Livin在皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及其与Ki-67表达的关系

目的探讨Livin在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(CSCC)组织中的表达及其与Ki-67的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测Livin在40例CSCC和10例正常皮肤组织中的表达以及Ki-67在CSCC组织中的表达。结果 Livin在CSCC组织中的阳性率为70.00%,在正常皮肤组织中无表达(P<0.05)。Livin阳性表达CSCC的Ki-67增殖指数明显高于Livin阴性者(P<0.05)。Livin的阳性率与CSCC的病理分级、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。结论 Livin不仅参与了凋亡的调控,还促进了细胞的增殖,在CSCC的发生、发展中起重要作用。     

Sex difference in effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on glucose-insulin homeostasis and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: The present study was to investigate the sex difference in effects of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and sulpiride on glucose and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia. METHOD: One hundred twelve patients with schizophrenia were assigned randomly to receive clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or sulpiride for 8 weeks. Planned assessments included body mass index, waist-hip ratio, fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance index (IRI), cholesterol and triglyceride levels. All measures were collected at baseline and at the end of the 8-week treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, waist-hip ratio and triglyceride and IRI levels of men were increased higher than that of women in clozapine and olanzapine groups. In sulpiride group, body mass index and triglyceride, insulin, and IRI levels of women increased higher than those of men. There was no significant sex difference for all assessments in risperidone group. Insulin, C-peptide, and IRI, but not fasting glucose levels, were significantly increased in the 4 groups. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly increased in the clozapine and olanzapine groups. Patients treated with clozapine and olanzapine had higher fasting insulin, C-peptide, and IRI levels than those treated with risperidone and sulpiride. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that clozapine, olanzapine, and sulpiride had effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia with sex difference. Clozapine and olanzapine seem to have the greatest potential to induce glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities, and risperidone has the least.     

Association of genetic variants at MYP10 and MYP15 with high myopia in a Han Chinese population

Background: Previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) has revealed the association between MYP10 at 8p23 and MYP15 at 10q21.1 and high myopia (HM) in a French population. This study is managed to discover the connection between some single nucleotide polymorphism (located at MYP10 and MYP15) and Han Chinese HM.

Methods and Results: This case-control association study contained 1673 samples, including 869 ophthalmic patients and 804 controls. Twelve tag SNPs have been selected from the MYP10 and MYP15 loci and genotyped by SNaPshot method. Among 12 SNPs, rs4840437 and rs6989782 in TNKS gene were found significant association with HM. Carriers of rs4840437G allele and rs4840437GG genotype created a low risk of high myopia (P = .036, OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.71–0.93; P = .016, OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.56–0.96; respectively). Carriers of rs6989782T allele and rs6989782TT+CT genotype also had a decreased risk of high myopia (P = .048, OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71–0.94; P = .006, OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.59–0.92; respectively). Other 10 SNPs displaced nonsignificant association with HM. Additionally, the risk haplotype AC and the protective haplotype GT, generated by two SNPs in TNKS, were considerably more likely to be association with HM (for AC, P = .002 and OR = 1.26; for GT, P = .027 and OR = 0.84).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that some heritable variants in the TNKS gene are associated with HM in the Han population. The possible functions of TNKS in the development and pathogenesis of hereditary high myopia still require further researches to identify.     

联合激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的：探讨联合激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。

方法：收集2015-08/2017-10在我院就诊的原发性闭角型青光眼患者82例82眼,随机分为单纯激光组(33例,采用Nd：YAG激光周边虹膜切除术)和联合激光组(49例,采用532半导体激光联合Nd：YAG激光周边虹膜切除术)。记录两组患者眼压、激光能量、虹膜出血情况。

结果：单纯激光组患者术后眼压升高较联合激光组明显,术后1h,1d,1wk两组患者眼压差异明显(均P<0.01); 术后1mo两组患者眼压基本恢复至术前水平。单纯激光组患者术中1次透切成功率明显低于联合激光组(73% vs 100%,P<0.05),且术中使用Nd：YAG激光总能量明显高于联合激光组(40.16±13.43mJ vs 23.23±6.70mJ,P<0.05)。两组患者术中虹膜出血率无明显差异(33% vs 26%, P>0.05)。

结论：532半导体激光联合Nd：YAG激光行周边虹膜切除术1次透切率高,尤其对于无虹膜隐窝的患者,可明显降低激光操作难度,减少激光能量,减轻前房炎症反应。     

Clonidine attenuates morphine withdrawal and subsequent drug sensitization in rhesus monkeys

AIM: Clonidine is an alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist that is frequently used to reduce withdrawal symptoms during opioid detoxification in humans. The long-term effects of clonidine on withdrawal symptoms and its effects on subsequent drug exposure have not been thoroughly documented. The aim of the study was to determine if clonidine administered during morphine withdrawal in rhesus monkeys produces long-lasting effects on withdrawal symptoms and alters the effects of subsequently taken drugs of abuse. METHODS: Adult male rhesus monkeys were treated with increasing doses of morphine for 90 d to induce opiate (narcotic) dependence. The immediate and long-lasting effects of 1 week's administration of clonidine were measured via the recording of morphine withdrawal signs and the subsequent effects of challenge injections of morphine or cocaine. RESULTS: Monkeys chronically treated with morphine displayed withdrawal signs that lasted 2 weeks after cessation of morphine administration and displayed sensitized responses to subsequent morphine and cocaine injections. Clonidine significantly reduced certain morphine withdrawal signs and overall withdrawal score, but these effects did not persist upon cessation of clonidine treatment. Sensitization to the effects of morphine and cocaine were significantly reduced in monkeys previously treated with clonidine. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that in addition to its short-term alleviating effect on morphine withdrawal signs, clonidine may reduce subsequent effects of drugs of abuse after prolonged abstinence.     

唾液腺组织中HBsAg和HBcAg分布的探讨

应用多克隆抗体和卵白素—生物素—辣根过氧化物酶复合物法（ＡＢＣ法）对１３例乙型肝炎患者手术摘除的唾液腺组织中ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｃＡｇ进行检测。结果ＨＢｓＡｓ阳性４例，ＨｂｓＡｇ和ＨＢｃＡｇ阳性１例。对照组６例，，测得ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性１例。本实验结果首次为乙型肝炎患者唾液腺组织内ＨＢＢＶ的分布提供了形态学依据，表明乙型肝炎患者唾液中的ＨＢＶ源于受感染的唾液腺组织。     

医院药事管理在临床药学服务中的作用

随着医院药学由传统药品供应保障型向临床药学技术服务型的转变，建立以合理用药为中心的临床药学服务体系成为医院药学发展的趋势，药事管理对于临床药学的支持作用日趋重要，它为临床药学工作的开展提供条件，是医院药学中不可或缺的重要环节。     

红丝线多糖对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究红丝线多糖对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 采用CCl4诱导大鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察红丝线多糖对大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转换酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转换酶(AST)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的影响.结果 红丝线多糖各剂量组可抑制急性肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT、AST的活性,降低MDA的水平,升高SOD的活性.结论 红丝线多糖对CCl4致大鼠急性肝损伤具有较好的保护作用.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">in situ</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis> study on enhancing effect of borneol in nasal absorption of Geniposide in rats

The objective of this research was to study the in situ and in vivo nasal absorption of Geniposide (Ge) co-administered with borneol. A rat in situ nasal perfusion technique with a novel volumeadjusted calculation was used to examine the absorption rate and extent of Ge. The influence of different experimental conditions such as purity of extract, drug concentration, co-administration with synthetic borneol or natural borneol were also investigated. Results indicated nasal absorption of Ge was primarily by passive diffusion that resembled first order kinetics. Following co-administration with borenol, the drug absorption was increased by 1.4 and 1.7 folds for natural borneol and synthetic borneol, respectively. However, the effect of other factors on drug absorption was not significant. In addition, it was also observed that there is a positive correlation between the absorption of water and Ge by the nasal route. In vivo studies carried out in rats where Ge was co-administered with NB and the pharmacokinetic profile obtained following intranasal administration were compared with those after intravenous administration. The bioavailability of Ge by intranasal was 101.5% and T_max was 2.04 ± 0.64 min. MRT was 218.7 ± 74.1 min and 44.4 ± 8.9 min for intranasal and intravenous, respectively. Combined with the borneol, Ge can be promptly and thoroughly absorbed intranasally in rats.     

肥胖者吸烟对动脉僵硬度与氧化应激的影响

目的观察肥胖者吸烟对动脉僵硬度及氧化应激的影响。方法选取大学在校男生85人,按照BMI或腰围大小分为2组,对照组41人,实验组44人,实验组进行吸烟干预25d,对照组无任何干预,测定对照组及实验组吸烟前、后每位受试者动脉僵硬度、血浆谷胱甘肽、丙二醛、尿酸含量并进行对比。结果实验组吸烟前与对照组比较,动脉僵硬度（1．78±0．26VS1．97±0．38,P〈0．05）及血浆丙二醛[（3．88±1．13）μmol／LVS（4．32±1．56）μmol／L,P〈0．05]、尿酸含量[（295±43）μmol／LVS（361±57）μmol／L,P〈0．05]显著增高;实验组吸烟后与对照组及实验组吸烟前比较,动脉顺应性显著下降[（1．54±0．32）ml／mmHgVS（1．97±0．38）ml／mmHg,P〈0．01;（1．54±0．32）ml／mmHgVS（1．78±0．26）ml／mmHg,P〈0．05],与对照组比较,实验组吸烟前后丙二醛尿酸含量则显著上升[丙二醛：（4．32±1．56）vs（3．88±1．13）,（4．77±1．07）vs（3．88±1．13）;尿酸：（361±57）VS（295±43）,（472±39）μmol／L vs（295±43）μmol／L,P〈0．01或P〈0．05]。结论氧化应激反应产物丙二醛、尿酸含量的增高,说明机体氧化．抗氧化机制失衡有助于动脉僵硬度和动脉顺应性发生改变,增加心血管疾病的患病风险,而肥胖者吸烟更具有患病的高危性。