An integrative approach for the large-scale identification of human genome kinases regulating cancer metastasis

Kinases become one of important groups of drug targets. To identify more kinases being potential for cancer therapy, we developed an integrative approach for the large-scale screen of functional genes capable of regulating the main traits of cancer metastasis. We first employed self-assembled cell microarray to screen functional genes that regulate cancer cell migration using a human genome kinase siRNA library. We identified 81 genes capable of significantly regulating cancer cell migration. Following with invasion assays and bio-informatics analysis, we discovered that 16 genes with differentially expression in cancer samples can regulate both cell migration and invasion, among which 10 genes have been well known to play critical roles in the cancer development. The remaining 6 genes were experimentally validated to have the capacities of regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis and anoikis activities besides cell motility. Together, these findings provide a new insight into the therapeutic use of human kinases.From the Clinical EditorThis team of authors have utilized a self-assembled cell microarray to screen genes that regulate cancer cell migration using a human genome siRNA library of kinases. They validated previously known genes and identified novel ones that may serve as therapeutic targets.     

某院癌痛规范化治疗示范病房创建前后镇痛药使用分析及处方点评

摘 要 目的：分析某院创建癌痛规范化治疗示范病房前后镇痛药的使用情况并对其处方进行点评,评价癌痛规范化治疗示范病房创建工作开展的意义。方法：提取2011~2012年及2013~2014年肿瘤科室患者使用镇痛药的相关数据,对镇痛药的用药频度（DDDs）进行比较;分别从门诊抽取2 400张癌痛患者的镇痛药处方并对其进行点评。结果：癌痛规范化治疗示范病房创建后癌痛患者镇痛药的DDDs较创建前增加,其中第一、第三阶梯镇痛药的DDDs分别较创建前增加了31.85%、1.99%;癌痛规范化治疗示范病房创建后不合理处方减少,药品名称的书写合格率分别从86.25%上升为95.17%, 用法用量的书写合格率和药品用法用量的合理率,分别从81.92%、84.93%上升到90.04%和93.28%。结论：创建癌痛规范化治疗示范病房使镇痛药的使用及其处方书写更规范。     

胎盘组织核因子-κB与妊娠并发症关系研究进展

核因子-κB(NF-κB)是一种细胞内重要的转录因子,调控包括炎症、凋亡在内多种基因的表达,在胎盘中分布广泛。本文对胎盘组织中NF-κB与先兆子痫、HELLP综合征和胎膜早破等妊娠并发症的关系研究进行综述,概括了胎盘NF-κB在这些妊娠并发症发生过程中的作用以及依赖NF-κB途径治疗相关疾病的研究进展,为胎盘相关疾病的深入研究奠定基础,为妊娠并发症疾病的诊治提供新思路。     

64层螺旋CT多方位重组技术联合仿真内镜技术诊断支气管结核的应用价值

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT多方位重组(CTMPR)技术联合仿真内镜技术(CTVE)对支气管结核的诊断效能和应用价值。 方法 选取2013年4月至2016年12月河北省胸科医院收治疑似支气管结核患者122例,采用64层螺旋CTMPR和CTVE检查,以纤维支气管镜(FOB)病理学诊断为金标准,衡量其诊断效能。 结果 经FOB最终确定108例支气管结核,CTMPR联合CTVE技术诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为92.6%、71.4%、96.2%、55.5%及90.2%。经FOB最终确定病变类型包括充血水肿型74处,浸润增殖型48处,溃疡肉芽型50处,瘢痕狭窄型46处,共218处;CT诊断相符的204处,符合率93.6%,不同FOB病变分型的CT表现差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经FOB最终确定并发症包括阻塞性肺不张26例、阻塞性肺炎18例、阻塞性肺气肿15例,共59例,CT诊断相符的有56例,符合率94.9%。 结论 64层螺旋CTMPR联合CTVE诊断支气管结核的准确率较高,是临床上重要的无创诊断技术。     

Comparison between swallowing and chewing of garlic on levels of serum lipids,cyclosporine, creatinine and lipid peroxidation in Renal Transplant Recipients

Abstract Hyperlipidemia and increased degree of oxidative stress are among the important risk factors for Atherosclerosis in renal transplant recipients (RTR). The Medical treatment of hyperlipidemia in RTR because of drugs side effects has been problematic, therefore alternative methods such as using of Garlic as an effective material in cholesterol lowering and inhibition of LDL Oxidation has been noted. For evaluation of garlic effect on RTR, 50 renal transplant patients with stable renal function were selected and divided into 2 groups. They took one clove of garlic (1 gr) by chewing or swallowing for two months, after one month wash-out period, they took garlic by the other route. Results indicated that although lipid profile, BUN, Cr, serum levels of cyclosporine and diastolic blood pressure did not change, Systolic blood pressure decreased from138.2 to 132.8 mmHg (p=0.001) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased from 2.4 to1.7 nmol/ml (p=0.009) by swallowing route, Cholesterol decreased from 205.1 to 195.3 mg/dl (p=0.03), triglyceride decreased from 195.7 to 174.8 mg/dl (p=0.008), MDA decreased from 2.5 to 1.6 nmol/ml (p=0.001), systolic blood pressure decreased from 137.5 to 129.8 mmHg (p=0.001), diastolic blood pressure decreased from 84.6 to 77.6 mmHg (p=0.001) and Cr decreased from 1.51 to 1.44 mg/dl (p=0.03) by chewing route too. However HDL, LDL and cyclosporine serum levels had no significant differences by both of swallowing and chewing routes. We conclude that undamaged garlic (swallowed) had no lowering effect on lipid level of serum. But Crushed garlic (chewed) reduces cholesterol, triglyceride, MDA and blood pressure. Additionally creatinine reduced without notable decrease in cyclosporine serum levels may be due to cyclosporine nephrotoxicity ameliorating effect of garlic.     

Depigmentation of melanocytes by the treatment of extracts from traditional Chinese herbs: a cell culture assay

OBJECTIVE: To obtain potential skin whitening agents from traditional Chinese herbs, we tested changes of melanin content in melanocyte cell lines after treatment with extracts of 90 traditional Chinese herbs. METHODS: Mouse melanocyte cell lines were used. Depigmentation activity of the herb extracts were first screened in Mel-Ab cells, and then re-evaluated in melan-a cells and co-culture of melan-a and SP-1 cells. Melanin content and cell viability were the two indications for evaluation. Tyrosinase activity and the expression of melanin synthesis related enzymes in cells treated with the herb extracts were also tested. RESULTS: Nine herb extracts were proved to have depigmentation activity similar to or better than that of arbutin and low cytotoxicity to melanocytes. Two of them were more effective in co-cultured melan-a cells. Most of the effective herb extracts inhibited tyrosinase activity and the expression of tyrosinase. Some of them also inhibited tyrosinase related protein-1 and/or tyrosinase related protein-2 in cultured cells. CONCLUSIONS: We have found 9 herb extracts to be promising skin whitening agents. Among them, water extract of Galla Chinensis and ethanol extract of Radix Clematidis exhibited higher depigmentation activity and caused lower tyrosinase activity in cell culture assays and are worthy to be further studied.     

Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV(+)/AIDS patients in Iran

Toxoplasma gondii has arisen as an important opportunistic agent especially in the central nervous system and in advanced HIV disease can cause significant morbidity and mortality. This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among HIV-positive patients in Iran. Blood samples were collected from 201 HIV-positive patients and anti-toxoplasma antibodies were detected by using conventional ELISA. An antibody titer of >3 IU/ml was considered positive. The majority of studied patients were male (male to female ratio: 5 to 1) with the mean age of 36 ± 1 yrs. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients was 49.75%. The mean CD4 count in HIV patients with positive toxoplasma serology was 332.5 ± 22.4 cells/μl. Only 1% of the patients had IgM anti-toxoplasma antibodies and 10% of the patients had clinical toxoplasma encephalitis. The mean CD4 count in this group was 66.4 ± 15.5 cells/μl and there was a significant association between CD4 count and rate of toxoplasma encephalitis (P<0.001). Previous reports suggested that toxoplasma encephalitis could be prevented by appropriate chemoprophylaxis. In view of the relatively high prevalence of toxoplasma infection found among the HIV-infected patients in our study, we suggest that routine screening for toxoplasma should be undertaken for all HIV-infected patients in Iran.     

苓桂术甘汤联合常规药物延缓心衰病程有效性和安全性的系统评价和Meta分析

目的 对苓桂术甘汤联合常规药物延缓心衰病程的有效性和安全性进行系统评价。方法 系统检索中国知网、万方医学、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、ClinicalKey、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Medline、Embase数据库,筛选出苓桂术甘汤治疗心衰的随机对照试验,并用RevMan 5.3软件对最终纳入的研究进行Meta分析。结果 纳入27项研究,总样本量3 569例,其中试验组1 816例,对照组1 753例。Meta分析结果显示,与单用常规药物相比,联用苓桂术甘汤能够提高显效率（相对危险度（RR）=1.41,95%置信区间（CI）［1.29,1.54］,P<0.000 01）和总有效率（RR=1.21,95%CI［1.17,1.25］,P<0.000 01）,降低血清B型脑钠肽（BNP）水平［均属差（MD）=-390.08,95%CI［-538.84,-241.52］,P<0.000 01］和血清N末端脑钠肽水平（NT-proBNP）（MD=-713.83,95%CI［-828.41,-599.25］,P<0.000 01）,升高左心室射血分数（LVEF）（MD=5.73,95%CI［3.33,8.14］,P<0.000 01）,降低左心室舒张末期内径（LVDD）（MD=-5.23,95%CI［-7.18,-3.29］,P<0.000 01）和左心室收缩末期内径（LVSD）（MD=-4.54,95%CI［-6.75,-2.33］,P<0.000 01）,增加心搏出量（SV）（MD=5.90,95%CI［4.56,7.25］,P<0.000 01）,减少肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）（MD=-37.53,95%CI［-50.72,-24.34］,P<0.000 01）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）（MD=-23.64,95%CI［-47.40,0.11］,P=0.05）,延长6 min步行试验距离（MD=51.08,95%CI［33.01,69.16］,P<0.000 01）,降低中医证候积分（MD=-3.50,95%CI［-4.92,-2.07］,P<0.000 01）,提高患者生活质量（MD=-7.26,95%CI［-10.43,-4.09］,P<0.000 01）,且安全性更高（RR=0.36,95%CI［0.17,0.79］,P=0.01）。结论 结果表明,苓桂术甘汤联合常规药物治疗可以提高心功能,减轻心纤维化,改善预后,且安全性高。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定甲硝唑胶囊中甲硝唑含量

目的 采用反相高效液相色谱法（RP-HPLC法）测定甲硝唑胶囊的含量。方法 采用Shim-pack CLC-ODS柱，流动相为甲醇一水（30：70），检测波长为290nm，外标法测定。结果 甲硝唑的线性范围为50～500μg／mL（r=0．9995），平均回收率为99．5％，RSD=1．0％（n=6）。结论 RP-HPLC法测定甲硝唑胶囊中甲硝唑含量，方法准确，操作简便，结果可靠。     

肺大泡自发性气胸手术麻醉处理：—附28例临床分析

目的：探讨肺大泡自发气胸病人在麻醉期间的危险性及预防措施，方法：为了预防麻醉诱导和维持期间的肺大泡破裂，本组麻醉诱导面罩吸氧应用法控制呼吸囊辅助通气和控制通气时，轻压呼吸囊，使胸廓略有起伏，血氧饱和度在基础状态下逐渐上升，同时监测气道压力，使气道压不超过20cmH2O(1.96kPa)，以SpO2平稳上升为手法控制呼吸囊的适宜程度，同时选用双腔管插管。结果：本组28例肺大泡自发性气胸在麻醉期间无1例出现麻醉期间肺大泡破裂。结论：对此类病人选用全麻快速诱导，双腔管插管，手法控制通气量，严密监测SpO2和气道压，可防止肺大泡破裂。