剑叶龙血树氯仿部位化学成分的研究

从剑叶龙血树[Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.)S.C.Chen]树皮的氯仿提取物分离得到6个化合物,根据光谱解析和理化性质,分别鉴定为2,3,5,6-四氯-1,4-二甲氧基苯(I),7-羟基-4′-甲氧基黄烷(II),4′-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基二苯代乙烯(II),4′-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基双氢查耳酮(IV),4′-羟基-2,4,6-三甲氧基双氢查耳酮(V),6-羟基-7-甲氧基-3-(4′-羟苄基)色原烷(VI)。其中IV、VI为新化合物。     

某院门诊抗菌药物专项整治前后应用情况分析

目的调研抗菌药物临床应用专项整治活动前后有关情况,为临床合理使用抗茵药物提供参考。方法抽取贵阳市息烽县人民医院门诊药房抗菌药物整治前（2011年1～6月每月1日、15日）处方和整治后（2012年1--6月每月1日、15日）处方,对抗菌药物处方数等进行统计、分析。结果整治前门诊抗菌药物处方数为911张,整治后为1379张,处方数占比从42．93％提高到44．64％;单用比例从88．47％提高到91．81％;联用比例、销售金额占比和品规数分别由11．53％（105／911）、21．91％、42个下降到8．19％（113／1379）、17．87％和34个。大环内酯类DDDs增加最多,单品种除罗红霉素、头孢噻吩、青霉素DDDs增加外,其余品种DDDs均降低。结论我院抗菌药物管理有了一定程度的改善,但处方占比距抗茵药物专项整治活动的要求还有较大差距,需进一步加大整治力度。     

爱婴催乳液对围产期仔鼠生长、发育的影响

目的探讨对服用爱婴催乳液母鼠乳汁的仔鼠生长、发育的反应。方法用57.0、85.5g·kg-1(指含生药量,下同)的爱婴催乳液饲喂产后母鼠(35d)做围产期毒性试验,观察仔鼠的生长发育及血常规和血生化指标,心电图、骨髓象等。结果围产期毒性实验显示仔鼠生长发育正常,血液学和血生化指标、心电图、骨髓象等与正常对照组比较均无显著差异。重要脏器指数和病理学检查也无异常。结论爱婴催乳液对围产期仔鼠生长、发育无影响。     

肝移植术后真菌感染

近年来,临床患者真菌的感染率逐年增高,主要原因在于老年人口增多,器官移植、免疫抑制剂使用,免疫缺陷类疾病增多,肿瘤放、化疗和透析患者增加,特别是抗细菌药物的发展和过多使用。再感染的真菌中白色念珠菌比例下降而难治性真菌如曲霉菌、毛霉菌、非白色念珠菌等比例增高。肝移植术后感染是一个重要而复杂的问题。有报道绝大多数肝移植术后死亡与感染及并发症导致的感染有关,特别是真菌感染尤难处理。文献报道肝移植术后深部真菌感染的发生率在30%～40%之间。1肝移植术后真菌感染的高危因素1.1术前血红蛋白过低、粒细胞缺乏、高胆红素血症…     

肾上腺良性无功能瘤39例临床分析

总结肾上腺良性无功能瘤３９例,其中３３例因健康查体或其他疾病就诊时发现,仅６例因腰腹不适或腹部包块而就诊。肾上腺内分泌激素检查均正常。肿瘤位于一侧肾上腺的３８例,双侧的１便。３０例病灶直径〉２．２ｃｍ的患者经治疗,病理结果：肾上腺皮质腺瘤２２例,蛹地腺髓性脂肪瘤４例,肾上腺节能细胞神经瘤２例,肾上腺囊肿１例,肾上腺神经鞘瘤１例。对肾上腺无功能瘤的诊断和治疗进行了讨论。     

头孢卡品酯对细菌感染小鼠败血症的体内抗菌作用研究报告

目的 评价头孢卡品酯对我国近三年临床分离致病菌所致小鼠败血症的体内抗菌作用.方法 以0.5mL最小致死量(MLD)腹腔注射细菌感染小鼠,建立小鼠败血症实验模型,灌胃0.5mL不同剂量的抗菌药物,记录给药后1～7d内小鼠成活率,用BLISS法计算50％、95％有效剂量(ED50、ED95)及P值.结果 对4株临床分离致病菌进行了体内保护试验.结果显示,头孢卡品酯对不产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌以及甲氧西林敏感金葡菌、青霉素敏感肺炎链球菌的ED50值在0.381～3.613mg/kg,ED95值在1.304-17.939mg/kg.结论 头孢卡品酯对所测革兰阴性菌的体内抗菌作用优于革兰阳性菌.对体外抗菌活性优于头孢泊肟的菌株,体内抗菌作用也基本优于头孢泊肟酯.     

Snake venom C-type lectins interacting with platelet receptors. Structure–function relationships and effects on haemostasis

Snake venoms contain components that affect the prey either by neurotoxic or haemorrhagic effects. The latter category affect haemostasis either by inhibiting or activating platelets or coagulation factors. They fall into several types based upon structure and mode of action. A major class is the snake C-type lectins or C-type lectin-like family which shows a typical folding like that in classic C-type lectins such as the selectins and mannose-binding proteins. Those in snake venoms are mostly based on a heterodimeric structure with two subunits and β, which are often oligomerized to form larger molecules. Simple heterodimeric members of this family have been shown to inhibit platelet functions by binding to GPIb but others activate platelets via the same receptor. Some that act via GPIb do so by inducing von Willebrand factor to bind to it. Another series of snake C-type lectins activate platelets by binding to GPVI while yet another series uses the integrin ₂β₁ to affect platelet function. The structure of more and more of these C-type lectins have now been, and are being, determined, often together with their ligands, casting light on binding sites and mechanisms. In addition, it is relatively easy to model the structure of the C-type lectins if the primary structure is known. These studies have shown that these proteins are quite a complex group, often with more than one platelet receptor as ligand and although superficially some appear to act as inhibitors, in fact most function by inducing thrombocytopenia by various routes. The relationship between structure and function in this group of venom proteins will be discussed.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者不同刺激率ABR结果分析

目的：探讨高刺激率ABR对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea－hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS）患者听力评估的价值及其与低氧血症的相关性。方法对39例（78耳）OSAHS患者（中度5例、重度34例）和34例（68耳）正常成年人分别进行11．1、31．1、51．1次/秒刺激率的听性脑干反应（ABR）测试,比较组间结果,并与多导睡眠监测呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、最低血氧饱和度（LSaO2）、平均血氧饱和度（MSaO2）、氧饱和度≤90％的时间占总监测时间的百分比（SIT90）、氧饱和度≤80％的时间占总监测时间的百分比（SIT80）进行相关性分析。结果在11．1次/秒刺激率时OSAHS组ABR波Ⅴ潜伏期（5．79±0．22 ms）较对照组（5．67±0．24 ms）延长;31．1次/秒刺激率时OSAHS组ABR 波Ⅰ潜伏期（1．85±0．18 ms）、波Ⅴ潜伏期（5．98±0．19 ms）均较对照组（分别为1．76±0．16 ms、5．82±0．24 ms）延长;在51．1次/秒刺激率时OSAHS组ABR波Ⅰ潜伏期（1．94±0．26 ms）、波Ⅴ潜伏期（6．09±0．25 ms）较对照组（分别为1．83±0．15 ms、5．99±0．24 ms）延长。刺激率由11．1次/秒升高至31．1次/秒时,OSAHS 组波Ⅰ潜伏期延长,ΔⅠ31．1－11．1（0．12±0．17ms）较对照组（0．07±0．11 ms）长,刺激率由11．1次/秒升高至51．1次/秒时,OSAHS组波Ⅰ潜伏期延长,ΔⅠ51．1－11．1（0．21±0．25 ms）较对照组（0．15±0．10 ms）长。ΔⅠ31．1－11．1与LSaO2负相关（r＝－0．24）,与SIT90（r＝0．23）、SIT80（r＝0．27）正相关;ΔⅠ51．1－11．1与LSaO2（r＝－0．33）、MSaO2（r＝－0．35）负相关,与SIT90（r＝0．37）、SIT80（r＝0．29）正相关;以上差异及相关性均有统计学意义（p＜0．05）。结论高刺激率ABR可发现中度及重度OSAHS患者耳蜗及听神经近耳蜗段的损伤。     

Multi-Response Optimisation of Automotive Door Using Grey Relational Analysis with Entropy Weights

Tail-welded blanks (TWBs) are widely used in automotive bodies to improve the structural performance and reduce weight. The stiffness and modal lightweight design optimisation of TWBs for automotive doors was performed in this study. The finite element model was validated through physical experiments. An L27 (3¹²) Taguchi orthogonal array was used to collect the sample points. The multi-objective optimisation problem was transformed into a single-objective optimisation problem based on the grey relational degree. The optimal combination of structural design parameters was obtained for a tail-welded door using the proposed method, and the weight of the door structure was reduced by 2.83 kg. The proposed optimisation method has fewer iterations and a lower computational cost, enabling the design of lightweight TWBs.     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎筛窦骨质病理形态学改变及其相关因素分析

目的:研究慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)筛窦骨质病理形态学改变的相关因素。方法:CRS患者180例,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型各60例,鼻内镜手术中取带有筛窦黏膜的筛骨标本送病理苏木精-伊红染色,对其病理形态学改变严重程度进行分级。统计不同临床分型其病理分级的例数及所占比率。分析筛窦骨质病理改变严重程度与筛窦黏膜病理改变程度、筛窦CT分型、病程长短及是否有手术史的关系。结果:所有患者筛窦骨质发生不同程度的病理形态学改变。病理分级:Ⅰ级5例(2.78%),Ⅱ级38例(21.11%),Ⅲ级71例(39.44%),Ⅳ级66例(36.67%)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型的筛骨病理分级结果:Ⅰ型,Ⅰ级5例(8.33%),Ⅱ级33例(55.00%),Ⅲ级15例(25.00%),Ⅳ级7例(11.67%);Ⅱ型,Ⅱ级5例(8.33%),Ⅲ级37例(61.67%),Ⅳ级18例(30.00%);Ⅲ型,Ⅲ级19例(31.67%),Ⅳ级41例(68.33%)。180例CRS患者不同临床分型、筛窦黏膜病理改变严重程度、不同筛窦CT分型、病程长短及是否有手术史与筛窦骨质病理分级均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:CRS筛窦骨质发生不同程度的病理形态学改变,其...