Experimental studies on preventive effects of API0134 on vessel reocclusion after thrombolysis

Summary 24 model rabbits with femoral arterial thrombosis were divided into two grocps: the treatment group consisting of 12 rabbits which received API₀₁₃₄. and the control group composed of another 12 rabbits. 2 hours after recanalization by urokinase thrombolysis, reocilusion occurred only in 1/12 vessel (8%) with incomplete occlusion in the treated group, but in 8/12 (67%) with complete occlusion in the control group as assessed by angiograsphy. Pathological examination of specimen taken 24 hours after thrombolysis showed that 6/12 (50%) of the treated group gave the evidence of thrombus occlusion, and milder intimai injury and less adhered blood cells than in the control group, 83% of which had thrombus occlusion. In comparision with the control group, the function of platelet in the treated group demonstrated lower platelet aggregation rate (PAgR) and plasma thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) level, higher prostacyclin (PGI₂) and plasminogen activator (PA) activity as well as lower plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity. From the above it may be concluded that the preventive effect of API₀₁₃₄ on reocclusion might be due to inhibition of platelets aggregation and promotion of fibrinolysis.     

健侧颈7移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤最佳时间选择的实验研究

健侧颈７移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤手术分第一阶段（健侧颈７移位到移植神经），第二阶段（移植神经另一端移植修复患侧神经），二次手术间隔多少时间才能获得最好的神经再生？选用ＳＤ大鼠及健侧颈７移位的实验模型，按二次手术间隔时间的不同（０、１、２、３、４、８、１６周）分成７组，在第二次术后１２周，进行电生理测定肌张力恢复率及组织切片的形态学观察，结果证实二次手术最佳间隔时间为４～８周．此结果可提供临床参考．     

一氧化氮合酶在肾脏缺血预处理中的表达

目的 :检测一氧化氮合酶 (NOS :eNOS ,iNOS ,nNOS)在肾脏缺血预处理动物模型肾组织中的表达 ,探讨NOS在肾脏缺血预处理中的可能作用机制。方法 :将 36只小白兔随机分为四组即对照组、缺血预处理组(IP)、缺血再灌注组 (I/R)和缺血预处理后再灌注组 (IP +I/R)。分别检测各组肾组织中NOS的表达及组织学变化。结果 :在急性肾缺血 6 0min再灌注 6 0min时 ,eNOS阳性表达在IP组和IP +I/R组明显高于I/R组和对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,iNOS和nNOS在组织肾中未见明显表达。组织学变化发现I/R组肾组织中肾细胞发生明显变性坏死 ,而IP组和对照组未见明显改变。结论 :肾脏缺血预处理在肾脏缺血再灌注中具有保护作用 ,而NOS参与该作用机制。     

冠心病中医辨证与载脂蛋白关系的初步研究

对９６例各种类型冠心病患者进行中医辨证分型，检测其血清载脂蛋白ＡⅠ及Ｂ１００（ａｐｏＡⅠ及ａｐｏＢ１００），并设立对照组。结果显示各证型冠心病患者的ａｐｏＡⅠ，ａｐｏＢ１００及ａｐｏＢ１／ａｐｏＡⅠ均有不同程度的改变。在标实证中以痰浊型改变最为明显，其ａｐｏＡⅠ显著降低，ａｐｏＢ１００及ａｐｏＢ１００／ａｐｏＡⅠ显著升高。在本虚证型中以肾虚型改变最为明显、其ａｐｏＡⅠ显著降低。ａｐｏＢ１００／ａｐｏＡⅠ显著升高。这种各证型间的差异无疑对冠心病的中医辨证客观化有一定意义，值得进一步验证和探讨。     

气相色谱用于肠通透性监测的研究

作者采用国产气相色谱及９２０２微机数据处理系统，对临床患者和实验动物肠通透性改变进行监测。该方法以甘露醇（Ｍ）和乳果糖（Ｌ）为探针，用气相色谱检测尿中糖分泌率及Ｌ／Ｍ比值。结果显示，测定标准品Ｍ和Ｌ随进样量增加而呈线性改变，与国外学者报道一致。比较不同浓度进口与国产乳果糖，证明二者在研究肠通透性方面高度相关（ｒ＝０．９９）。检测急性胰腺炎并发感染动物的尿标本，发现乳果糖大量排出，Ｌ／Ｍ值明显增加。作者认为，气相色谱为一行之有效的方法用于肠通透性监测，有助于临床上对内源性感染及脓毒症的早期诊断。     

腹部CTA检查的质量保证

目的:探讨螺旋CT血管造影(Spiral CT angiography,SCTA)技术,以期提高SCTA造影的质量。材料与方法:采用Somatom Plus 4螺旋CT扫描系统对10例病人行腹部SCTA检查。扫描技术和造影剂参数按病变范围和性质而定,三维重建采用最大强度投影法(MIP)或表面阴影显示法(SSD)或弯曲平面重建法(CPR)。结果:SCTA检查技术能可靠地显示血管形态和病变,评价腹部肿瘤与邻近血管关系。结论:SCTA是无创伤性的血管成像术,在很大范围可替代创伤性的血管造影。     

肺血流图预测肺动脉压探讨

报告９７例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）及慢性肺心病（ＣＣＰ）患者与右心导管对照评价肺阻抗血流图（ＩＰＲ）预测肺动脉平均压（ｍＰＡＰ）的意义。分析ＩＰＲ各单项参数与ｍＰＡＰ的相关性，提示ＩＰＲ主要参数Ｐ＿２－Ｙ间期，Ｂ－Ｙ间期及Ｑ－Ｂ／Ｂ－Ｙ与ｍＰＡＰ呈中度相关。建立ＩＰＲ预测ｍＰＡＰ多元回归方程式，ｒ＝０．７７４。结果提示ＩＰＲ可作为临床近似预测ＣＯＰＤ及ＣＣＰ患者ｍＰＡＰ的简便方法，但尚不能取代右心导管作出精确诊断。     

Pharmacological treatments that facilitate extinction of fear: Relevance to psychotherapy

A great deal is now known about the mechanisms of conditioned fear acquisition and expression. More recently, the mechanisms of inhibition of conditioned fear have become the subject of intensive study. The major model system for the study of fear inhibition in the laboratory is extinction, in which a previously fear conditioned organism is exposed repeatedly to the fear-eliciting cue in the absence of any aversive event and the fear conditioned response declines. It is well established that extinction is a form of new learning as opposed to forgetting or “unlearning” of conditioned fear, and it is hypothesized that extinction develops when sensory pathways conveying sensory information to the amygdala come to engage GABAergic interneurons through forms of experience-dependent plasticity such as long-term potentiation. Several laboratories currently are investigating methods of facilitating fear extinction in animals with the hope that such treatments might ultimately prove to be useful in facilitating exposure-based therapy for anxiety disorders in clinical populations. This review discusses the advances that have been made in this field and presents the findings of the first major clinical study to examine the therapeutic utility of a drug that facilitates extinction in animals. It is concluded that extinction is an excellent model system for the study of fear inhibition and an indispensable tool for the screening of putative pharmacotherapies for clinical use.     

四肢带表浅静脉干的局部皮瓣在创伤修复中的应用

设计4种带表浅静脉干的局部皮瓣用于修复四肢创面14例,获得了满意的效果。该皮瓣所包含的一条浅静脉干,不仅有利于静脉回流,且其血流对皮瓣亦有营养作用。因此,该皮瓣容易成活,长宽比值可大于传统任意型皮瓣。并具有操作简便,不损伤主要动脉等优点。文中介绍了皮瓣的设计及手术方法,并对该皮瓣的血液循环特点、适应证及供区选择等进行了讨论。     

过敏性紫癜的心肌损害

目的观察儿童过敏性紫癜并心肌损害的发生率及临床特点。方法回顾性分析93例过敏性紫癜患儿并心肌损害的临床资料，对其发生率、临床表现及其他系统损害的关系和预后进行分析。结果497例过敏性紫癜患者中有93例（18．71％）有心肌受损，主要表现为心肌酶学异常和（或）心电图异常。所有病例应用肾上腺皮质激素治疗后均治愈。结论过敏性紫癜合并心肌损害是临床较常见的表现，早期识别并及时应用激素治疗及对症处理可避免严重并发症的发生，提高治疗效果。