Reliability of Measures of Scapular Protraction Strength in the Supine and Seated Positions

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the intra-rater reliability of measures of scapular protraction strength using a novel method. [Subjects] Forty-nine healthy subjects participated in this study. [Methods] Subjects performed maximal isometric scapular protraction on the left and right sides in the supine and seated positions. During scapular protraction, resistance was applied to the olecranon, and the strength of scapular protraction was measured using a load cell. Intra-rater reliability was calculated as the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC_3,1). [Results] High intra-rater reliability scores (0.97–0.98) for scapular protraction strength were observed in the supine and seated positions. [Conclusion] These findings demonstrate that the method described herein may provide a more reliable and convenient method to measure scapular protraction strength than common current practice does.Key words: Reliability, Scapular protraction, Serratus anterior     

基于岗位管理的病区临床护理岗位工作职责的研究

目的 研究不同层级护士在病区临床护理岗位的工作职责.方法 在前期对护士进行分层级管理的基础上,通过资料分析、实地观察法,总结出护士在病区临床护理岗位的工作任务,根据工作任务形成各层级护士岗位职责调查问卷,对重庆市某三级甲等综合医院132名病区临床护士进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行分析.结果 病区临床护士主要承担包括临床护理、护理管理、护理教学和护理科研4个方面共11项工作任务,根据11项工作任务,界定出N0级护士4项、N1级护士6项、N2级护士10项、N3级护士11项、N4级护士8项和N5级护士5项共44项工作职责.结论 通过科学化、系统化的方法明确不同层级护士在病区临床护理岗位的工作职责,为病区临床护士的工作提供具体明确的指导;为医院能科学的对病区临床护士进行人员配置、绩效考核、能力培训等提供决策依据;也为我国护士岗位管理工作的推进提供参考.     

基于老年人中医发病基础特点的黄连阿胶汤临床应用

基于老年患者多以肾阴不足、心火旺盛、心肾不交为中医基础病机特点,谨守"滋肾阴,泻心火"之法,遵循"观其脉证,知犯何逆,随证治之"的原则,应用经典<伤寒论>黄连阿胶汤治疗老年诸多疾病,临床疗效明显,充分体现了中医学"异病同治"的原则.     

色甘酸钠鼻吸治疗过敏性鼻炎

过敏性鼻炎是目前临床常见的一种过敏性疾病,典型症状有突然阵发性鼻塞、鼻痒、连续喷嚏、流清水样鼻涕等.色甘酸钠是治疗支气管哮喘的一种常用药物,通过抑制肥大细胞释放过敏介质来发挥作用.我们用鼻吸色甘酸钠治疗过敏性鼻炎,在临床上取得了一定的效果.现将结果报告如下:     

Spontaneous complete uterine rupture with protrusion of foetal limbs at the third trimester following laparoscopic cornuostomy: A case report

Rationale:Spontaneous complete uterine rupture during gestation is rare and has no specific symptoms; however, it is a life-threatening event for both the fetus and mother. The rupture typically happens in labor and is uncommon before labor. Herein, we present the case of a woman, encountering complete rupture at third trimester followed by laparoscopic cornuostomy.Patient concerns:A 26-year-old woman presented with acute right lower abdominal pain at 33 weeks and 5 days of gestation.Diagnoses:We made a diagnosis of threatened uterine rupture.Intervention:Urgent cesarean section performed. Exploration of the uterine dehiscence wound demonstrated that the myometrium was completely ruptured at the primary laparoscopic surgical scar with a defect of 40 mm, and live birth and preservation of the uterus was achieved.Outcome:On the third day of operation, she had a good recovery and was discharged. After a 6-week postpartum follow-up, she displayed a good level of rehabilitation.Lessons:Pregnancy after laparoscopic cornuostomy should be treated as high-risk gestation and the rupture during gestation of the uterine scar should be suspected once lower abdominal pain occurred. Swift diagnosis and prompt intervention play a crucial role in saving the lives of the fetus and the mother.     

Micro-to-Nanometer Scale Patterning of Perovskite Inks via Controlled Self-Assemblies

In the past decade, perovskite materials have gained intensive interest due to their remarkable material properties in optoelectronics and photodetectors. This review highlights recent advances in micro-to-nanometer scale patterning of perovskite inks, placing an undue emphasis on recently developed approaches to harness spatially ordered and crystallographically oriented structures with unprecedented regularity via controlled self-assemblies, including blade coating, inkjet printing, and nanoimprinting. Patterning of the perovskite elements at the micro- or nanometer scale might be a key parameter for their integration in a real system. Nowadays, unconventional approaches based on irreversible solution evaporation hold an important position in the structuring and integration of perovskite materials. Herein, easier type patterning techniques based on evaporations of polymer solutions and the coffee ring effect are systematically reviewed. The recent progress in the potential applications of the patterned perovskite inks is also introduced.     

Evaluation of marrow perfusion in the femoral head by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Effect of venous occlusion in a dog model.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. There is a continuing need for a greater sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of avascular necrosis (AVN). Previously, it was demonstrated that a dynamic MRI method, with gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhancement, can detect acute changes not seen on spin-echo images after arterial occlusion in a dog model. Because venous congestion appears to be a more directly relevant hemodynamic abnormality in a majority of clinical AVN cases, the authors extended the dynamic MRI technique to study changes in venous occlusion. METHODS. Dynamic MRI of the proximal femur was performed in five adult dogs before and after unilateral ligation of common iliac and lateral circumflex veins. Sixteen sequential gradient-recalled pulse sequence (GRASS) images (time resolution = 45 mseconds, echo time = 9 mseconds, flip angle = 65 degrees) were obtained immediately after a bolus intravenous injection of 0.2 mmol/kg of Gd-DTPA. Simultaneous measurements of regional blood flow were made using the radioactive microsphere method. RESULTS. After venous ligation, there was a 25% to 45% decrease in the degree of enhancement compared with preligation values on the ligated side. The decrease in cumulative enhancement (integrated over the entire time course) was statistically significant. The occlusion technique was verified by confirming a statistically significant decrease in blood flow determined by the microsphere method. CONCLUSIONS. Dynamic Gd-DTPA-enhanced fast MRI technique can detect acute changes in bone marrow perfusion due to venous occlusion. This technique may have applications in the early detection of nontraumatic AVN.     

乳晕切口及残腔无缝合技术在乳腺良性肿块切除术中的应用

目的:有多种方法切除乳腺良性肿块,每种方法各有其特点,我们旨在探讨乳晕切口及残腔无缝合技术在切除乳腺良性肿块中的临床应用价值.方法:从2006年1月至2010年8月我们对2164例乳腺良性乳腺肿块住院患者进行乳晕切口切除肿块,对切除肿块后所留的残腔采用不缝合技术,通过随访,评价对乳腺良性肿块的治疗效果,总结经验.结果:采用乳晕切口及残腔无缝合技术,所有乳腺良性肿块均成功切除及痊愈,单个病灶长径为0.5cm～8cm, 病灶数量为1个～42个,手术时间37min(5～162min),乳房切口疤痕微细,保持乳房外形,硬块感率25.4%,硬块感时间29day(18 day～40day),患者满意98.4%.无严重并发症.结论:乳晕切口及残腔无缝合技术在乳腺良性肿块切的临床应用中,操作简单,美观,安全可行.