The study of tuberculosis outbreak in a high school—Shanghai,China, 2017–2018

Journal of Public Health - To investigate the attack rate of active tuberculosis (TB) cases and detection rate of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases, and to identify possible factors...     

重点高中生的心理状态与高考成绩的相关性研究

目的;了解重点高中学生的心理状态与高考成绩之间的关系。方法：以398例应届生为对象,应用16PF人格测验,气质测量工具（STI,TTI）及焦虑自评量表（SAS）,对考生进行测试分析,结果：文理科学生的16PF的人格特质有明显的差别,判别分析和多因素回归分析显示16PF人格特质中的Q1因素（实验性F＝8．76,P＜0．01）,Q2因素（独立性F＝8．23,P＜0．01）,与高考成绩呈正相关,与M因素（幻想性F＝4．88,P＜0．01）,呈负相关;气质中的神经过程灵活性（F＝8．15,P＜0．01）和时间特质中的灵活性（F＝12．36,P＜0．01）与高才成绩呈正相关。结论：高考生的实验性,独立性高分及幻想性低分的个性特质和气质上的灵活性有助于高考成绩的发挥,学生文理科分班宜参考学生人格特质这一特点,。     

乙型肝炎病毒垂直传播研究进展乙型肝炎病毒垂直传播研究进展

迄今,在已知的人类病毒性肝炎中,乙、丙、丁、戊、庚等5种肝炎病 毒已被证实能经垂直传播而导致婴儿罹患肝炎综合征。最近报告甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)也能引 起母婴垂直传播［1～2］。但由日本学者Nishizawa等(1997)发现的输血传播病毒(T TV)经多项研究表明垂直传播机率不大［3～5］。本文介绍近年来对乙型肝炎病毒( HBV)垂直传播研究所取得的一些进展。 1　HBV垂直传播机率 　　婴幼儿中80%的HBV感染者是经垂直传播而得。HBsAg和HBeAg阳性母亲有80%～90%的可能会将 其病毒传给后代,其中85%以上会成为HBsAg携带者,而HBsAg(+)HBeAg(-)母亲的HBV传播率 只有2%～5%［6］。Soderstrom等［7］报告在HBV低度流行的瑞典检测了93 例儿童,其中90例(96.8%)HBV DNA(+),54例(58%)HBeAg(+)。93例儿童有81例(87%)来源于 高/ 中度HBV流行区,12例(13%)     

不同材料双J管对兔输尿管的影响

目的：观察不同材料双J管对兔输尿管的影响。方法：本实验通过三种双J管置于15例（每一种双J管5例）正常兔的输尿管内,6周后观察其对输尿管上皮的损伤,输尿管的反应变化,双J管长壳的程度,置管前后肾盂压力的变化,结果：三种双J管均产生上皮细胞的损伤,二种国产双J管所引起的输尿管反应性较小。而进口双J管较重,与之相反,国产双J管长结古石的程度远较进口双J管严重（P＜0．05）,置管6周后与管前比较肾盂压力无明显变化（P＜0．05）,结论：国产双J管有较严重的长结石的倾向,但输尿管的反应性变化较小,适合于短时间置管,进口双J管的输尿管反应性变化较重,便有较长长结石倾向,比较适合于篚置管,尽管这些为动物实验所得结果,但也可能与临床有关系。     

薄层扫描法测定安神宁康胶囊中黄芪甲甙的含量

目的：建立测定安神宁康胶囊中黄芪甲甙含量的方法。方法：以氯仿——甲醇——水（65:35:10)的下层为展开剂,用双波长薄层扫描仪测定。结果：黄芪甲甙在1.049μg-5.245μg与峰面积积分值,呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9993,n=5),平均回收率为96.24%。结论：为控制安神宁康胶囊中黄芪甲甙的含量提供了方法。     

钙离子选择性微电极在钙制剂药代动力学研究中的应用

目的 用自制的钙离子选择性微电极（Ca^2 -ISME）测定游离钙,拟反映体内钙被吸收的真实水平。方法 建立了血清样品中钙离子测定方法,并进行三种具有代表意义的站钙剂的大鼠药代动力学对比研究。经灌胃给药,定时取血,制备血清并测定其钙离子浓度。结果 三种制剂在血中的达峰时间不完全一致,但其AUC间经t检验无显著性差异。结论 C^2 -ISME可用于钙制剂的药物代谢动力学研究。     

一氧化氮对犬下食管括约肌压力的作用

目的 :应用苄基二甲基十四烷氯化铵 (benzyldim ethyltetradecyl amm onium chloride,BAC)建立犬下食管括约肌(L ES)无神经动物模型 ,研究一氧化氮 (NO)对 L ES压力的作用。方法 :将 BAC环周注入犬 L ES,对照组注入等量生理盐水 ,均于注射前及注射后 6周测定 L ES压力 ;并观察 L -精氨酸、D -精氨酸、硝普钠及一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)抑制剂 N-硝基 - L -精氨酸 (L - NNA)对 L ES压力的影响 ;此外还测定了两组犬 L ES中 NO含量和 NOS活性。结果 :BAC处理组 L ES压力 [(4 2 .43±4.19) m m Hg,1m m Hg=0 .133 k Pa]显著高于对照组 [(2 2 .71± 5 .19) mm Hg]。 L -精氨酸可使对照组 L ES压力降低 ;L - NNA使其增高 ,但对 BAC处理组 L ES压力均无影响。硝普钠可降低两组犬 L ES压力。对照组 L ES中 NO为 (6 .0 5 8± 2 .0 6 7)μm ol/g,NOS为 (1.45 8± 0 .146 ) U /mg;而 BAC处理组 NO为 (1.797± 0 .873)μmol/g,NOS为 (0 .46 3± 0 .0 39) U /m g,均较对照组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 :BAC可使犬 L ES压力增高 ,其机制可能与 L ES局部 NO减少有关。     

A retrospective study of neck rejuvenation using a noninsulated microneedle radiofrequency in Chinese subjects

Lasers in Medical Science - Large-scale long-term retrospective study of noninsulated microneedle radiofrequency treatment on neck rejuvenation is lacking. We conducted a 3-year retrospective...     

A comprehensive reconstruction strategy for moderate to severe faciocervical scar contractures

The focus of treatment of faciocervical scar contractures includes cervical reconstruction and elimination of hypertrophic scars. Unfortunately, most previous studies have neglected the esthetic appearance of scars. In this study, we tried to combine surgical therapy and ultrapulse fractional CO₂ laser (UFCL) to eliminate facial scars while restoring neck reconstruction and to establish the optimal conventional management for faciocervical contracture. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled and divided into two groups. After received cervical release surgeries, comprehensive UFCL therapy group received treatment of UFCL at 3-month intervals, silicone sheets, and pressure garments, while another group only received treatment of silicone sheeting and compression. Twelve months after the termination of therapy, faciocervical scars of both two groups were assessed by two uninvolved physicians according to the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and patients’ satisfaction survey was also recorded by the study participants using a patient four-point satisfaction scale. Thirty-six patients completed the treatment and follow-up. The results show that the VSS scores of both two groups decreased after 12 months, but comprehensive UFCL therapy group dropped more significantly than the conventional treatment group at follow-up session, which was statistically significant (P?<?0.001), and the patient satisfaction was higher than that of the conventional treatment group. This comprehensive treatment combined of surgery, UFCL, silicone sheets, and pressure garments works as an effective and esthetic reconstruction for moderate to severe postburn faciocervical scar contractures.