化学中毒与急性缺氧的双因素联合效应的实验研究

目的 研究化学中毒与急性缺氧两因素的联合效应。方法 建立常压常氧、常压缺氧和低压缺氧3种模型，以梭曼(Soman)、氰化钠(NaCN)和4-DMAP(4-dimethylaminophenol)为代表，测定大鼠、小鼠、家猫、PC12细胞、兔血红细胞等在3种模型条件下对毒物药物的行为、生化和生理指标变化。结果梭曼单独作用可导致动物协调运动下降、脑等组织含水率增加、脑组织AChE活性降低、MR下调、NE和cAMP含量增加。急性缺氧单独作用也可引起动物协调运动及自主活动的降低、脑等组织含水率的增加、外周血和脑组织AChE活性升高、MR受体上调、NE和cAMP含量增加、4-DMAP药效升高。化学中毒与急性缺氧同时作用，上述变化更加复杂。结论 化学中毒与急性缺氧两种因素同时作用于机体，对机体产生广泛而复杂的损伤作用。此种作用为两因素的联合效应。缺氧引起的机体功能下降对联合效应的增加部分贡献较大。急性缺氧既可使重要的组织成分发生质或量的变化，也会影响某些抗毒剂的作用强度。     

动物喂养辐照食品的安全性评价

本试验是在多种食品的基础上,加大照射剂量(吸收剂量为0.1～8.0 kGy)和提高辐照食品在膳食中比例(千重80％以上)的条件下,进行了150d的大白鼠喂养试验。通过对饲料的营养成分分析及其利用,对动物的生长发育、血液学、致突变性及病理学等项指标的检测,结果证明是安全的。本试验结果为今后辐照食品商业化提供了安全的证据。     

原发性胸椎原始神经外胚层肿瘤的动态增强MRI表现

目的 初步探讨原始神经外胚层肿瘤(PNET)的动态增强MRI表现，以及对其诊断及鉴别诊断的价值。方法 用动态增强MRI方法对已手术和病理证实的2例胸椎PNET行3次MR检查并进行前瞻性研究。结果 在信号强度-时间和对比增强率．时间曲线上，2例PNET3次检查均表现为快升慢降型，即肿瘤早期就开始迅速增强，上升峰极陡，60～120s即达到高峰水平，然后保持平坦，3．5min内未见明显下降曲线。结论 动态增强MRI扫描能帮助对PNET进行早期诊断和鉴别诊断，从而为临床选择治疗方案及估计预后提供较为可靠的依据。     

虎杖甙对脂多糖刺激下中性粒细胞趋化反应的影响

OBJECTIVE: To understand the action mechanisms of polydatin (PD) in the treatment of septic shock in view of its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chemotaxis of the leucocytes. METHOD: Chemotactic chamber assay was used to investigate the regulative role of PD in chemotaxis of the neutrophils in response to LPS stimulation. RESULTS: The chemotactic index of normal neutrophils was 4.96+/-0.69, which was significantly increased by LPS stimulation. LPS stimulation at the doses of 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml resulted in the elevation of the chemotactic index of the neutrophils to 8.94+/-1.73, 10.31+/-1.180 and 7.12+/-1.46 respectively (P<0.05), an effect potently reversed by the application of PD at the concentrations ranging from 0.008 to 0.8 mg/ml, of which 0.08 mg/ml was the most effective concentration that produced a decrease of the chemotactic index to 1.95+/-0.17. In addition, PD exhibited obvious anti-LPS effect after treatment for 5 to 60 min (P<0.05), while showing no influence on the chemotaxis of normal neutrophils (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: PD can regulate neutrophil chemotaxis in inflammatory reactions and may play a crucial role in the treatment of infections and inflammation.     

肝细胞生长因子在左肾动脉狭窄大鼠心血管中的表达及干预研究

目的　观察左肾动脉狭窄肾性高血压大鼠模型心肌和血管中肝细胞生长因子 (HGF)的表达 ,并观察缬沙坦和螺内酯对其表达的影响。方法　选用 6周龄SD大鼠 2 4只 ,制备左肾动脉狭窄肾性高血压模型 ,分为 4组 ,分别为手术组、假手术组、缬沙坦组、螺内酯组。治疗组分别用缬沙坦 3 0mg/kg·d-1、螺内酯 2 0mg/kg·d-1溶于饮水灌胃 ,1次 /d ,连续治疗 17周。用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)法检测大鼠心肌和血管HGFmRNA水平。结果　 17周后 ,缬沙坦组和螺内酯组的心肌HGFmRNA/ β actinmRNA(1.17± 0 .0 8/ 0 .85± 0 .0 8)高于手术组 (0 .5 7± 0 .0 7) (P <0 .0 1) ,但低于假手术组 (1.3 5± 0 .0 9) (P均 <0 .0 1)。两治疗组肠系膜动脉HGFmRNA水平高于手术组 (P <0 .0 1) ,但低于假手术组 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论　缬沙坦和螺内酯均能使左肾动脉狭窄肾性高血压大鼠心肌和血管中的HGF升高 ,同时伴有心肌和血管重塑的改善 ,说明HGF在左肾动脉狭窄肾性高血压大鼠的靶器官保护中起着重要作用     

增龄后成骨细胞和破骨细胞的生物学特性

骨质疏松或增龄性骨丢失与老年人成骨细胞和破骨细胞的功能特点密切相关。尽管高龄人群成骨细胞骨形成作用和破骨细胞骨吸收作用对骨骼的影响都逐渐下降,但表现出不同的特点。(1)骨形成功能持续降低,主要表现为:成骨细胞分裂增生能力降低、基质合成减少、对钙调激素的敏感性降低。这些变化与骨髓中前体细胞的快速减少有关,使高龄人群骨骼中成骨细胞群由于缺乏新生细胞的不断补充而功能退化。(2)骨吸收功能短暂激活,主要表现为:破骨细胞数量一度增加,而其泌酸和蛋白酶功能基本得以保持。(3)成骨细胞调节能力降低,主要表现为成骨细胞中RANKL和OPC表达失偶联。破骨细胞激活的机制和破骨细胞二次活跃产生不同骨平衡的意义值得探讨。作为建议,我们提倡在基础领域重视骨髓微环境中前体细胞分化增殖的研究。     

Establishment of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line highly expressing sodium iodide symporter for radionuclide gene therapy.

To evaluate the possibility of radionuclide gene therapy and imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma cancer, we investigated the iodine accumulation of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, SK-Hep1, by transfer of human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene. By targeting NIS expression in SK-Hep1, we could also investigate whether these cells concentrate 99mTc-pertechnetate and 188Re-perrhenate as well as 125I in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The hNIS gene was transfected to human hepatocellular carcinoma SK-Hep1 cell lines using lipofectamine plus reagent. The uptake and efflux of 125I, 99mTc-pertechnetate, and 188Re-perrhenate were measured in the transfected and parental cells. Biodistribution was studied in nude mice bearing SK-Hep1 and SK-Hep1-NIS at 10 and 30 min and at 1, 2, 6, 16, and 23 h after injection of 125I, 99mTc- pertechnetate, or 188Re-perrhenate. In tumor imaging studies, the nude mice were intravenously injected with 188Re-perrhenate and imaged with a gamma-camera equipped with a pinhole collimator at 30 and 60 min after injection. The survival rate (%) was determined by the clonogenic assay after 37 MBq/10 mL (1 mCi/10 mL) 131I and 188Re-perrhenate treatment. RESULTS: SK-Hep1-NIS, stably expressing the NIS gene, accumulated 125I up 150 times higher than that of SK-Hep1. Iodine uptake of SK-Hep1-NIS is completely blocked by perchlorate. NIS gene transfection into SK-Hep1 also resulted in 112- and 87-fold increases of 99mTc-pertechnetate and 188Re-perrhenate uptake, respectively. Iodide efflux from SK-Hep1-NIS was relatively slow, with only 10% released during the initial 5 min, and 60% remained at 25 min. In the biodistribution study using SK-Hep1-NIS-xenographed mice, the tumor uptake of 125I, 188Re-perrhenate, and 99mTc-pertechnetate was 68.0 +/- 15.0, 46.2 +/- 9.1, and 59.6 +/- 16.2 %ID/g (percentage injected dose per gram) at 2 h after injection, respectively. After 188Re-perrhenate injection in SK-Hep1 and SK-Hep1-NIS-xenographed nude mice, whole-body images clearly visualized the SK-Hep1-NIS tumor, whereas the control tumor was not visualized. The survival rate (%) of SK-Hep1-NIS was markedly reduced to 46.3% +/- 10.1% and 28.9% +/- 5.2% after 37 MBq/mL (1 mCi/10 mL) 131I and 188Re-perrhenate treatment compared with the survival rates of the parental cells. These results demonstrated that SK-Hep1-NIS could be selectively killed by the induced 131I and 188Re-perrhenate accumulation through NIS gene expression. CONCLUSION: NIS-based gene therapy using beta-emitting radionuclides has the potential to be used in hepatocellular carcinoma management.     

Experimental Study on Allogenic Decalcified Bone Matrix as Carrier for Bone Tissue Engineering

The biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of allogenic decalcified bone matrix (DBM) used as a carrier for bone tissue engineering were studied. Following the method described by Urist, allogenic DBM was made. In vitro, DBM and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) from rab-bits were co-cultured for 3-7 days and subjected to HE staining, and a series of histomorphological observations were performed under phase-contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo the mixture of DBM/BMSC co-cultured for 3 days was planted into one side of muscules sacrospinalis of rabbits, and the DBM without BMSC was planted into other side as con-trol. Specimens were collected at postoperative week 1, 2 and 4, and subjected to HE staining, and observed under SEM. The results showed during culture in vitro, the BMSCs adherent to the wall of DBM grew, proliferated and had secretive activity. The in vivo experiment revealed that BMSCs and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the perivascular region invaded gradually and proliferated together in DBM/BMSC group, and colony-forming units of chondrocytes were found. Osteoblasts,trabecular bone and medullary cavity appeared. The inflammatory reaction around muscles almost disappeared at the second weeks. In pure DBM group, the similar changes appeared from the sur-face of the DBM to center, and the volume of total regenerate bones was less than the DBM/BMSC group at the same time. The results indicated that the mixture of DBM and BMSC had good bio-compatibility and ectopic induced osteogentic activty.     

中西医结合要为妇女生殖健康创新页

45年来,复旦大学妇产科医院在中西医结合临床及科研方面取得了可喜的成就.针刺促排卵的研究,通过观察血雌激素和中枢β-内啡肽(β-EP)的关系,提出了针刺通过耗竭中枢β-EP而促排卵的新认识,认为针刺促排卵的主要适应症是青春期月经失调,并将针刺成功地应用于治疗神经性厌食;补肾化痰的俞氏温补方治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)被证实是通过提高血促卵泡激素(follicle stimulating hormone, FSH)并诱发排卵而起作用;益肾化瘀的天癸方是通过降低患者及动物模型的雄激素和胰岛素,引起以中枢阿片促黑激素皮质素原、神经肽Y和瘦素受体为主的神经-内分泌-代谢网络调节而发挥促排卵和减肥作用,对高胰岛素型PCOS有良效,并在研究中提出了对PCOS分类的新设想;益肾清火的更年春通过提高中枢与周围组织的雌激素受体及其mRNA表达来调节围绝经期妇女的神经-内分泌-免疫-代谢网络而获优越疗效.这些研究表明,疾病是外环境影响下患者生命网络的某些主脉失调所致,而且亚健康状态的妇女具有初步网络失控的现象,中西医结合将为女性生殖医学研究找到捷径,调控生命网络是防病治病的主要思路.