腺病毒介导的VEGF-B基因促血管内皮细胞增殖作用的研究

为观察腺癌毒素介导的血管内皮细胞生长因子B（VEGF－B）基因体外转染对血管内皮细胞的促增殖作用，构建编码人VEGF－B基因的复制缺陷的重组腺病毒载体，体外转染鼠主动脉血管内皮细胞（RAECs），应用RT－PCR和Western blot检测外源VEGF－B的表达，应用四唑盐（MTT）观察转染后RAECs的增殖。结果发现，RAECs可有效地被重组腺病毒载体感染，并能成功转录和表达VEGF－B基因和蛋白，在转染后细胞培养上清中检测到VEGF－B蛋白的表达，对RAECs有显著促增殖作用。提示重组腺病毒载体介导的人VEGF－B基因有血管新生作用，可用于缺血性心脏病的治疗。     

Idiopathic Synovial Osteochondromatosis of the Hip: Radiographic and MR Appearances in 15 Patients

Objective

To evaluate the radiographic and MR appearance of idiopathic synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip.

Materials and Methods

Radiographs and MR images of 15 patients with idiopathic synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip were assessed. The former were analysed in terms of the presence of 1) juxta-articular calcified and/ or ossified bodies, 2) osteophytes, 3) bone erosion, 4) juxta-articular osteopenia, and 5) joint space narrowing, while for the latter, analysis focused on 1) the configuration of intra-articular bodies, 2) bone erosion, 3) synovial thickening, 4) conglomeration of intra-articular bodies, and 5) extra-articular extension.

Results

At hip radiography, juxta-articular calcified and/ or ossified bodies were seen in 12 of the 15 patients (80%), bone erosion in eight (53%), osteophytes in seven (47%), juxta-articular osteopenia in five (33%) and joint space narrowing in five (33%). In eight patients (53%), MR imaging depicted intra-articular bodies of focal low signal intensity at all pulse sequences, and areas of iso-intensity at T1WI and hyperintensity at T2WI. In three (20%), intra-articular bodies of focal low signal intensity and areas of hyperintensity at all pulse sequences were observed, with areas of iso-intensity at T1WI and hyperintensity at T2WI, while in four (27%), intra-articular bodies of only focal low signal intensity at all pulse sequences were apparent. Synovial thickening was present in 13 patients (87%), bone erosion in 11 (73%), conglomeration of the intra-articular bodies in 11 (73%), and an extra-articular herniation sac in six (40%).

Conclusion

The most common radiographic finding of synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip was the presence of juxta-articular calcified and/ or ossified bodies. MR imaging depicted intra-articular bodies of focal low signal intensity at all pulse sequences, with areas of iso-intensity at T1WI and hyperintensity at T2WI. In addition, the presence of an extra-articular herniation sac was not uncommon.     

组织因子表达对原发性结直肠癌侵袭及转移能力的影响

目的探讨组织因子(TF)表达在原发性结直肠癌侵袭及转移中的作用,分析TF对人类大肠癌HT-29细胞侵袭能力的影响.方法应用免疫组织化学染色法研究85例原发性结直肠癌和6例结直肠良性腺瘤标本TF表达情况,分析TF表达与肿瘤侵袭转移及预后的关系;利用构建有正义/反义TFcDNA的质粒pcDNA3.1/Zeo,以脂质体法转染HT-29细胞; 转染成功的HT-29细胞采用Western印迹分析检测TF表达水平并进行基质胶体外侵袭实验观察细胞侵袭能力的变化.结果85例结直肠癌标本中40例(47.1%)TF表达阳性,正常黏膜和结直肠良性腺瘤均为TF阴性表达;TF阳性表达与结直肠癌的浸润深度密切相关(r=0.895, P<0.01);TF阳性表达与结直肠癌的同时性(r=0.974, P<0.01)和异时性(r=0.963 ,P<0.01)肝转移均密切相关;Logistic回归表明TF表达为结直肠癌肝转移的影响因素(P<0.01),多因素回归分析表明TF表达是影响原发性结直肠癌预后的因素之一(P<0.01);转染了正义TFcDNA的HT-29细胞的TF表达水平较未转染的HT-29细胞升高,转染了反义TFcDNA的HT-29细胞的TF表达水平则降低;转染了正义TFcDNA的HT-29细胞的侵袭能力较未转染的HT-29细胞增强,转染了反义TFcDNA的HT-29细胞的侵袭能力则减弱.结论TF可能参与原发性结直肠癌侵袭及转移的生物学过程,其阳性表达可能作为患者术后肝转移的预测指标应用于临床,TF表达是影响原发性结直肠癌预后的因素之一; TF表达的改变可以影响人类大肠癌HT-29细胞的体外侵袭能力.     

术前口服罗非昔布对双膝关节置换术后疼痛和全身炎性反应的影响

目的探讨术前环氧化酶2抑制剂罗非昔布是否能增强双膝关节置换术后吗啡的镇痛作用,及其对术后全身炎性反应的影响.方法 30例因关节炎需行双膝关节置换手术患者,通过抓阄方法随机分为罗非昔布加硬膜外镇痛组(RE组)和硬膜外镇痛组(E组),每组15例.RE组在术晨口服罗非昔布25 mg,其余同E组.所有患者均以异氟醚、硬膜外0.75%布比卡因复合维持麻醉.术毕连接患者自控镇痛泵 (1.2 mg/ml布比卡因加0.1 mg/ml吗啡加0.02 mg/ml氟哌利多)镇痛72 h.分别在术前、术毕、及术后2、6、12、24、48 h时抽取股静脉血,检测白细胞总数及分类,以及炎性细胞因子白介素6、8、10和肿瘤坏死因子-α.术后24、48、72 h各进行疼痛评分,记录比较每日吗啡用量、镇痛满意度、镇痛期间副作用以及术中出血量和术后关节引流量.结果复合罗非昔布可明显降低术后24 h静息、48 h静息和活动时疼痛评分.RE组提高术后24 h镇痛满意度为100%,高于E组60%(χ2＝6.71,P<0.01).RE组术后24 h平均吗啡消耗量为6.8 mg明显低于E组8.1 mg,(t=-2.71,P<0.05).RE组血白细胞和嗜中性粒细胞数在12 h和24 h明显低于E组.RE组血浆白介素6含量在术后48 h,白介素8含量在术后24 h明显低于E组.RE组术毕、术后6 h、12 h肿瘤坏死因子-α明显低于E组(t值分别为-2.4、-2.25、-2.41,P值均<0.05).结论术前口服罗非昔布可明显改善双膝置换术后疼痛,增加镇痛满意度,减轻全身炎性反应,减少吗啡用量.     

游离第二足趾移植急诊拇指再造38例

目的探讨游离第二足趾移植急诊一期拇指再造的可行性. 方法外伤性拇指缺损清创后采用游离第二足趾移植一期再造拇指. 结果再造拇指38例全部成活,无一例感染,经6～60个月随访,所有再造拇指血运丰富,感觉恢复良好,对指对掌灵活. 结论对于外伤性拇指缺损,只要清创彻底,采用游离第二足趾移植行急诊拇指再造,可以获得满意的再造效果.     

Serum levels of different forms of soluble CD38 antigen in burned patients

The level of the total and dimeric (oligomeric) forms of soluble CD38 antigen (sCD38) has been determined by an ELISA sandwich method in serum from burned patients (n=18) and healthy volunteers (n = 25). The serum level of total sCD38 was insignificantly increased in patients at the stage of burn shock (135 +/- 10.8 U/ml, mean +/- S.E.M.) and significantly decreased between 4 and 14 postburn days in comparison with volunteers (69.5 +/- 10.8 U/ml versus 121 +/- 7.8 U/ml, P < 0.05). The serum level of soluble dimeric CD38 in burned patients was statistically lower than normal during all periods of observation (45.3 +/- 8.8 and 130 +/- 6.2 U/ml, respectively, P < 0.01). The relative number of CD38(+) lymphocytes was increased during the period of shock in comparison with healthy volunteers (21 +/- 1.6% versus 13 +/- 1.1%, P < 0.05). There were no correlations between number CD38(+) lymphocytes and total sCD38 or dimeric sCD38 serum levels. These data suggest that the mCD38 expression and serum level of total sCD38 are a markers the early postburn lymphocytes activation. The decrease of dimeric sCD38 level can reflect its dissociation to monomeric form in burned patients.     

The threshold current in the intrathecal space to elicit motor response is lower and does not overlap that in the epidural space: a porcine model

Purpose

Using electrical epidural stimulation, a current of 1 to 10 mA is required to confirm the presence of the tip of an epidural catheter in the epidural space. The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that the threshold current required to elicit a motor response in the intrathecal space is significantly lower than that in the epidural space in a porcine model.

Methods

Four 20-kg pigs were used in this experiment. Eighteen gauge, insulated, Tuohy needles were advanced into the epidural space using the loss of resistance technique at five different spinal levels in each pig. When the epidural space was entered, an electrical current was applied to the needle and increased progressively until a motor response was elicited. The needle was then further advanced until cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was observed or until the needle had been advanced a maximum of 1 cm. At this point, the current was reapplied and increased until motor activity was evident.

Results

A total of 20 needles were inserted in four pigs. The current required to produce a motor response in the epidural space was 3.45 ± 0.73 mA (mean ± SD). The current required to produce a motor response in the intrathecal space (entry confirmed by the presence of CSF) was 0.38 ± 0.19 mA (mean ± SD). Two needles were advanced 1 cm without obtaining CSF but the current thresholds were similar to those obtained when CSF was evident (0.4 mA and 0.3 mA, respectively).

Conclusion

The threshold current of an insulated needle required to elicit a motor response in the intrathecal space, was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than that in the epidural space in a porcine model.     

Task influences pattern discriminability for faces and bodies in ventral occipitotemporal cortex

Our prior research showed that faces and bodies activate overlapping regions of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC). However, faces and bodies were nonetheless discriminable in these same overlapping regions when their spatial patterns of activity were classified using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA). Here we investigated whether these spatial patterns and their time courses were influenced by different categorization tasks. Participants viewed pictures of faces or headless bodies depicting a happy or fearful emotion. In one task, they categorized the picture as a face or a body regardless of emotion. In the other task, they categorized the emotion regardless of whether it was depicted by a face or body. Using a classifier trained on independent data, we found higher face–body classification accuracy for the emotion categorization task. The classifier was applied to each post-stimulus time-point to characterize the temporal course of classification. Accuracy initially rose equivalently above chance for both tasks, but then increased over a longer duration when participants categorized emotions. Thus, the temporal course of pattern differences between faces and bodies in VOTC was modulated by the behavioral goal of the observer, suggesting the top-down modulatory effect of task context on the category-selectivity activity in the VOTC.