Bone From Blood: Characteristics and Clinical Implications of Circulating Osteogenic Progenitor (COP) Cells

Circulating osteogenic progenitor (COP) cells are a population of cells in the peripheral blood with the capacity for bone formation, as well as broader differentiation into mesoderm-like cells in vitro. Although some of their biological characteristics are documented in vitro, their role in diseases of the musculoskeletal system remains yet to be fully evaluated. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of COP cells in a number of physiological and pathological conditions, as well as identify areas for future research. In addition, we suggest possible areas for clinical utilization in the management of musculoskeletal diseases. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).     

电阻抗断层成像技术用于呼气末正压滴定的研究进展

适当的呼气末正压（PEEP）是保护性肺通气策略的重要组成部分,PEEP可以保持肺泡开放,减少肺萎陷伤。尽管个体化PEEP已被越来越多的临床医师认可,但最佳的PEEP滴定方法尚存争议。电阻抗断层成像（EIT）是一种无创、无辐射的成像技术,可在床边实时动态评估肺功能,将肺通气过程中的阻抗变化以动态图像呈现,能够反映PEEP调整前后肺内通气及气体分布变化,因此,EIT可用于滴定个体化PEEP。本文简要概括EIT的基本原理及监测指标,阐述临床应用EIT指导下的PEEP（PEEPEIT）滴定方法,旨在加强对EIT的优点和局限性的理解,为优化个体化PEEP的设置提供参考。     

凝血酶对人重组内皮细胞衍生IL—8融合蛋白转换作用

本文报道利用基因工程技术在大肠杆菌中表达出入内皮细胞衍生IL-8(EDhIL-8)与细菌蛋白lacZ 的融合蛋白lac-hIL-8和lac-T-hIL-8,后者含有一个人工合成凝血酶切点。EDhIL-8上含有一个凝血酶切点,凝血酶可以将lac-hIL-8及以前表达的MS2-hIL-8水解为有生物活性的天然IL-8,而对含有两个凝血酶切点的lac-T-hIL-8无水解作用。这些结果提示凝血酶的功能不仅依赖于所识别的氨基酸,而且依赖于这些氨基酸形成的构象。     

补肾中药对老年大鼠脑组织中胆碱能M受体分布的影响

采用受体放射配基结合分析、原位杂交和放射自显影术等方法,研究胆碱能M受体、M1受体mRNA在脑组织中的分布,观察补肾中药对胆碱能M受体的含量、功能及分布的影响,探讨补肾中药延缓脑组织衰老的机理.结果显示:老年大鼠大脑皮层、海马、纹状体中M受体明显减少,放射自显影的灰度值降低,胆碱能M1受体mRNA在老年大鼠纹状体部位的表达减少,在其他部位的不明显.补肾中药明显增加老年大鼠胆碱能M受体的数量,对脑内胆碱能M1受体mRNA转录水平降低的部位有改善作用.补肾中药可通过改善胆碱能M1受体的mRNA表达、增加脑内胆碱能M1受体数量来延缓脑组织衰老.     

Familial Transmission of Alcohol Use Norms and Expectancies and Reported Alcohol Use

Members of 183 families (biological parents and one adult offspring) completed questionnaires on their quantity and frequency of alcohol use, what they would consider a "normal" quantity-frequency of alcohol use, "problem" quantity-frequency of use, flushing after alcohol use, and other expected physiological and subjective responses to alcohol. Within individuals, own quantity-frequency of alcohol use was moderately negatively correlated with flushing after one drink or less ("fast flushing"), but more highly positively correlated with judged normal alcohol use and with expected subjective effects. Spouse resemblances were low for quantity-frequency of alcohol use and flushing, but high for alcohol use norms and expected physiological and subjective responses. Parent-offspring resemblances were low to moderate for own alcohol use and flushing, but moderate to high for expected physiological and subjective effects. These results were discussed in terms of the effects of genetically transmitted flushing after alcohol use and culturally transmitted alcohol norms and expectations on alcohol use.     

原发性女性生殖器恶性黑色素瘤16例分析

目的：探讨原发性女性生殖器恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特点及合理的治疗方法。方法：对16例原发性女性生殖器恶性黑色素瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：发生于外阴9例,阴道5例,子宫颈2例。全部病例均行手术加化疗综合治疗,行区域淋巴结清扫11例,4例有转移,转移率36.3％。存活＜2年8例,≥2年8例,其中≥5年仅2例。结论：原发性女性生殖器恶性黑色素瘤预后差,行根治手术辅化疗和免疫治疗,可望提高生存期。     

似昼夜节律与学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300的影响

目的 探讨昼夜节律和学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300成分的影响。方法 8名被试者在非连续的5d的实验中每天在5个时间点（7：00,12：00,16：00,20：00和0：00）重复相同的听觉Oddball模式测试以诱发脑事件相关电位（ERP）。然后测量各次的ERPP300成分,得到其潜伏期及波幅。结果 P300波幅明显高于下午的波辐。重复测量也使P300波幅从第1个实验日的平均13.0uV降至第5个实验日的9.2uV。P300潜伏期随着重复测试的增加出现了习服,它从第2个实验日的平均350.6ms缩短为第5个实验日的平均343.5ms.结论 似昼夜节律和学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300成分的波幅和潜伏期均有影响。