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61.
Five gastric adenocarcinomas and their metastatic nodules in the liver with high serum AFP levels were examined by histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The examination revealed that AFP-producing stomach cancers were poorly differentiated carcinoma cells, especially with medullary arrangements, or pleomorphic or multinucleated giant cells. Well-differentiated papillotubular adenocarcinoma tissues on the glandular epithelium were not stained with anti-AFP. One out of the five AFP-producing adenocarcinomas with medullary patterns resembled liver cell carcinoma on light microscopy. However, an ultrastructural study showed tumor cells of the intestinal type, since the cells possessed a ductal lumina with abundant microvilli and a secretory granules. The findings suggest that the tumor cells differentiated in an intestinal direction rather than hepatic direction. In addition, we noted three simultaneously CEA-positive cases out of five AFP-producing gastric carcinomas. CEA was strongly stained in well differentiated adenocarcinoma tissues in the glandular epithelium or in areas of medullary type carcinoma invasion. However, CEA was not detected in undifferentiated carcinoma cells. 相似文献
62.
63.
Kazuo Okura Takafumi Kato Jacques Y Montplaisir Barry J Sessle Gilles J Lavigne 《Clinical neurophysiology》2006,117(2):269-278
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to make a quantitative analysis of the changes in cranial and limb muscle activity from wakefulness to light and deep sleep stages and during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep of normal subjects. METHODS: Polysomnographic recordings were made of the sleep of 9 healthy human subjects, including electromyograms of the suprahyoid, temporalis and masseter cranial muscles and the anterior tibialis limb muscle. Quantitative assessments of EMG activity were carried out with root mean square (RMS) and frequency-spectral analysis (FSA) methods. RESULTS: From wakefulness to sleep, a significant reduction (-25.2 to -71.2%; P < 0.01) was observed in EMG activity (for both RMS and FSA) of the 3 cranial muscles using both methods of analysis. The EMG activity of suprahyoid muscle further decreased from non-REM to REM sleep (-17.8 to -43.0%; P < 0.01). In contrast, the EMG activity of the anterior tibialis muscle was only slightly reduced across sleep stages and did not further reduce during REM sleep. During REM sleep, all the 4 muscles maintained minimal activity. CONCLUSIONS: The maintenance of muscle activity during REM sleep suggests that a minimal level of activity is required to preserve physiological functions (e.g. airway patency, posture) related to homeostasis and bodily protection. SIGNIFICANCE: This study suggests that quantitative sleep EMG analysis is important for understanding the mechanisms of sleep-related movement disorders or when objective assessment of changes in EMG activity are needed for diagnostic purposes or for the assessment of drug efficiency. 相似文献
64.
Tsunao Imamura Rie Takeshita Rikako Koyama Chikao Okuda Kazuo Takeuchi Masamichi Matsuda Masashi Hashimoto Goro Watanabe Hitoshi Yoshida Michio Imawari 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(4):303-307
Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers. Because pancreatic carcinoma is still very difficult to diagnose in its early stage, many of these patients will be considered unsuitable for surgery. If a cytological diagnosis is obtained at initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), suitable treatment will be initiated without delay. Methods: To increase the number of exfoliated cells from the pancreatic duct, we devised a new technique, pancreatic duct lavage fluid (PDLF), following bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The present paper reports the effectiveness of cytological examination using PDLF in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. We examined 18 pancreatic carcinoma cases. After the endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), PDLF was collected from a double‐lumen catheter inserted into the main pancreatic duct. Saline injected from the lumen for the injection, and PDLF was aspirated from the other lumen for the guidewire at the same time. The cytological examination was performed using PDLF. Results: Exfoliated cells were more frequently found in PDLF from all patients. In 15 cases (83%), cytological examination of PDLF revealed positive cytological results as the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion: Cytological examination using PDLF has a high sensitivity for detection of pancreatic carcinoma. The new examination, PDLF, is simple, safe and effective, so we expect PDLF to become widely popular. 相似文献
65.
66.
Kiyoshi Hashizume Kazuo Ichikawa Satoru Suzuki Teiji Takeda Keishi Yamauchi Mutsuhiro Kobayashi Xiao-Yun MA 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》1992,10(2):39-49
Calorie restriction is important in managing patients with maturity onset diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The effect of such restriction
on calcium metabolism is not known. The objective of this study was to determine whether patients on calorie restricted diets
would show any modification of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CTN).
The serum levels of PTH and CTN were measured by radioimmunoassays in 269 patients with NIDDM. The patients were divided into
two groups depending on the intake of calorie, and PTH and CTN were monitored for 2 years. Plasma levels of vitamin D were
measured by competitive protein binding assays before and after each program.
The level of PTH (520.8±266.0 pg/ml) (mean±S.D.) was significantly (P<0.01) higher in 109 diabetic patients whose calorie intake was restricted for 2 years (diet (D) group) as compared with that
(256.6±103.8 pg/ml) of 160 diabetic patients whose calorie intake was not restricted (non-diet (ND) group). The daily oral
calcium intake of the two groups did not differ significantly. We found no significant difference in the serum PTH level in
the ND groupVS. normal control subjects (248.8±98.4, N=78). The serum calcium concentration and the amount of calcium excreted in urine
were slightly but significantly (P<0.01) lower in the D than in the ND group. The rate of tubular reabsorption of phosphate (% TRP) was significantly lower
in the D group than that in the ND group (P<0.01). The serum CTN level was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the D group (33.9±11.3 pg/ml) than in the ND group (64.9±21.2 pg/ml) 2 years after each treatment. The plasma
1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D level was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the D group (22.2±6.6 pg/ml) than in the ND group (50.6±4.2 pg/ml). When
the restriction of calorie intake in the D group was canceled, their PTH levels decreased, which was accompanied by increase
in the 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D levels, whereas their CTN levels were unchanged.
These observations suggested that a restricted calorie intake is a risk factor for secondary hyperparathyroidism as well as
for a low serum level of CTN in patients with NIDDM. 相似文献
67.
T. Tatsumura S. Koyama M. Tsujimoto M. Kitagawa S. Kagamimori 《British journal of cancer》1993,68(6):1146-1149
Nebulisation chemotherapy, a chemotherapeutic method for the treatment of lung cancer that involves the administration of anticancer agents through the inhalation of nebulised aerosols, has been found to be highly effective (Tatsumura et al., 1983a,b). We confirmed that 5-FU administered by this method accumulates in the trachea, bronchi and regional lymph nodes of patients treated before surgery, along with 5-FU metabolites, FUR and FUdR, indicating that 5-FU is directly incorporated and metabolised in the respiratory tract. Parallel result were obtained using mongrel dogs. The 5-FU levels in other organs, such as the heart and liver, were found to be extremely low. Only a trace of 5-FU was found in the serum of both the patients and the dogs. We further investigated the anti-tumour effect of this therapy in ten selected patients and observed a satisfactory anti-tumour response of 60.0%. These results, along with our previous finding that the retention time of isotope tracers inhaled as aerosol is considerably longer in tumour tissues than in normal parts (Tatsumura et al., 1983a) explain the high antitumour action of this therapy and the absence of adverse effects of administered 5-FU. 相似文献
68.
M Kobayashi A Koyama K Yamagata N Yamaguchi M Narita H Shigematsu 《Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi》1992,34(1):47-56
The glomerular injuries in 129 cases of IgA nephropathy (IgA-N) were examined ultrastructurally with special reference to the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) deposits and capillary loop abnormalities, and the correlation between these findings and the clinicopathological data was analyzed. The following results were obtained. 1) The degree of daily excretion of urine protein (UP) and creatinine clearance (Ccr) revealed a significant correlation with the degree of mesangial hypercellularities and the frequency of segmental lesions. 2) All sites of GBM deposits, and discontinuity and/or splitting among the GBM abnormalities showed a significant relation to the severity of proliferation and segmental lesions. 3) The GBM deposits, discontinuity and splitting showed a significant relation to the degree of UP and Ccr. We speculate therefore that capillary loop deposits and/or capillary loop discontinuity and splitting could represent histological prognostic factors for an unfavorable outcome in IgA nephropathy. 相似文献
69.
Kazuo Kitagawa Masayasu Matsumoto Keisuke Kuwabara Masafumi Tagaya Toshiho Ohtsuki Ryuji Hata Hirokazu Ueda Nobou Handa Kazufumi Kimura Takenobu Kamada 《Brain research》1991,561(2)
We investigated the effects of mild and non-lethal ischemic insult on neuronal death following subsequent lethal ischemic stress in various brain regions, using a gerbil model of bilateral cerebral ischemia. Single 10-min ischemia consistently caused neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA4, layer III/IV of the cerebral cortex, dorsolateral part of the caudoputamen and ventrolateral part of the thalamus. On the other hand, in double ischemia groups, 2-min ischemic insult 2 days before 10-min ischemia exhibited significant protection in the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the caudoputamen and the thalamus. Five-min ischemic insult 2 days before 10-min ischemia also showed protective effect in the same areas as those of 2-min ischemia except for the CA1 region of the hippocampus, while 1-min ischemic insult exhibited no protective effect in any brain regions. In the immunoblot analysis, both 2- and 5-min ischemia caused increased synthesis of heat shock protein 72 (HSP 72) in the hippocampus, but 1-min ischemia did not. The present study demonstrated that the ‘ischemic tolerance’ phenomenon was widely found in the brain and also suggested that ischemic treatment severe enough to cause HSP 72 synthesis might be needed for induction of ‘ischemic tolerance’. 相似文献
70.
K Takeuchi S Suzuki N Kako M Kobayashi S Takahashi M Sawada T Honma S Iwabuchi K Fukui K Koyama 《The Annals of thoracic surgery》1992,54(2):327-332
The mechanism by which prostacyclin acts to prevent in vivo reperfusion injury is still uncertain. This study was therefore undertaken to assess the effect of a stable prostacyclin analogue (OP 41483-alpha-CD [OP]) on oxygen-derived free radicals after heart-lung transplantation. OP was administered to the heart-lung graft through the pulmonary artery for 25 minutes encompassing the reperfusion process. Free radicals were directly measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The radical intensities of pulmonary venous blood were significantly lower in the OP group than in the control group, suggesting that fewer free radicals were generated in the lungs of the OP group. The cardiac and respiratory function were better in the OP group than in the control group. The lung is the primary source of oxygen free radical attack, and the beneficial action of OP on free radical generation is almost exclusively restricted to the lung and does not apply to the heart. This result suggested that OP probably is effective in inhibiting free radical generation from the endothelium. 相似文献