The ultrastructural study of glycogen and lamellar bodies in the development of fetal monkey lung

Developing fetal monkey lung tissues were studied at the gestational period of 135-145 days. In general, glycogen is distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the type II pneumocytes at this gestational period. It is of interest that we found a structural relationship between glycogen particles and lamellar body formation in the type II pneumocytes. The glycogen particles were found inside the electron-dense pre-granules and the immature lamellar bodies. Some of the fully matured lamellar bodies also contained glycogen. This phenomenon has not been observed previously, and it supports the evidence that there is a close and direct structural relationship between glycogen and the development of lamellar bodies at this stage of lung development in the type II pneumocytes.     

后入路脊髓前侧推挤减压治疗胸腰椎损伤

报告５０例后入路全椎板切除，不破坏小关节突和椎弓根，采用作者设计的特殊弧度的骨凿，骨膜剥离器，骨锉和推进器作脊髓前侧推挤减压，Ｄｉｃｋ器械短节段椎弓根内固定和后路植骨融合术。术后和随访神经功能恢复标准，按Ｆｒａｎｋｅｌ氏分级法，６例达到Ｂ级，１６例进入Ｃ级，５例进入Ｄ级，１９例达到Ｅ极。     

锌酞菁脂质体光动力作用引起小鼠肿瘤的细胞程序性死亡

电镜观察了锌酞菁脂质体光动力作用引起小鼠ＭＳ－２纤维肉瘤的形态学变化。发现其作用很强，并对肿瘤细胞有明显的直接影响。肿瘤细胞的结构表现出明显的程序性细胞死亡（ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ，ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄｃｅｌｄｅａｔｈ）的特点：胞核染色质凝聚边集、核固缩、核破裂、染色质凝块流失、胞质内吞噬现象、胞膜表面肿胀粗钝的胞突形成、细胞碎裂等。加深了对锌酞菁脂质体光敏作用机理的认识，但其详细的发生机制和调节途径有待阐明。     

胆道梗阻对肝线粒体脂质过氧化损害的实验研究

目的探讨胆道梗阻对肝线粒体的损害。方法通过复制犬胆道梗阻模型,动态观察了胆道梗阻不同时相肝线粒体丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）含量及琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）、细胞素Ｃ氧化酶（ＣＣＯ）活力的变化。结果胆道梗阻２周后肝线粒体ＭＤＡ含量明显升高,而ＳＯＤ含量则明显下降;ＳＤＨ及ＣＣＯ活力均受到明显抑制。线粒体ＭＤＡ与ＳＤＨ,ＣＣＯ变化之间均呈现显著的负相关关系。结论胆道梗阻后肝线粒体受到明显脂质过氧化损害,线粒体呼吸酶受到明显损伤,线粒体脂质过氧化损害是导致线粒体呼吸链损伤的原因之一。     

Pancreaticoduodenectomy with En Bloc Portal Vein Resection for Pancreatic Carcinoma with Suspected Portal Vein Involvement

Pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with portal vein resection is increasingly accepted as a viable treatment option for pancreatic carcinoma with suspected involvement of the portal vein.However, its clinical benefit remains controversial. This study evaluated the outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection for pancreatic carcinoma in a group of Chinese patients operated on by a specialized team in a center with a low case volume of pancreatic cancer. The perioperative and long-term outcomes of 12 patients with portal vein resection for suspected involvement of the portal vein and 38 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy without portal vein resection during the same period were compared. In the former group, eight patients underwent segmental resection, and four patients underwent wedge resection of the portal vein. There were no significant differences in operative blood loss (median 0.8 vs. 0.8 liter, p = 0.313), hospital mortality (0% vs. 2.6%, p = 1.000), or operative morbidity (41.7% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.979) between the two groups. Patients who required portal vein resection had higher frequencies of microscopic lymphatic permeation (58.3% vs. 18.4%, p = 0.023) and vascular invasion (50.0% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.025). Long-term survival was comparable between patients with portal vein resection and those without it (median 19.5 vs. 20.7 months, p = 0.769). These findings suggest that pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with portal vein resection can be performed safely by a specialized team in a center with a low case volume of pancreatic carcinoma and that it may offer survival benefit in patients with suspected portal vein involvement.     

Discordance between dipyridamole stress Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT and coronary angiography in patients with Kawasaki disease

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis syndrome of unknown etiology that mainly affects the coronary arteries. The purpose of this study was to assess the agreement between dipyridamole stress technetium 99m sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and coronary angiography in these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-one consecutive patients (29 boys and 12 girls) who underwent coronary angiography were studied prospectively. Their ages at onset of the disease ranged from 2 months to 4.8 years (mean +/- SD, 1.9 +/- 1.3 years). Their ages at the time of the study ranged from 8 months to 15.3 years (6.2 +/- 4.4 years). The duration between symptom onset and the study ranged from 2 months to 12 years (4.3 +/- 4.0 years). All patients underwent dipyridamole stress Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT within 1 month of their angiographic studies. They were divided into 3 groups according to coronary angiography findings. Group A consisted of 2 patients (1 boy and 1 girl, aged 10.3 and 1.9 years, respectively) with coronary stenoses who also had aneurysms. Group B consisted of 10 patients (8 boys and 2 girls, aged 0.7-15.3 years [mean, 3.8 years]) with coronary aneurysms. Group C consisted of 29 patients (20 boys and 9 girls, aged 1.2-13.8 years [mean, 7 years]) with normal coronary angiograms. Two patients in group A (100%), 3 of 10 patients in group B (30%), and 19 of 29 patients in group C (65.5%) had myocardial perfusion defects. There was poor agreement between Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT and coronary angiography for detecting coronary stenoses (kappa = 0.07; P =.222) and aneurysms (kappa = -0.184; P =.158). CONCLUSION: Significant discordance exists between Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT and coronary angiography in patients with Kawasaki disease.     

肝移植治疗原发性肝癌60例

目的　评价肝移植治疗原发性肝癌的疗效和受体选择。方法　对 1993年 9月～ 2 0 0 2年 9月施行的 6 0例次肝癌肝移植患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,比较不同时期肝癌肝移植的疗效和大、小肝癌的术后存活率。结果　 1993年 9月～ 2 0 0 0年 7月共实施肝癌肝移植 2 3例 ,1个月、1年、2年、3年存活率分别为 73 9%、6 0 9%、4 3 5 %和 2 9 0 %。 2 0 0 0年 8月～ 2 0 0 2年 9月共实施肝癌肝移植 37例 ,1个月、1年、2年存活率分别为 89 2 %、75 8%和 6 1 2 %。术前肝功能ClildA或B级受体的 1月存活率为 89 5 % ,较ClildC级的 72 7%差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。大肝癌 4 1例 ,半数存活期为 18 0个月 ,1个月、1年、2年、3年存活率分别为 82 9%、6 3 1%、4 6 7%和 37 4 %。小肝癌 19例 ,存活期平均为 2 9 6个月 ,1个月、1年、2年、3年存活率分别为 84 2 %、76 6 %、6 5 6 %和6 5 6 % ,大、小肝癌累积存活率差异无显著意义。大、小肝癌的复发率分别为 2 7 7%和 15 8% ,获得长期存活的患者大部分生活质量良好。结论　肝移植是治疗原发性肝癌合并肝硬化的有效方法 ,对于明确合并有肝硬化门脉高压的小肝癌应提倡及时进行肝移植治疗 ,适当选择部分大肝癌作为移植受体仍有一定的合理性 ,血管侵犯或肝外     

经皮前路侧块螺钉内固定植骨融合治疗C1,2不稳

目的　创建一种经皮前路侧块螺钉内固定植骨融合治疗C1,2 不稳的手术方法。方法　取 4 0名正常人影像学测量寰枢椎正位、侧位片的标准角、安全角、椎动脉内壁至寰椎上下缘中点连线的距离等相应数据 ,并用自行研制手术器械 ,对 15例C1,2 创伤性不稳的患者。男 10例 ,女 5例 ;寰枢椎 (半 )脱位 7例 ,陈旧齿状突骨折伴脱位 1例 ;Jefferson骨折 3例 ;C1前弓骨折 4例。在C臂X光机监视下行经皮前路侧块螺钉内固定前路植骨融合技术治疗 ,并分析其治疗结果。结果　正位片上其标准角右侧为 2 4 0°± 3 7° ,左侧为 2 3 8°± 1 8°;安全角右侧为 15 2°～ 30 3° ,左侧为 14 8°～ 32 1°;椎动脉内壁至寰椎上下缘中点连线的距离右侧为 (5 6± 2 2 )mm ,左侧为 (5 8± 1 9)mm ;侧位片的标准角为 2 4 1°± 1 8° ;安全角为 12 6°～ 2 6 8°。 15例患者内固定均获得了满意效果 ,螺钉位置佳。无脊髓、椎动脉和食管损伤等并发症发生。穿刺创口无感染。结论　经皮前路侧块螺钉内固定治疗C1,2 不稳操作简单 ,出血少 ,创伤小 ,恢复快 ,可一期行侧块关节固定植骨融合。手术有一定风险 ,如使用合理的配套器械 ,并熟悉其解剖特点 ,在X线透视下正确选择进针点、角度和深度 ,操作规范 ,此技术是安全的。     

Intraspinal transplantation of CD34+ human umbilical cord blood cells after spinal cord hemisection injury improves functional recovery in adult rats

The present study was designed to compare the functional outcome of the intraspinal transplantation of CD34+ human umbilical cord blood (CB) cells with that of human bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells in adult rats with spinal cord injury. Sixty adult Wistar rats were subjected to left spinal cord hemisection, and then divided into three groups randomly. The control group received an injection of PBS without cells, while the two other groups of rats received a transplantation of 5 x 10(5) CD34+ CB or BMS cells, respectively. Functional outcome was measured using the modified Tarlov score at days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. A statistically significant improvement in functional outcome and survival rate in the experimental groups of rats was observed compared with the control group. Rats that received CD34+ CB cells achieved a better improvement in functional score than those that received BMS cells at days 7 and 14 after transplantation. Histological evaluation revealed that bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled CD34+ CB and BMS cells survived and migrated into the injured area. Some of these cells expressed glial fibriliary acidic protein (GFAP) or neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN). Our data demonstrate for the first time that intraspinal transplantation of human CD34+ CB cells provides benefit in function recovery after spinal cord hemisection in rats and suggest that CD34+ CB cells may be an excellent choice of cells as routine starting material of allogenic and autologous transplantations for the treatment of spinal cord injury.     

双小切口直视下复位动力髋螺钉内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨双小切口直视下复位动力髋螺钉(DHS)内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法对120例老年股骨转子间骨折患者行双小切口直视下复位DHS内固定。观察手术切口长度、手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、骨折复位情况、患者扶拐下地行走时间、骨折愈合时间及术后患肢髋关节功能恢复情况。结果手术时间40～50 min,术中失血量85～105 ml。骨折均获解剖复位。120例均获随访,时间6～20个月。骨折愈合时间6～8个月。Harris评分:优95例,良21例,可4例,优良率96.7%。结论双小切口直视下复位DHS内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折,更易于骨折断端的解剖复位和拉力螺钉放置于恰当的位置;手术时间短,术中失血量少,术后并发症少,疗效较好。