BSID-Ⅲ认知量表在中国应用初探

目的检验贝莉婴幼儿发育量表Ⅲ(The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development,BSID-Ⅲ)认知量表的信度和效度,探讨其在我国引进和使用的可行性。方法翻译、回译BSID-Ⅲ,在无锡、太原、郴州三个研究点,共1 440名16d~42个月儿童进行BSID-Ⅲ认知量表测试。结果重测信度为0.946;内部信度分析,Cronbach'α系数为0.987。校标效度Pearson相关系数为0.93。结论 BSID-Ⅲ认知量表有较好的信度和效度,临床上可以使用该量表评定儿童的认知水平,在我国范围内引进和应用是可行和必要的。     

双边栝楼果实化学成分研究

目的研究双边栝楼果实化学成分。方法采用硅胶、sephadex LH-20、C-18反相柱层析以及重结晶等方法。结果从该植物中分离得到9个化合物,分别为黑麦草内酯(1)、7,22-二烯豆甾醇(2)、金圣草黄素(3)、邻羟基苯甲酸(4)、菠菜甾醇-7-O-葡萄糖苷(5)、金圣草黄素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(6)、香草酸(7)、对羟基苯甲酸(8)、异香草酸(9)。结论化合物1~9均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

猪尾型鼻胆引流管改制新型胆管塑料支架在肝门部胆管癌中的应用

目的　比较猪尾型鼻胆引流管改制的新型胆管塑料支架与普通胆管塑料支架在姑息治疗肝门部胆管癌中的有效性和安全性。方法　收集2018年6月—2020年12月于北部战区总医院内窥镜科因肝门部胆管癌导致的梗阻性黄疸行经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术姑息性治疗的38例患者资料,其中20例患者使用猪尾型鼻胆引流管改制支架（新型组）,18例患者使用普通塑料支架（普通组）。随访至2021年5月30日,比较两组的操作时间、住院时间、术后胆管炎发生率、胆红素下降水平、支架通畅时间等指标。结果　新型组和普通组的操作时间分别为（19.85±1.07） min和（22.00±3.38） min, 差异无统计学意义（t=1.26,P=0.607）。新型组和普通组的住院时间分别为（11.45±2.39）d和（11.33±3.51） d,差异无统计学意义（t=-0.52,P=0.938）。新型支架与普通支架术后第5天较术前总胆红素降低幅度中位数分别为122.85 μmol/L 和 96.25 μmol/L,差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.03,P=0.042）。新型组远期胆管炎发生率低于普通组［10.0%（2/20）比44.4%（8/18）］,差异有统计学意义（P=0.027）。新型组支架引流通畅时间高于普通组［（109.45±32.67）d比（82.11±20.95）d］,差异有统计学意义（t=2.23,P=0.032）。结论　相比普通胆管塑料支架,猪尾型鼻胆引流管改制的新型胆管塑料支架在姑息性治疗肝门部胆管梗阻时,可降低远期胆管炎发生率、延长胆管支架通畅期。     

Ligand-directed retroviral targeting of human breast cancer cells.

We explored the feasibility of designing retroviral vectors that can target human breast cancer cells with characteristic receptors via ligand-receptor interaction. The ecotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope was modified by insertion of sequences encoding human heregulin. Ecotropic virus, which normally does not infect human cells, when pseudotyped with the modified envelope protein now crosses species to infect human breast cancer cell lines that overexpress HER-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor; also called ERBB2) and HER-4 (also called ERBB4), while human breast cancer cell lines expressing low levels of these receptors remain resistant to infection. Since about 20% of human breast cancers overexpress HER-2 and some of breast cancer cell lines overexpress both HER-2 and HER-4, cell-specific targeting of retroviral vectors may provide a different approach for in vivo gene therapy of this type of breast cancer.     

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: an experience of clinical management for 31 cases

In order to increase our knowledge and understanding about multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC), including diagnosis, surgical management, pathologic and prognostic characteristics, clinical data of patients who suffered with MCRCC were reviewed retrospectively. From 1998 to 2005, among 770 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at our institute, 31 cases (4.0%) were identified as MCRCC. The average age of patients suffered with RCC and MCRCC was 58.1 ± 3.6 and 45.9 ± 2.7, respectively (P < 0.01), whereas the gender ratio of male to female in RCC and MCRCC is 2.12:1 and 2.88:1(P < 0.01). Surprisingly, 28 of those 31 renal masses (90.3%) were first discovered on the radiographic image, and the size of tumors in maximum diameter ranged from 1.7 to 11.0 cm (mean 4.1 ± 2.2 cm). All those patients were treated with open nephrectomy, including 21 radical and 10 partial. The stages of tumor were classified as pT1N0M0, pT2N0M0, and pT3bN0M0 following the 1997 criteria of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification in the number of 27(87.1%), 3(9.7%) and 1(3.2%), respectively. By contrast, according to the tumor nuclear grading system, those tumors were classified as Grades 1 and 2 in 13 (42%) and 18 patients (58%), respectively. Only 29 cases from those patients have been followedup for a period of 9 to 81 months so far (mean 32.6 ± 11), while no tumor recurrence occurred except for 1 case who died of causes other than MCRCC. In general, MCRCC is a frequent subtype of RCC in the clinic. A nephron-sparing procedure should be considered in the preoperative plan when a complex multicystic renal mass with enhanced density is observed.     

四种实验室检测技术对利福平和异烟肼耐药性检测的临床价值

目的 探讨微孔板法、实时荧光PCR熔解曲线技术(简称“熔解曲线法”)、多色巢式实时荧光定量PCR技术(简称“Xpert 法”)和罗氏药物敏感性试验(L-J药敏试验,简称“比例法”)用于快速筛查耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)的临床价值。方法 从医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)连续收集2014年7月至2018年3月重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心收治的确诊为结核病,且具有微孔板法、比例法、熔解曲线法、Xpert 法检测MTB对利福平、异烟肼耐药性诊断结果的2792例患者资料;其中微孔板法、比例法采用阳性分离菌株检测,熔解曲线法和Xpert 法采用患者标本直接检测。纳入同时具有微孔板法和比例法耐药性检测结果的1488例患者作为研究对象,其中341例行微孔板法+比例法+Xpert法检测利福平耐药性,87例行微孔板法+比例法+熔解曲线法检测利福平耐药性,66例行微孔板法+比例法+熔解曲线法检测异烟肼耐药性。以比例法为标准,采用SPSS 13.0软件分别计算微孔板法、熔解曲线法、Xpert法检测利福平和(或)异烟肼耐药性的敏感度、特异度、符合率、Kappa值等。结果 以比例法为标准,微孔板法、Xpert法、熔解曲线法检测利福平耐药性的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、符合率、Kappa值分别为97.2%(731/752)、96.9%(713/736)、96.9%(731/754)、97.1%(713/734)、97.0%(1444/1488)、0.94,97.2%(140/144)、94.9%(187/197)、93.3%(140/150)、97.9%(187/191)、95.9%(327/341)、0.92,97.1%(33/34)、84.9%(45/53)、80.5%(33/41)、97.8%(45/46)、89.7%(78/87)、0.79;微孔板法和熔解曲线法检测异烟肼耐药性的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、符合率、Kappa值分别为94.8%(751/792)、95.7%(667/697)、96.3%(751/780)、94.2%(667/708)、97.9%(1418/1448)、0.91, 97.3%(36/37)、86.2%(25/29)、90.0%(36/40)、96.2%(25/26)、92.4%(61/66)、0.84。结论 微孔板法、熔解曲线法、Xpert 法检测利福平和(或)异烟肼耐药性均具有较高的敏感度和特异度,适合快速筛查耐多药结核病;微孔板法还能获得各药物最低药物浓度,为临床用药剂量的选择提供参考依据。     

An autopsy case of acute pancreatitis with a high serum IgG4 complicated by amyloidosis and rheumatoid arthritis

We report an autopsy case of acute pancreatitis with a high serum IgG4 concentration complicated by systemic amyloid A amyloidosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The patient was a 42-year-old Japanese female with a 22-year history of rheumatoid arthritis. She was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis when she was 31-year old. At the onset of pancreatitis, the patient was anti-nudear antibody-positive, and had high serum gamma globulin and IgG4 levels. Dexamethasone and conventional therapy induced clinical remission and significantly decreased the serum IgG4 and gamma globulin. However, despite the decreased disease parameters, the patient developed a bleeding pseudocyst and died of cardiac failure. In the autopsy examination, it was determined that pancreatitis was probably caused by ischemia due to vascular obstruction caused by amyloid deposition in the pancreas. Even though acute pancreatitis is a rare complication in RA patients, we speculate that an autoimmune pancreatitis-related mechanism and ischemia due to vascular obstruction by amyloid deposition might be attributable to a single source that leads to acute pancreatitis in our particular case.     

Does hyaluronan affect inflammatory cytokines in knee osteoarthritis?

Our aim was to investigate the effects of hyaluronan on inflammatory cytokines in the synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis. The study was single blind, placebo-controlled, and randomized. We administered hyaluronan to 22 patients in the study group and placebo to 19 in the control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of cytokines. Both HA and placebo caused a significant decrease in interleukin (IL)-6 levels (P=0.0001 and P=0.04, respectively). But it was more significant in the study group. However, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) levels did not change in either group (P>0.05). The amount of effusion decreased significantly in the study group (P=0.001) but not in the control group (P=0.133). It can be concluded that hyaluronan considerably decreased IL-6 levels, which correlated with clinical improvement, but had no effect on IL-8 and TNF- levels in synovial fluid. However, larger studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to explain the effect of hyaluronan on cytokines.