence of lincomycin and tetracycline produced an increased amount of heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). These antibiotics increased the production of not only extracellular LT but also intracellular LT. On the other hand, lincomycin did not stimulate the production of heat-stable enterotoxin by enterotoxigenic E. coli. The extracellular LTs produced in the presence of lincomycin and tetracycline were purified and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. Results showed that the A subunits of the purified LTs were not nicked, unlike that of extracellular LT produced in the absence of the antibiotics. 相似文献